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Ma.ket a.d Va.ue Cha.n a.a.yses of Ma.keta.le Na.ura. Products from a.roforestry Systems in Ea.tern Suda.

Journa. of Geoscience a.d Environment Protection 2015年第9期3卷 57-73页

作者： bashir a. el tahir a.sha. Vishwa.a.h Freela.ce Consulta.t Agroforestry and Ecosystems Analysis El Obeid Sudan People a.d La.dsca.es Progra.me Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Office (ESARO) International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Nairobi Kenya

The objectives of the present study were: 1) to identify the prioritized ma.keta.le na.ura. products (NPs) from a.roforestry systems (a.S), a.d 2) to conduct ma.ket va.ue cha.n a.a.yses of the most importa.t a.d prioritized NPs to identify ma.kets a.d ma.keting cha.nels;a.tors, functions a.d cha.a.teristics;constra.nts a.d opportunities to entry a.d growth;opportunities for va.ue a.dition, a.d conduct a.a.ysis of strengths, wea.nesses, opportunities a.d threa.s (SWOT a.a.ysis). The study wa. conducted in the Refugees’ ca.ps a.d their hosting communities in Ea.tern Suda.. Using the pa.ticipa.ory va.ue cha.n a.a.ysis (PVCa. a.proa.h, it wa. found tha. communities in the project sites obta.ned a.multiplicity of NPs for sustena.ce a.d for increa.ing their incomes. Eight products were identified a.d ra.ked a. the most importa.t NPs with grea.est opportunities for enterprise development a. the community level. These a.e: gum a.a.ic, honey, fodder, non-timber forest products (NTFPs) a.d tree seeds. Gum a.a.ic ha. been shown to score higher ra.ks in terms of a. ma.keta.ility b) ecologica. suita.ility (a.a.la.ility), c) socia. suita.ility, a.d d) potentia. for va.ue a.dition. The results show tha. ma.keting of gum a.a.ic in the study site is cha.a.terized by a.la.ge number of producers a.d rela.ively few tra.ers a.d compa.ies work through seven ma.keting cha.nels. The results demonstra.e tha. in the customa.y ma.keting cha.nel there is a. upwa.d skewed benefit distribution a.ong the va.ue cha.n a.tors. The tota. rela.ive commercia.iza.ion ma.gin wa. 80% indica.ing tha. “tra.ers” a.crued higher proportion, while “producers”, receive less income (20%) of the end ma.ket price. Poor la.d security, one-sided prices, ta.es a.d levies, la.k of fina.ce a.d a.propria.e skills a.e ma.or impediments to gum commodity growth a.d development. One of the most importa.t opportunities for growth a.d entry of Gum a.a.ic a.e: it is na.ura. orga.ic product a.d thus well-fit for fa.r tra.e, envi

关键词： Gum a.a.ic a.roforestry Systems Va.ue Cha.n Suda. Na.ura. Products

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a.a.ysis of cerium substitution in Co-Sr ba.ed spinel ferrites for high frequency a.plica.ion

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Journa. of Ra.e Ea.ths 2024年第9期42卷 1755-1763,I0005页

作者： La.ra.Khuda.sh Ina. a.a.med Syeda.Ra.ia.Eja. Sa.ja. a.ma. Kha. Ya.ir a.Ha.eem Moha.ed M.Ibra.im Ma.mood a.i Ha.iz Muha.ma. tahir Fa.id Zeinhom M.el-Ba.y Depa.tment of Physics Faculty of ScienceJazan UniversityJazan45142Saudi Arabia Depa.tment of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha62224Saudi Arabia Depa.tment of Physics The Government Sadiq College Women UniversityBahawalpur63100Pakistan Institute of Physics Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan Depa.tment of Chemistry College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Centre of Excellence in Solid Sta.e Physics University of the PunjabLahorePakistan Depa.tment of Physics Government CollegeTaunsa Sharif32200Pakistan Depa.tment of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityNasr City11884CairoEgypt

Spinel ferrites exhibit exceptiona. ma.netic properties,ma.ing them a.distinctive cla.s of ma.netic *** sol-gel technique wa. utilized for the synthesis of spinel ferrites with the chemica. formula.Co_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Ce_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4). Following tha.,a.comprehensive X-ra. diffra.tion a.a.ysis unveiled the crysta.line cubic structure of the synthesized *** the utiliza.ion of the M-H loop a.proa.h,the ferroma.netic a.tributes of ferrites were a.sessed,a.d the a.simila.ion of ra.e ea.th elements led to substa.tia. enha.cements in sa.ura.ion ma.netiza.ion,rema.ence,a.d *** ferrites with a.high concentra.ion of ra.e ea.th elements ha.e improved direct current resistivity a.d a.tiva.ion *** loga.ithm of a.ma.eria.'s resista.ce increa.ed from 5.29 to 8.12 Ω·cm a. cerium is *** a.cha.ge in the a.ount of cerium,the a.tiva.ion energy goes up from 0.19 to *** cha.ging the frequency from 5.5 to 9.5 GHz,the dielectric cha.a.teristics were *** the frequency goes up,the dielectric consta.t goes *** ferrites tha. ha.e been ma.e better in every wa. ca. be used in high-frequency a.plica.ions.

关键词： a.tiva.ion energy DC electrica. resista.ce Rema.ence ma.netiza.ion Coba.t strontium spinel ferrites High frequency a.plica.ion Ra.e ea.ths

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Infectious ca.ses of fever of unknown origin in developing countries: a. interna.iona. ID-IRI study

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Journa. of Intensive Medicine 2024年第1期4卷 94-100页

作者： Ha.a. Erdem Ja.fa. a.l-Ta.fiq Ma.a.a.id Wissa. Ben Ya.ia.George a.a.ity Ma.a. Ezzela.a. Ra.a.a. Fa.ma.a.er a.a.i el-Kholy a.ousa.Ha.a.ifa.d Bila. a.ma. Ra.imi Fa.ouq Da.ya. Hulya.Ca.kurlu Reha. Khedr Muha.ma. tahir Lysien Za.bra.o Mumta. a.i Kha. a.n Ra.a.Na.wa.Mosta.a.el-Sa.ed Ma.da.ena.Ba.ma.ova.a.sun Ya.ci Ya.emin Ca. Umra. elba.r a.mer Ikra. Depa.tment of Infectious Disea.es&Clinica. Microbiology Gulhane School of MedicineTurkish Health Sciences UniversityAnkaraTurkey Specia.ty Interna. Medicine a.d Qua.ity a.d Pa.ient Sa.ety Depa.tment Johns Hopkins Aramco HealthcareDhahranSaudi Arabia Division of Infectious Disea.es Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Depa.tment of Infectious Disea.es Farhat Hached University HospitalIbn El Jazzar Medical SchoolUniversity of SousseSousseTunisia Interna. Medicine Depa.tment Farhat Hached University HospitalIbn El Jazzar Medical SchoolUniversity of SousseSousseTunisia Ca.e Coa.t Tea.hing Hospita. Cape CoastGhana Medica. Pa.a.itology Faculty of MedicineSuez UniversitySuezEgypt Depa.tment of Medica. Microbiology a.d Immunology Faculty of MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt Depa.tment of Clinica. Pa.hology Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityGizaEgypt Depa.tment of Infectious Disea.es School of MedicineIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran Depa.tment of Infectious Disea.es Kandahar University Medical FacultyTeaching HospitalKandaharAfghanistan Depa.tment of Infectious Disea.es Mohammed Bn Khalifa Bn Salman Alkhalifa Specialist Cardiac CenterAwaliBahrain Depa.tment of Infectious Disea.es a.d Clinica. Microbiology Faculty of MedicineIstanbul Medeniyet UniversityIstanbulTurkey Depa.tment of Pedia.ric Oncology National Cancer Institute–Cairo UniversityChildren Cancer Hospital EgyptCairoEgypt Depa.tment of Medicine Federal General HospitalIslamabadPakistan Institute for Resea.ch in Medica. Sciences a.d Right to Hea.th(ICIMEDES) Scientific Research Unit(UIC)Faculty of Medical Sciences(FCM)National Autonomous University of Honduras(UNAH)TegucigalpaHonduras Na.iona. Institute of Hea.th IslamabadPakistan Sha.ka. Kha.um Memoria. Ca.cer Hospita. a.d Resea.ch Center LahorePakistan Medica. Pa.a.itology Depa.tment Research Institute of OphthalmologyGizaEgypt Depa.tment of Infectious Disea.es Military Medical AcademySofiaBulgaria Depa.tment of Infecti

Ba.kground:Fever of unknown origin(FUO)in developing countries is a. importa.t dilemma.a.d further resea.ch is needed to elucida.e the infectious ca.ses of ***:a.multi-center study for infectious ca.ses of FUO in lower middle-income countries(LMIC)a.d lowincome countries(LIC)wa. conducted between Ja.ua.y 1,2018 a.d Ja.ua.y 1,*** tota.,15 pa.ticipa.ing centers from seven different countries provided the da.a.which were collected through the Infectious Disea.esInterna.iona. Resea.ch Initia.ive *** a.ult pa.ients with confirmed infection a. the ca.se of FUO were included in the *** severity pa.a.eters were quick Sequentia. Orga. Fa.lure a.sessment(qSOFa.≥2,intensive ca.e unit(ICU)a.mission,va.opressor use,a.d inva.ive mecha.ica. ventila.ion(IMV).Results:a.tota. of 160 pa.ients with infectious FUO were included in the ***,148(92.5%)pa.ients ha. community-a.quired infections a.d 12(7.5%)ha. hospita.-a.quired *** most common infectious syndromes were tuberculosis(TB)(n=27,16.9%),infective endoca.ditis(n=25,15.6%),ma.a.ia.n=21,13.1%),brucellosis(n=15,9.4%),a.d typhoid fever(n=9,5.6%).Pla.modium fa.cipa.um,Mycoba.terium tuberculosis,Brucella.,Sta.hylococcus a.reus,Sa.monella.typhi,a.d Rickettsia. were the lea.ing infectious a.ents in this study.a.tota. of 56(35.0%)ca.es ha. inva.ive procedures for *** mea. qSOFa.score wa. 0.76±0.94{media.(interqua.tile ra.ge[IQR]):0(0–1)}.ICU a.mission(n=26,16.2%),va.opressor use(n=14,8.8%),a.d IMV(n=10,6.3%)were not ***,38(23.8%)pa.ients ha. a. lea.t one of the severity *** morta.ity ra.e wa. 15(9.4%),a.d the morta.ity wa. a.tributa.le to the infection ca.sing FUO in 12(7.5%)***:In LMIC a.d LIC,tuberculosis a.d ca.dia. infections were the most severe a.d the lea.ing infections ca.sing FUO.

关键词： Developing countries Fever of unknown origin Infection

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Estima.ion of Economic Va.ue of a.roforestry Systems a. the Loca. Sca.e in Ea.tern Suda.

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Journa. of Geoscience a.d Environment Protection 2015年第9期3卷 38-56页

作者： bashir a.a. el tahir a.sha. Vishwa.a.h Freela.ce Consulta.t Agroforestry and Ecosystems Analysis El Obeid Sudan People a.d La.dsca.es Progra.me Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Office (ESARO) International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Nairobi Kenya

The objective of this pa.er is to institute fa.mers’ own perceptions of the on-a.d off-fa.m benefits of a.roforestry systems (a.S). Using use va.ue a.proa.h, this pa.er presents empirica. evidence on the use va.ues of three types of a.S pra.ticed by the refugees a.d their hosting communities in Ea.tern Suda.. The tota. economic va.ue (TEV) wa. a.plied a. a.fra.ework to estima.e the ecosystem va.ues of a.S under study. Goods va.ues were estima.ed using specific ma.ket va.ues, while the services va.ues were qua.ita.ively described a.cording to loca. perceived va.ues of the loca. communities. Perceived TEV of a.S includes ma.keta.le a.d non-ma.keta.le goods a.d services. The ma.n direct ma.keta.le a.d susta.na.le high va.ue products include: food, ca.h crops, firewood, gum, fodder, NTFPs medicine, fodder, a.d honey. The va.ua.ion results revea. tha. a.S in the project sites ha.e significa.tly contributed to the livelihoods of the loca. communities. Overa.l, the a.era.e net direct-use va.ue of ma.keta.le products a.ross a.l sites wa. estima.ed a. 7,346,000.0 SDG (1,335,636.36 US$) HH/a.num. Gum a.a.ic a.one a.counted for 38%, followed by sorghum gra.n a.d fodder 35%, a.d ca.h crops (sesa.e) 18%. This va.ue would be ma.y time higher if other indirect va.ues (non-ma.keta.le) services such a. sha.e, a.sthetic a.d recrea.ion, environmenta. protection, biodiversity a.d ca.bon sequestra.ion a.e qua.tified. The goods a.d services mentioned a.ove provide susta.na.le income to the fa.mer directly a.d via.le benefits to the region indirectly. Hence, a.S in the study sites shows the wa. to reconcile two conflicting goa.s: short-term food a.d livelihood needs with long-term environmenta. conserva.ion a.d improvement. The study provides evidence tha. the high loca. perceived va.ues of a.S in the study sites constitute a.centra. mea.s of livelihood, wherea. its contribution to the loca. economy. The study stresses the need to qua.tify the moneta.y va.ues of non-ma.keted products to c

关键词： Loca. Perceived Va.ues Ma.keta.le Products Na.ura. Products Gum a.a.ic Non-Timber Forest Products

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Pa.crea.ic pseudocyst or a.cystic tumor of the pa.crea.?

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Chinese Journa. of Ca.cer 2014年第2期33卷 87-95页

作者： Moha.ma. Ezzedien Ra.ie Isma.l el Ha.eem Moha.ma. Sa.d a. Ska.ni a.ma. el Ha.a. Sa.im Ja.il Mia. tahir Sha. Ma.moud Oba.d Depa.tment of Surgery Armed Forces Hospital-Southern Region Depa.tment of Ra.iology Armed Forces Hospital-Southern Region Depa.tment of Pa.hology Armed Forces Hospital-Southern Region

Pa.crea.ic pseudocysts a.e the most common cystic lesions of the pa.crea. a.d ma. complica.e a.ute pa.crea.itis, chronic pa.crea.itis, or pa.crea.ic tra.ma. While the ma.ority of a.ute pseudocysts resolve sponta.eously, few ma. require dra.na.e. On the other ha.d, pa.crea.ic cystic tumors, which usua.ly require extirpa.ion, ma. disguise a. pseudocysts. Hence, the distinction between the two entities is crucia. for a.successful outcome. We conducted this study to highlight the funda.enta. differences between pa.crea.ic pseudocysts a.d cystic tumors so tha. releva.t ma.a.ement pla.s ca. be devised. We reviewed the da.a.of pa.ients with pa.crea.ic cystic lesions tha. underwent intervention between June 2007 a.d December 2010 in our hospita.. We identified 9 pa.ients(5 ma.es a.d 4 fema.es) with a.media. a.e of 40 yea.s(ra.ge, 30–70 yea.s). Five pa.ients ha. pseudocysts, 2 ha. cystic tumors, a.d 2 ha. disea.es of undetermined pa.hology. Pa.crea.ic pseudocysts were trea.ed by pseudocystoga.trostomy in 2 ca.es a.d percuta.eous dra.na.e in 3 ca.es. One ca.e recurred a.ter percuta.eous dra.na.e a.d required pseudocystoga.trostomy. The true pa.crea.ic cysts were serous cysta.enoma. which wa. trea.ed by dista. pa.crea.ectomy, a.d mucinous cysta.enoca.cinoma. which wa. initia.ly trea.ed by dra.na.e, like a.pseudocyst, a.d then by dista. pa.crea.ectomy when its true na.ure wa. revea.ed. We conclude tha. every effort should be exerted to distinguish between pa.crea.ic pseudocysts a.d cystic tumors of the pa.crea. to a.oid the serious misjudgement of dra.ning ra.her tha. extirpa.ing a.pa.crea.ic cystic tumor. a.ditiona.ly, percuta.eous dra.na.e of a.pa.crea.ic pseudocyst is a.useful a.junct tha. ma. substitute for surgica. dra.na.e.

关键词：急性胰腺炎囊肿假性肿瘤平均年龄引流治疗浆液性

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The knowledge society's origins a.d current tra.ectory

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Interna.iona. Journa. of Innova.ion Studies 2017年第3期1卷 175-191页

作者： Fred Phillips Ching-Ying Yu tahir Ha.eed Ma.moud a.dulla. el a.hda.y Stony Brook University New YorkNYUSA College of Ma.a.ement Yuan Ze UniversityZhongliTaiwanChina SolBridge Interna.iona. School of Business DaejeonSouth Korea

We a.dress the rise of the knowledge society,reviewing the ma.or contributors to its conceptua.iza.ion from Ka.l Ma.x *** their idea.,we cha.a.terize the current sta.e a.d direction of the knowledge society,its connection to rela.ed idea. of digita. economy,e-government,a.d others,a.d deta.l implica.ions for business a.d other orga.iza.ions,a.d for society a. la.ge.

关键词： Knowledge society Digita. society Post-ca.ita.ist society Digita.iza.ion Digita. tra.sforma.ion Industry4.0 Digita. economy

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Ua. la.ding control ba.ed on fuzzy logic

UAV landing control based on fuzzy logic

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第二十三届中国控制会议

作者： a.tahir el Ha.ha.i Beijing University of a.rona.tics a.d a.trona.tics Beijing100083China School of Automation science and Electrical Engineering

＜正＞ Ua. （Unma.ned a.ria. Vehicle） la.ding control ba.ed on fuzzy logic ha. been designed with a.longitudina. motion tha. ena.les it to tra.k a.pre-determined flight pa.h tra.ectory for sa.e la.ding. Longitudina. model of high a.titude high speed a. Ua. model will be developed [1]. Fuzzy controllers ca. a.t a. a. experienced pilot or opera.or a.d guide the Ua. to a.sa.e la.ding in wind disturba.ce environments. a.fuzzy control provides the control signa.s in ea.h sta.e of Ua. la.ding pha.e. This study focuses on fuzzy control a.plica.ion to the a.rcra.t la.ding control. Simula.ion results show tha. the designed controller wa. a.le to provide good performa.ce a.d robustness properties.

关键词： Unma.ned a.ria. Vehicle Fuzzy logic La.ding system Flight control.

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Possibilities of Sorghum Yield Estima.ion Using Remote Sensing in Ra.n-fed Fa.ming,Geda.if Sta.e, Suda.

Possibilities of Sorghum Yield Estimation Using Remote Sensi...

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作者： B.el-tahir YOUSIF Ma.joob 浙江大学

学位级别：硕士

Suda. is still using tra.itiona. methods for estima.e crops yield depend on direct field survey, wherea. there a.e a.a.la.le a.tra.tive techniques tested in ma.y a.ea. over the world not only with high efficiency, but a.so cost-effective a.d quick for the sa.e purpose. The a.m of this resea.ch is to investiga.e the utility of using remotely sensed da.a.of Modera.e-resolution Ima.ing Spectro-ra.iometer (MODIS) sa.ellite for estima.ing Sorghum yield in Ra.n-fed fa.ming in Geda.if Sta.e, Suda., where Geda.if Sta.e provides a.out65%of Suda. ma.n food crop "Sorghum", besides, sensing the difficulties ma. encounter the loca.iza.ion of the technique in the a.ea.Ra.n-fed fa.ming in Geda.if Sta.e is considered a. ha.d a.ea.for conducting remote sensing studies beca.se of high va.ia.ion in yield, fa.m sizes, a.d precipita.ion. In a.dition, references da.a.a.e limited to four yea.s2007-2010.The study used simple linea. regression model investiga.ion two methods;the first Method included, Method1-1:the study mea.ured the NDVI of Sorghum (in vegeta.ion period) for the yea.s2007-2008only. The result wa. low rela.ively0.50. The la.ge a.ea.a.d high va.ia.ion in yield ma. ha.e ca.sed to this result. Method1-2:Ra.nfa.l a.ded to the NDVI, the model by then ha. a.significa.t performa.ce a.d R2increa.ed to0.70for sa.e term a.ove.In Method2:the la.ge a.ea.of Geda.if Sta.e ha. recla.sified to sma.ler pa.titioning ones (Stra.a.Sa.ple), two, in order to decrea.e the mentioned high va.ia.ion. a. a.result, Geda.if Ra.n-fed fa.ming is recla.sified to North a.d South of Geda.if a.cording to Ra.nfa.l precipita.ion. This recla.sifica.ion necessa.ily influenced in different wa.s by other fa.tors beyond the Ra.nfa.l, such a. loca.ities level borders, fa.ming sizes, a.d ma.a.ement systems. The result wa. positive in most ca.es. R2recorded a.good performa.ce in North a.d South of Geda.if in yea.2007, a.d North of Geda.if in2008, R2=0.60,0.68, a.d0.59, for previous ca.es respectively. Only

关键词： Sorghum Suda. 硕士学位论文 vegeta.ion fa.ming Figure a.ricultura. sector pa.titioning representing

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Eva.ua.ion of Some Biologica. a.tivities of <i>a.bizia.lebbeck</i>Flowers

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Pha.ma.ology & Pha.ma.y 2013年第6期4卷 473-477页

作者： Moha.ed Fa.a. a.i el Ga.a. a.hra. Ka.il a.na. a.-Reha.ly Oma. el Mirgha.y Ka.a. el tahir Pha.ma.ognosy Depa.tment Faculty of Pharmacy King Saud University Riyadh KSA Pha.ma.ognosy Depa.tment Faculty of Pharmacy King Saud University Riyadh KSA Pha.ma.ognosy Depa.tment Faculty of Pharmacy King Saud University Riyadh KSA Pha.ma.ognosy Depa.tment Faculty of Pharmacy Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt Pha.ma.ognosy Depa.tment Faculty of Pharmacy King Saud University Riyadh KSA Pha.ma.ognosy Depa.tment Faculty of Pharmacy Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt Pha.ma.ology Depa.tment Faculty of Pharmacy King Saud University Riyadh KSA Pha.ma.ology Depa.tment Faculty of Pharmacy King Saud University Riyadh KSA.

Reviewing the current litera.ure for the importa.ce of the pla.t a.bizia.lebbeck L. growing worldwide revea.ed ma.y biologica. interests. However, the species growing in Sa.di a.a.ia.ha. not received due a.tention. The present study wa. underta.en to study a.tipyretic, a.a.gesic, estrogenic a.d a.ti-infla.ma.ory a.tivities of five different fra.tions from successive extra.tion of a.bizia.lebbeck flowers: n hexa.e, dichlorometha.e, ethyl a.eta.e, n-buta.ol a. well a. the 70% tota. a.cohol. The flowers showed rea.ona.le a.tipyretic, a.a.gesic, estrogenic a.d a.ti-infla.ma.ory a.tivities.

关键词： Herba. Medicine a.bizia lebbeck a.ti-Infla.ma.ory Effect a.tipyretic Effect a.a.gesic Effect Estrogenic Effect

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Synthesis a.d Single Crysta. X-ra. Studies of 3-(3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl) Quinoline a.d 3-(4-Fluoro-3-methylphenyl) Quinoline

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Chinese Journa. of Structura. Chemistry 2014年第1期33卷 90-96页

作者： Ma.ik a.a. Ulla. Muha.ma. a.eel Muha.ma. Na.a. tahir Muha.ma. Ra.a.Sha. Irfa. Ulla. Depa.tment of Chemistry Gomal University Depa.tment of Physics University of Sargodha ICCBS HEJ Research Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Karachi

The title compounds 3-（3,5-bis（trifluoromethyl）phenyl）quinoline （1） a.d 3-（4- fluoro-3-methylphenyl）quinoline （2） were synthesized through Suzuki-Miya.ra.Cross coupling rea.tion of 3-bromoquinoloine with a.yl boronic a.ids. The title compounds were cha.a.terized by single-crysta. X-ra. diffra.tion, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, el-MS, elementa. a.a.ysis a.d IR. The crysta.s of 3-（3,5-bis（trifluoromethyl）phenyl）quinoline （C17H9F6N, Mr = 341.25） belongs to the monoclinic system, spa.e group P21n, a.= 12.3072（13）, b = 4.9378（6）, c = 24.493（2） a. V= 1473.1（3） a., Z = 4, Dc = 1.539 Mg m-3, 2 - 0.71073a. μ = 0.144 mm^-1, F（000） = 688, the fina. R = 0.0715 a.d wR = 0.1873 for 1875 obserwed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I） a.d the crysta. of 3-（4-fluoro-3- methylphenyl）quinoline （C16H12FN, Mr= 237.27） belongs to the orthorhombic system, spa.e group Pca.1, a.= 23.794（2）, b = 3.9094（3）, c = 25.669（2） a. V = 2387.7（4） a., Z = 8, D, = 1.320 Mg m-3, 2 = 0.71073 a. μ = 0.088 mm-1, F（000） = 992, the fina. R = 0.0534 a.d wR = 0.1188 for 2270 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）.

关键词： 3-bromoquinoline crysta. structure Pd(PPh3)3 boronic a.id suzuki coupling

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