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Stewart-Treves syndrome angiosarcoma expresses phenotypes of both blood and lymphatic capillaries

Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第2期126卷 231-237页

作者： Marek Stanczyk Magdalena Gewartowska Marcin Swierkowski bartlomiej grala Marek Maruszynski Department of General Oncologic and Vascular Surgery MilitaryHealth Service Institute Warsaw Poland Department of Surgery Wolski Hospital Warsaw Poland Department of Surgical Research and Transplantology MedicalResearch Center Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland

Background The development of angiosarcoma in oedematous tissue is referred to as Stewart-Treves syndrome （STS）. This rare and fatal complication is associated with chronic post mastectomy lymphoedema and radiotherapy for breast cancer. Angiosarcoma spread is facilitated by the formation of blood vessels （angiogenesis） and lymph vessels （lymphangiogenesis）. In the future antiangiogenic therapy may improve the poor outcome of current treatments. There was evidence that blocking the angiogenenesis would inhibit progression of angiosarcoma. It seems reasonable to hypothesize that blocking the lymphangiogenesis may yield similar results. Although angiosarcomas commonly derive from blood vessels, in case of STS angiosarcomas chronic lymphoedema may suggest its lymphatic origin. The goal of this study was to visualize interstitial space and lymphatics in the central and peripheral regions of STS angiosarcoma. Methods On tissue samples obtained from STS angiosarcoma we have performed： first colour stereoscopic lymphography to visualise the morphology of lymphatic vessels and extracellular spaces, second immunohistochemical staining specific for lymphatic vessels endothelium （LYVE-1） and blood endothelial cells （CD31, factor VIII） and prolymphangiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF-C） for precise identification of lymphatic endothelia. STS angiosarcoma morphology was assessed by comparison of pictures obtained on lymphography, microscopy and confocal microscopy. Results STS angiosarcomas present heterogenous morphology with areas dominated by hemangiosarcoma and lymphangiosarcoma structures. STS angiosarcoma expressed phenotypes of both blood and lymphatic endothelia. LYVE-1 and VEGF-C is expressed by STS angiosarcoma and may be used to discriminate tumour differentiation. Morphology of lymphatic vessels and spaces in the tumour suggest absence of their normal lymphatic function. Conclusions Our results confirmed both hemangio- and lymphangiogenic origin of STS

关键词： Stewart-Treves syndrome, angiosarcoma lymphangiosarcoma lymphangiogenesis

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Analysis of the Influence of New Usages on the State of Conservation of Historical Buildings through Microclimate Characterization

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2017年第2期11卷 159-174页

作者： Mariana Estima Silva Ariela da Silva Torres Eduardo grala da Cunha Isabel Tourinho Salamoni Postgraduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism Federal Institute of Science and Technological Education~FederalUniversity of Pelotas Pelotas 96010-020 Brazil Laboratory of Comfort and Energy Efficiency Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas96010-020 Brazil

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Thermal Bridges Impact on Energy Consumption in Residential Buildings Considering the Brazilian Bioclimatic Zoning

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2016年第10期10卷 1114-1130页

作者： Eduardo grala da Cunha Julye Ramalho de Freitas Beatriz Echenique Gioielli Rodrigo Karini Leitzke Letiane Beninca Laboratory of Comfort and Energy Efficiency Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas96010-020 Brazil Computer Science Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas 96010-020 Brazil IMED Meridional College Passo Fundo 99070-220 Brazil

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Analysis of the Impact of Photovoltaic Glasses in Daylighting and Thermoenergetic Performances in an Office Room

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2021年第2期15卷 88-102页

作者： Ludimila Mallmann Schmalfuss Roseana Bonotto Ruivo Celina Maria Britto Correa Isabel Torinho Salamoni Eduardo grala da Cunha Post-Graduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism Federal University of PelotasPelotasRS 96010-610Brazil

Contemporary office buildings have been calling attention for intense use of glass on their faç*** way,glazed areas in such buildings may favor the access to natural light and contribute to power generation through photovoltaic ***,the application of STPV(Semi-Transparent Photovoltaic)may interfere with the building’s energy performance and good use of ***,this work aims to assess daylighting and thermoenergetic performances in an office room located in southern Brazil,with different types of STPV applied to the building’s *** study was carried out through computer simulation,integrating software’s Rhinoceros with DIVA plugin and *** have shown that the application of STPV with proper transparency percentage provides access to daylighting and increases visual comfort for occupants,and also contributes to the building’s energy balance,as it may save from 9.6%to 28%in *** use,in the climatic context analyzed,has boosted energy consumption for cooling and for artificial lighting;however,photovoltaic generation was higher and thus compensated for the increase caused by the system.

关键词： Energy efficiency STPV façades computer simulation lighting performance thermoenergetic performance

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Analysis of Thermal Bridge Impact in a Hotel Building for the Eight Brazilian Bioclimatic Zones

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2015年第4期9卷 393-400页

作者： Eduardo grala da Cunha Beatriz Echenique Gioielli DTC (Department of Construction Technology) Architecture Faculty Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas 96020-240 Brazil

This article aims to present an analysis of the influence of thermal bridges on reinforced concrete structural systems regarding energy performance of the envelope of a commercial building located in the bioclimatic zones 1 to 8 in Brazil, using computer simulation. The method used to achieve this goal includes the following steps: (1) definition and configuration of the base case; (2) definition and configuration of the reference model; (3) optimization of energy modeling; (4) energy modeling and comparison of consumption between the base case and the reference model. Main results showed that thermal bridges in reinforced concrete interfere on the building"s energy performance and that the impact is related to the WWR (window-to-wall ratio) on the building. For hotel buildings with WWR from 30% to 45%, thermal bridges imply a decrease in estimated consumption, which can reach 10%, depending on the bioclimatic zone. For 60% WWR, the non-consideration of thermal bridges can represent up to 5% of increase in estimated consumption, depending on the Brazilian bioclimatic zone.

关键词：气候区热桥生物巴西钢筋混凝土大厦酒店结构体系

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Evaluation of Daylighting and Thermo-EnergeticPerformance in Administrative Building in the South ofBrazil

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2020年第1期14卷 20-36页

作者： Paula Wrague Moura Celina Maria Britto Correa Eduardo grala da Cunha Federal University of Rio Grande Rio GrandeRS 96203-900Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Architecture and Urbanism Federal University of PelotasPelotasRS 96010-610Brazil

Daylight is a fundamental element to obtain built environments that promote environmental comfort and energy efficiency. However, strategies that enhance the building daylight performance can affect its thermal energetic performance. In this sense, research that addresses these aspects at the same time is considered essential. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the daylighting and thermal-energetic performance of administrative environments in a public institution, and to propose strategies that will enhance the use of daylight and lower energy consumption. Therefore, for future projects, and considering new buildings, and retrofit, this research will be an important reference. The research was developed through a case study of an administrative building model, in which the characteristics of solar orientation, light shelf use, glass type, and light and dark colors in walls were modified and combined, deriving it into models proposed. The daylighting performance evaluations were performed through dynamic simulation with the Rhinoceros for Diva software, and the thermal-energetic performance evaluations with the EnergyPlus software. The results of the work showed that a suitable solar orientation has a great impact on the automation of daylight and the energy consumption of the evaluated models, followed by the type of glass and the use of the light colors in internal walls, and that the use of artificial lighting with dimerization is fundamental as a complement to the daylight autonomy. For the boundary conditions of the study, the use of light shelves modified neither the daylight performance nor the thermal-energetic performance of the evaluated models.

关键词： Daylighting daylight performance thermal-energetic performance administrative environments.

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Sensibility Analysis of the Brazilian Standards for Energy Efficiency Regarding the Variation of Internal Load Density in Office Buildings in Brazilian Bioclimatic Zones 1 and 7

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2016年第1期10卷 22-36页

作者： Mariane Pinto Brandalise Eduardo grala da Cunha Larissa Cristina de Oliveira Laboratory of Comfort and Energy Efficiency Architecture and Urbanism Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas 96010-020 Brazil

The RTQ-C (Technical Requirements of Quality for the Energy Performance Level of Commercial Buildings) publication classified the buildings in five efficiency levels. In RTQ-C, the evaluation can be done with two methods: a prescriptive method and a simulation one. This paper aims to identify the sensibility of the prescriptive method RTQ-C regarding the variation of equipment internal load density in office buildings in bioclimatic Zones 1 and 7 of the Brazilian bioclimatic zoning. The research results show that the building with walls and roof configured to meet specific prerequisites for energy efficiency Levels B and C had a lower consumption than buildings that meet the prerequisites to Level A. The study also showed that buildings with high internal load density of equipment, maximum shape factor and high, with walls and roofs with higher thermal transmittance, have lower power consumption than constructions with an envelope with greater thermal resistance. The increase in internal load density causes an increase in the internal heat generated by the large amount of equipment. In buildings with higher thermal insulation (Level A), the internal heat is maintained in the environment, causing overheating and the need for an air conditioning system.

关键词：敏感性分析能源效率负荷密度气候区划密度变化巴西写字楼标准

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Evaluation of Thermal Comfort Level in Social Interest Housing with Earth Tubes for the Brazilian Bioclimatic Zones 1, 2 and 7

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2015年第10期9卷 1244-1251页

作者： Raquel Ramos Silveira da Mota Giacomo Orlando Veiga Baptista Livia Winkel Fernandes Eduardo grala da Cunha Post-graduation Program in Architecture and Urbanism Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas 96010-020 Brazil Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas 96010-020 Brazil

The expansion of social housing in Brazil is solving the great demand among low-income populations. However, these projects are not considering climatic factors and thermal comfort strategies. There is a standardization of architectural projects, which leads to the user discomfort. Bioclimatic solutions that improve the thermal performance of buildings should be valued in the projects of buildings. This paper presents a comparative study noticing the thermal comfort provided by a earth tube ventilation system with a natural ventilation system based in the opening of the windows. In this study, three Brazilian bioclimatic zones defined by NBR (Brazilian Standard) 15220 (2005), Zone 1 (Curitiba), 2 (Camaqu?) and 7 (Cuiabá), were considered. To make this comparison, computer simulation was used to observe the thermal confort conditions in RTQ-R (Quality Technical Standard for Energy Efficiency Level in Residential Buildings) (2010), with the help of Energy Plus software and Schektch Up with the plug in Open Studio for modeling the residence. After the energy modeling, the results were analyzed with the Analisys Bio software in order to obtain the percentage of hours of comfort for the year (8,760 h). The conclusion is drawn that the natural ventilation strategy with the opening and closing of the windows is more efficient in Bioclimatic Zone 1. For the Bioclimatic Zone 2, the earth tubes should be used only in the summer and, in Bioclimatic Zone 7, earth tubes are efficient throughout the year because of the high temperatures in the exterior environment.

关键词：热舒适性社会利益气候区巴西球管住宅自然通风系统 Windows

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Verification of the Passive House Concept to the South of Brazil Climate

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2016年第8期10卷 937-945页

作者： Renata Dalbem Stifany Knop Eduardo grala da Cunha Rui F. Oliveira Maria Femanda Rodrigues Romeu Vicente Laboratory of Comfort and Energy Efficiency Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas 96010-020 Brazil Civil Engineering Department University of Aveiro Aveiro 3810-193 Portugal

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Optimization of the Traditional Method for Creating a Weather Simulation file:The *** Case

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2018年第10期12卷 741-756页

作者： Rodrigo Karini Leitzke Carolina Machado Beltrame Julye Ramalho de Freitas Juliana Neumann Seixas Thalita dos Santos Maciel Eduardo grala da Cunha Paulo Afonso Rheingantz Energetic Comfort and Efficiency Lab Federal University of PelotasPelotas 96010-020Brazil

The basic assumption of an energy-efficient project is the proper relation with the local climatic *** analyse a building’s performance before its construction,it is necessary that the object to be designed is recreated in a virtual environment,to evaluate its thermal *** order to recreate this virtual environment,it is necessary to use computer programs,and that requires a file composed of a weather database organized hourly in a specific year and defined,in the case of this article,from a TRY(test reference year).The objective of this study is to prepare a weather file for the city of Pelotas,RS,*** research was structured in five *** the first stage,the TRY was *** the second stage,the necessary variables for the preparation of the weather file to be used in the programs EnergyPlus?and Design Builder?were created and *** the third stage,weather files were prepared *** *** *** the fourth stage,the weather file generated was simulated and compared with two other weather files belonging to the same bioclimatic *** the fifth and last stage,a typical day was elaborated for the city of *** a result,the importance of optimization of the EPW generation process based on algorithms was *** was also verified that although we have three nearby cities with similar characteristics,it is possible to have differences of simulation results when the appropriate weather file is not used.

关键词： Weather file TRY computer simulation environmental comfort architecture technology

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