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Structural Geology and Chronology of Shear Zones along the Shangdan Suture in Qinling Orogenic Belt,China:Implications for Late Mesozoic Intra-Continental Deformation of East Asia

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 376-393页

作者： Falak Sheir Wei Li Le Zhang basil alabowsh Liuqing Jiang Li Liang Sainan Gao Shair Baz Umar Ashraf State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Department of GeologyNorthwest UniversityXi’an710069China Institute of Geology University of PunjabLahore45590Pakistan

The Shangdan suture zone(SDZ)in the Qinling orogenic belt(QOB)is a key to understanding the East Asia tectonic evolution.The SDZ gives information about convergent processes between the North China Block(NCB)and South China Block(SCB).In the Late Mesozoic,several shear zones evolved along the SDZ boundary that helps us comprehend the collisional deformation between the NCB and SCB,which was neglected in previous studies.These shear zones play an essential role in the tectonic evolution of the East Asia continents.This study focuses on the deformation and geochronology of two shear zones distributed along the SDZ,identified in the Shaliangzi and Maanqiao areas.The shear sense indicators and kinematic vorticity numbers(0.54–0.90)suggest these shear zones have sinistral shear and sub-simple shear deformation kinematics.The quartz’s dynamic recrystallization and c-axis fabric analysis in the Maanqiao shear zone(MSZ)revealed that the MSZ experienced deformation under green-schist facies conditions at∼400–500℃.The Shaliangzi shear zone deformed under amphibolite facies at∼500–700℃.The^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar(muscovite-biotite)dating of samples provided a plateau age of 121–123 Ma.Together with previously published data,our results concluded that QOB was dominated by compressional tectonics during the Late Early Cretaceous.Moreover,we suggested that the Siberian Block moved back to the south and Lhasa-Qiantang-Indochina Block to the north,which promoted intra-continental compressional tectonics.

关键词： Qinling orogenic belt Shangdan suture zone shear zone Late Mesozoic intra-continental deformation East Asia tectonics

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Structural Geology and Chronology of Shear Zones along the Shangdan Suture in Qinling Orogenic Belt, China:Implications for Late Mesozoic Intra-Continental Deformation of East Asia

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年

作者： Falak Sheir Wei Li Le Zhang basil alabowsh Liuqing Jiang Li Liang Sainan Gao Shair Baz Umar Ashraf Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan University State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Department of Geology Northwest University Institute of Geology University of PunjabLahore

The Shangdan suture zone(SDZ) in the Qinling orogenic belt(QOB) is a key to understanding the East Asia tectonic evolution. The SDZ gives information about convergent processes between the North China Block(NCB) and South China Block(SCB). In the Late Mesozoic, several shear zones evolved along the SDZ boundary that helps us comprehend the collisional deformation between the NCB and SCB, which was neglected in previous studies. These shear zones play an essential role in the tectonic evolution of the East Asia continents. This study focuses on the deformation and geochronology of two shear zones distributed along the SDZ, identified in the Shaliangzi and Maanqiao areas.The shear sense indicators and kinematic vorticity numbers(0.54–0.90) suggest these shear zones have sinistral shear and sub-simple shear deformation kinematics. The quartz’s dynamic recrystallization and c-axis fabric analysis in the Maanqiao shear zone(MSZ) revealed that the MSZ experienced deformation under green-schist facies conditions at ～400–500℃. The Shaliangzi shear zone deformed under amphibolite facies at ～500–700 ℃. The40Ar/39Ar(muscovite-biotite) dating of samples provided a plateau age of 121–123 Ma. Together with previously published data, our results concluded that QOB was dominated by compressional tectonics during the Late Early Cretaceous. Moreover, we suggested that the Siberian Block move back to the south and Lhasa-Qiantang-Indochina Block to the north, which promoted intra-continental compressional tectonics.

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Burden of routine orthopedic implant removal a single center retrospective study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期15卷 139-146页

作者： Ammar K AlOmran Nader Alosaimi Ahmed A Alshaikhi Omar M Bakhurji Khalid J Alzahrani basil Ziyad Salloot Tamim Omar Alabduladhem Ahmed I AlMulhim Arwa Alumran Department of Orthopedic College of MedicineImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam 31441Saudi Arabia Health Information Management and Technology Department Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam 31441Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Open reduction and internal fixation represent prevalent orthopedic procedures,sparking ongoing discourse over whether to retain or remove asymptomatic implants.Achieving consensus on this matter is paramount for orthopedic surgeons.This study aims to quantify the impact of routine implant removal on patients and healthcare facilities.A retrospective analysis of implant removal cases from 2016 to 2022 at King Fahad Hospital of the University(KFHU)was conducted and subjected to statistical scrutiny.Among these cases,44%necessitated hospitalization exceeding one day,while 56%required only a single day.Adults exhibited a 55%need for extended hospital stays,contrasting with 22.8%among the pediatric cohort.The complication rate was 6%,with all patients experiencing at least one complication.Notably,34.1%required sick leave and 4.8%exceeded 14 d.General anesthesia was predominant(88%).Routine implant removal introduces unwarranted complications,particularly in adults,potentially prolonging hospitalization.This procedure strains hospital resources,tying up the operating room that could otherwise accommodate critical surgeries.Clearly defined institutional guidelines are imperative to regulate this practice.AIM To measure the burden of routine implant removal on the patients and hospital.METHODS This is a retrospective analysis study of 167 routine implant removal cases treated at KFHU,a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia.Data were collected in the orthopedic department at KFHU from February 2016 to August 2022,which includes routine asymptomatic implant removal cases across all age categories.Nonroutine indications such as infection,pain,implant failure,malunion,nonunion,restricted range of motion,and prominent hardware were excluded.Patients who had external fixators removed or joints replaced were also excluded.RESULTS Between February 2016 and August 2022,360 implants were retrieved;however,only 167 of those who met the inclusion criteria were included in this study.The remaining implants were rejected due

关键词： Implant removal Healed fracture Orthopedic implant Complications Healthcare system

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Association of obesity anthropometric indices with hypertension,diabetes mellitus and hypertriglyceridemia in apparently healthy adult Nigerian population

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World Journal of Cardiology 2022年第6期14卷 363-371页

作者： Anil Sirisena basil Okeahialam Department of Radiology Jos University Teaching HospitalJos 930001Nigeria Department of Medicine Jos University Teaching HospitalJos 930001Nigeria

BACKGROUND Hypertension,hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia are chronic conditions associated with cardiometabolic diseases.Certain anthropometric indices are known to predict them.AIM To investigate the association of anthropometric indices with these chronic diseases and which anthropometric index predicts them best.METHODS In this study,221 apparently healthy individuals who never received treatments for cardiovascular disease(CVD),diabetes or other chronic diseases participated.The age of the participants ranged from 20-75 years with mean age of 36.9±11.4 years.The risk factors of these diseases namely systolic blood pressures(SBP)and diastolic blood pressures(DBP),fasting blood glucose(FBG)and triglycerides(TG)were determined for all the participants using standard clinical procedures.The obesity anthropometric indices,waist circumference,waist-to-height ratio,waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index as well as abdominal height(AH)and body surface index were determined.The association between each of them with the risk factors were determined by the Pearson correlation method.RESULTS From the results,it was found that AH showed superiority over the rest for SBP(r=0.301,P<0.01),DBP(r=0.370,P<0.01),FBG(r=0.297,P<0.01)and TG(r=0.380,P<0.01).Using the receiver operating characteristic curves,cut-off values of AH for SBP,DBP,FBG and TG were determined to be 24.75 cm,24.75 cm,25.25 cm and 24.75 cm respectively.CONCLUSION The indices of anthropometry used in this study correlated significantly with the studied CVD risk factors,with AH emerging as the most predictive.

关键词： Hypertension Hyperglycemia Hypertriglyceridemia Abdominal height Anthropometric indices

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Monitoring the transformation in New Cairo’s urban vitality and the accompanying social and economic phenomena

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2023年第5期12卷 867-891页

作者： Tamir El-Khouly Asmaa Eldiasty basil Kamel Department of Architecture Faculty of EngineeringAin Shams UniversityCairo 11566Egypt Department of Architecture School of Sciences and EngineeringThe American University in CairoCairo 11835Egypt Department of Architecture Faculty of EngineeringHorus UniversityNew Damietta 34517Egypt

Many cities in Egypt have been built recently with spatial characteristics that differ structurally from the spatial configuration of the ancient Arab city.There is a growing interest in understanding how social and economic phenomena related to the community are transformed in new cities,particularly those that extend from the old city,as is the case with the city of New Cairo.We have developed an analytical framework to study the effects of spatial configuration on the pace of growth of the new city and identify its characteristics in terms of phenomena related to movement and the distribution of economic activities,as well as urban vitality.A framework for combining quantitative and qualitative analysis helps in understanding phenomena related to the morphology of the development of the new city.Using syntactic analysis,place syntax and field observation,the spatial characteristics of the city of New Cairo were investigated,then compared with Old Cairo to determine which features were enriched in terms of the city’s vitality or what has been lost during the expansion phases,based on the planning concepts that were applied.The study concluded that changes in the characteristics of the spatial configurations of the new Egyptian cities by increasing the flow of vehicular traffic via wide arterial roads do not reflect the requirements of the local community,but instead impede local movement within the city and reduce the integration of its neighbourhoods,turning them into isolated islands.The greatest impact of this is the way in which the characteristics of society in these cities have been limited,resulting in isolation and a lack of connection with the identity of the place and the customs and traditions of the community.This paper presents an analytical framework for evaluating similar cities in terms of the characteristics of this planning configuration,identifying the extent to which the old has been preserved or changed and emphasising the validity of the methodology by evaluating the characteristics of oth

关键词： Space syntax Naturalmovement Spatial configuration Urban vitality

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Incidence of ocular manifestations in patients with graft versus host disease after allogeneic stem cell transplant in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第7期15卷 1149-1156页

作者： Tariq Aldebasi Rabia Bashir Shiji Gangadharan Naila AShaheen basil Alhussain Tariq Almudhaiyan Bader Alahmari Department of Ophthalmology King Abdulaziz Medical CityNational Guard Health AffairsRiyadh 11426Saudi Arabia King Abdullah International Medical Research Center(KAIMRC) Riyadh 11426Saudi Arabia King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences Riyadh 11426Saudi Arabia Divisions of Adult Hematology and SCT King Abdulaziz Medical CityNational Guard Health AffairsRiyadh 11426Saudi Arabia

AIM: To evaluate the incidence and severity of ocular graft versus host disease(o GVHD) in patients who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplant(SCT) in King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Saudi Arabia.METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study conducted in King Abdul Aziz Medical City on patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant(allo-HCT) from 2010 to 2017. The ocular examination findings including visual acuity, meibomian gland dysfunction, corneal and conjunctival staining with severity, corneal scarring, tear film meniscus and breakup time, anterior and posterior segment examination findings, intraocular pressure, treatment given, punctual plugs used or not, and follow up response were collected.RESULTS: The five years cumulative incidence of o GVHD among post-transplant patients was 56.98%(95%CI 38.6%-71.7%). The potential risk factors assessed for developing ocular manifestation were age, gender, donor’s age, donor gender mismatch CD3 and CD34 infusion, while none of the correlates were identified as statistically significant risk factors of developing ocular manifestation. However, the incidence was statistically significantly different betweenpatients diagnosed with acute myelocytic leukemia and acute lymphocytic leukemia(P=0.038). The mean latent period to develop ocular symptoms was 20.5 mo. All patients had variable degree of dry eyes. None of the patients developed any posterior segment complication.CONCLUSION: The incidence of o GVHD is low in King Abdul-Aziz Medical City. This can be attributed to the preconditioning and immunosuppressive regime.

关键词： graft versus host disease allogenic stem cell transplant dry eye

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A Fully Adaptive Active Queue Management Method for Congestion Prevention at the Router Buffer

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第11期77卷 1679-1698页

作者： Ali Alshahrani Ahmad Adel Abu-Shareha Qusai Y.Shambour basil Al-Kasasbeh Faculty of Computer Studies Arab Open UniversityRiyadh11681Saudi Arabia Faculty of Information Technology Al-Ahliyya Amman UniversityAmman19111Jordan

Active queue management(AQM)methods manage the queued packets at the router buffer,prevent buffer congestion,and stabilize the network performance.The bursty nature of the traffic passing by the network routers and the slake behavior of the existing AQM methods leads to unnecessary packet dropping.This paper proposes a fully adaptive active queue management(AAQM)method to maintain stable network performance,avoid congestion and packet loss,and eliminate unnecessary packet dropping.The proposed AAQM method is based on load and queue length indicators and uses an adaptive mechanism to adjust the dropping probability based on the buffer status.The proposed AAQM method adapts to single and multiclass traffic models.Extensive simulation results over two types of traffic showed that the proposed method achieved the best results compared to the existing methods,including Random Early Detection(RED),BLUE,Effective RED(ERED),Fuzzy RED(FRED),Fuzzy Gentle RED(FGRED),and Fuzzy BLUE(FBLUE).The proposed and compared methods achieved similar results with low or moderate traffic load.However,under high traffic load,the proposed AAQM method achieved the best rate of zero loss,similar to BLUE,compared to 0.01 for RED,0.27 for ERED,0.04 for FRED,0.12 for FGRED,and 0.44 for FBLUE.For throughput,the proposed AAQM method achieved the highest rate of 0.54,surpassing the BLUE method’s throughput of 0.43.For delay,the proposed AAQM method achieved the second-best delay of 28.51,while the BLUE method achieved the best delay of 13.18;however,the BLUE results are insufficient because of the low throughput.Consequently,the proposed AAQM method outperformed the compared methods with its superior throughput and acceptable delay.

关键词： Active queue management dropping rate delay loss performance measures

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Consensus-based dispatch optimization of a microgrid considering meta-heuristic-based demand response scheduling and network packet loss characterization

能源与人工智能(英文)

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2023年第1期11卷 71-89页

作者： Ali M.Jasim basil H.Jasim Soheil Mohseni Alan C.Brent Electrical Engineering Department University of BasrahBasrah61001Iraq Department of Communications Engineering Iraq University CollegeBasrahIraq Sustainable Energy Systems Wellington Faculty of EngineeringVictoria University of WellingtonWellington6140New Zealand Department of Industrial Engineering and the Centre for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Studies Stellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch7600South Africa

The uncertainty inherent in power load forecasts represents a major factor in the mismatches between supply and demand in renewables-rich electricity networks, which consequently increases the energy bills and curtailed generation. As the transition to a power grid founded on the so-called grid-of-grids becomes more evident, the need for distributed control algorithms capable of handling computationally challenging problems in the energy sector does so as well. In this light, the consensus-based distributed algorithm has recently been shown to provide an effective platform for solving the complex energy management problem in microgrids. More specifically, in a microgrid context, the consensus-based distributed algorithm requires reliable information exchange with customers to achieve convergence. However, packet losses remain an important issue, which can potentially result in the failure of the overall system. In this setting, this paper introduces a novel method to effectively characterize such packet losses during information exchange between the customers and the microgrid operator, whilst solving the microgrid scheduling optimization problem for a multi-agent-based microgrid. More specifically, the proposed framework leverages the virulence optimization algorithm and the earth-worm optimization algorithm to optimally shift the energy consumption during peak periods to lower-priced off-peak hours. The effectiveness of the proposed method in minimizing the overall active power mismatches in the presence of packet losses has also been demonstrated based on benchmarking the results against the business-as-usual iterative scheduling algorithm. Also, the robustness of the overall meta-heuristic- and multi-agent-based method in producing optimal results is confirmed based on comparing the results obtained by several well-established meta-heuristic optimization algorithms, including the binary particle swarm optimization, the genetic algorithm, and the cuckoo search optimization.

关键词： Demand-side management Optimal scheduling Microgrids Distribution generation Consensus algorithm Meta-heuristics

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Binary ionic liquid electrolyte design for ultrahigh-energy density graphene-based supercapacitors

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Materials Reports(Energy) 2022年第2期2卷 58-67页

作者： Shao Ing Wong Han Lin Tianyi Ma Jaka Sunarso basil T.Wong Baohua Jia Centre for Translational Atomaterials School of ScienceComputing and Engineering TechnologiesSwinburne University of TechnologyHawthornVictoria 3122Australia School of Science RMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoria 000Australia Research Centre for Sustainable Technologies Faculty of EngineeringComputing and ScienceSwinburne University of TechnologyJalan Simpang Tiga93350 KuchingSarawakMalaysia

Although room temperature ionic liquids(ILs)have emerged as potential next-generation electrolytes for their wide electrochemical stability window(ESW),the trade-off between this window and viscosity has hindered their widespread use in energy storage devices.Here,we present for the first time that such a trade-off can be balanced by mixing two ILs with the common anion([NTf_(2)]^(-))but different cations([EMIM]^(+) and[N1114]^(+))together.The[EMIM]cation-based IL possesses low viscosity while the[N1114]cation-based IL exhibits wide ESW.Since the concentrations of each IL in the mixtures can result in different electrolyte properties,we demonstrate a systematic approach by exploring the properties of various concentration combinations.In addition,the corresponding cell voltage of their resulting graphene supercapacitors(SCs)accompanied based on the interaction between the binary ionic liquid and the electrodes,and the associated electrochemical performance were studied to determine the optimum electrolyte system for the highest SC energy density.The well-balanced viscosity/ESW trade-off is achieved in binary IL consisting 50 vol%[EMIM][NTf_(2)]and 50 vol%[N1114][NTf_(2)]as evident from the extraordinary electrode specific capacitance of 293.1 F g^(-1) and the ultrahigh SC energy density of 177 Wh kg^(-1),which approaches that of a lithium-ion battery.

关键词： Electrolyte Binary ionic liquid Maximum working voltage High capacitance High energy density Supercapacitor

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The Mamfe Basin in the southern Benue trough extension between Cameroon and Nigeria:Gem origin and problem of lithostratigraphic nomenclature and marine transgression

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Acta Geochimica 2023年第3期42卷 495-516页

作者： Milan Stafford Tchouatcha Primus Tamfuh Azinwi Christel Sobdjou Kemteu Augustin Desire Balla Ondoa Leopold Darlus Ngantchu basil Azeh Anong Courage Gabvourta Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of DschangP.O.Box 67DschangCameroon Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of DschangP.O.Box 222DschangCameroon Department of Mining and Mineral Engineering National Higher Polytechnic InstituteUniversity of BamendaP.O.Box 39BambiliCameroon Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of YaoundeIP.O.Box 812Yaounde´Cameroon Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of NgaoundereP.O.Box 454NgaoundereCameroun

The Mamfe Basin has been the subject of many studies,but some debates persist,especially concerning the stratigraphic nomenclature,corundum origin,and marine transgression.The aims of this work are(1)to propose a new lithostratigraphic nomenclature of the Mamfe Basin formation based on new field observations,(2)to determine the source rock distribution and the origin of gem deposits and(3)to correlate the Cameroon section of the Mamfe Basin with the Nigerian deposits.The main results show that the name Manyu River Group is more appropriate as the Manyu River crosses all the facies in the Mamfe sedimentary Basin belonging to the Manyu Division.According to the facies analysis,the age of deposition,the mineralogic and geochemical data such as the V vs.Al2O3andΣREE vs.Al_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2)MgO,Na_(2)O,P_(2)O_(5),and CaO diagrams,this Group is composed of at least five Formations,including four Cretaceous Formations,from bottom to top:the Etoko Formation(alluvial and fluvial channel to fluvio-lacustrine deposits),the Nfaitok Formation(lagoonal deposits),the Bachuo Ntai Formation(fluvial braided channels or fluvio-deltaic environment)and the Eyumojock/NsanaragatiFormation(fluvio-lacustrine deposits)and the new Cenozoic Formation named Bakebe Formation(fluvio-lacustrine deposits).The gem minerals such as corundum,rutile,or tourmaline in the Cretaceous deposits of the Mamfe Basin are mainly detrital as indicated by the presence of worn shapes and fragments of these minerals.The presence of sapphire in the AlboCenomanian deposits indicates a Precambrian age of the felsic source rock,likely the plutonic rocks such as granite or pegmatite as indicated by the abundance of tourmaline and high LREE/HREE ratios(14.81–34.29)and slightly negative and positive Eu anomalies(0.85–1.15).This marine incursion in the Mamfe Basin was probably from West Nigeria,according to the geographic location of the Mamfe Basin and the general palaeogeographic evolution of the Benue Trough.

关键词： Lithostratigraphy Marine transgression Heavy minerals Sapphires Mamfe Basin Benue Trough

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