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Transcriptional inhibition in Schwann cell development and nerve regeneration

Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第8期12卷 1241-1246页

作者： Susanne Quintes bastian g.brinkmann Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine Department of Neurogenetics Gottingen Germany Department of Clinical Neurophysiology University Medical Center Gotingen (UMG) Gottingen Germany

Schwann cells, the myelinating glial cells of the peripheral nervous system are remarkably plastic after nerve trauma. Their transdifferentiation into specialized repair cells after injury shares some features with their development from the neural crest. Both processes are governed by a tightly regulated balance between activators and inhibitors to ensure timely lineage progression and allow re-maturation after nerve injury. Functional recovery after injury is very successful in rodents, however, in humans, lack of regeneration after nerve trauma and loss of function as the result of peripheral neuropathies represents a significant problem. Our understanding of the basic molecular machinery underlying Schwann cell maturation and plasticity has made significant progress in recent years and novel players have been discovered. While the transcriptional activators of Schwann cell development and nerve repair have been well defined, the mechanisms counteracting negative regulation of（re-）myelination are less well understood. Recently, transcriptional inhibition has emerged as a new regulatory mechanism in Schwann cell development and nerve repair. This mini-review summarizes some of the regulatory mechanisms controlling both processes and the novel concept of ＂inhibiting the inhibitors＂ in the context of Schwann cell plasticity.

关键词： Schwann cell Zeb2 myelin transcription factors regeneration remyelination neuropathy

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