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Antimicrobial Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Human Infections in N’Djamena, Chad

Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2023年第1期13卷 17-30页

作者： Ahmat Mahamat Ahmat Mahamat Ali Bolti Fissou Henry Yandai Hamit Mahamat Alio Martin-Paul Baane Mayoré Atéba Djibrine Evariste Bako Nicolas barro Choua Ouchemi Ecole Doctorale Sciences Techniques et Environnement Université de N’Djamena N’Djamena Tchad Centre Hospitalier Universitaire la Renaissance (CHU-R) N’Djamena Tchad Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Humaine Université de N’Djamena N’Djamena Tchad Institut de Recherche en Elevage pour le Développement (IRED) N’Djamena Tchad Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire d’Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus Transmissibles par les Aliments (LaBESTA) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Hôpital de la Caisse Nationale de Prévoyance Sociale Maroua Cameroun Institut National Supérieur du Sahara Iriba Tchad

Background: Urinary Tract infections and pus are major public health problems. The evolution of bacterial resistance to antibiotics makes the treatment of these infections problematic. This is why this study is undertaken to identify and evaluate the resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to antibiotics. Methods: This is a prospective study carried out from December 2020 to November 2021. The germs were isolated on the agar supplemented with cetrimide and identified by the API 20 NE gallery method according to the manufacturer’s protocol. The strains’ resistance profiles were determined by the diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton according to the criteria EUCAST- 2021. Results: A total of 46/1467 (3.13%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified, of which 29/1008 (2.87%) were urinary tract infections and 17/459 (3.70%) were pus. The high resistances were: 97.8% to ceftazidim, 91.3% to aztreonam, 93.5% to cefepim, 82.6% to piperacillin, 58.7% to levofloxacin, 52.2% to amikacin, 47.8% to tazobactam-piperacillin, 47.8% to tobramycin and 43.5% to ciprofloxacin. Low resistance was only 2.2% to fosfomycin, 2.2% to colistin and 15.2% to imipenem. Conclusion: This study reveals the considerable resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to commonly used antibiotics, and thus compromises the empirical treatment practiced in hospitals. This result motivates the need to carry out susceptibility testing of isolates before any prescription of antimicrobials.

关键词： Pseudomonas aeruginosa Resistance to Antibiotics Urine Pus N’Djamena

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HIV and Seroconversion among Pregnant Women at the University Hospital of Mother and Child in Chad

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第1期11卷 106-115页

作者： Fissou Henry Yandai Ali Mahamat Moussa Mahamat Ali Bolti Djidda Abakar Oumar Hissene Adanaou Khadidja Attimer Hamit Mahamat Alio Kuan Abdoulaye Traore Nicolas barro Institut de Recherche en Elevage pour le Développement (IRED) N’Djamena Tchad Centre Hospitalier Universitaire la Renaissance (CHU-R) N’Djamena Tchad Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire d’Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus Transmissibles par les Aliments (LaBESTA) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Humaine (FSSH) N’Djamena Tchad Laboratoire de Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre (LaSVT) Université Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso

Background: HIV in pregnant women presented a risk of transmission to newborns. This study was to determine HIV prevalence among pregnant women in the birthing rooms and give antiretrovirals to women infected and their newborns. Methods: A preliminary study was conducted from 2013 to 2015 at the Mother and Child Hospital. Pregnant women were counseled and tested for HIV-antibody according to the national algorithm using Determine HIV 1 & 2 and Immunocomb II Bispot HIV1 & 2. The women screened HIV-negative during the prenatal consultation and who accepted a second test were screened in the birth room. The data collected were processed using the Access Microsoft office 16 and SPSS software version 18. Results: A total of 6080 pregnant women were tested before and in the birth room. Of these, 5943 (97.4%) were detected as HIV-negative and 159 (2.6%) were HIV-positive. Of the 5943 with HIV-negative status, 1333 accepted the second test in the birth room, 10 of which have become HIV-positive. The rate of seroconversions was 0.75%. Conclusion: This study determined the prevalence of HIV in pregnant women. The result reveals the importance and necessity of repeating the screening test in the birth room because of the possibility of seroconversion or new infection during pregnancy.

关键词： HIV Prevalence Seroconversion Pregnancy Chad

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Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Delays in Breast Cancer

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2017年第4期7卷 455-463页

作者： Mamour Gueye Serigne Modou Kane Gueye Moussa Diallo Ousmane Thiam Aissatou Mbodji Aliou Diouf Khalifa Fall Youssou Toure Hadja Maimouna barro Daff Jean Charles Moreau Gynaecologic and Obstetric Clinic Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital Dakar Senegal

Objectives: The aim of our study was to investigate the relation of some sociodemographic factors and delays presentation in breast cancer. Patients and method: This was an observational study in Breast Unit of Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital in Dakar. Were included in the study all patients followed for breast cancer from January 2008 to December 2014. The following variables were selected and stratified: age, place of living, educational attainment, menopausal status, socioeconomic status and family history of breast cancer. For each variable, an association with the stage and presentation delay was assessed. Results: Two hundred and fifty nine (259) patients met the inclusion criteria. No correlation was found between the studied socio-demographic factors and delay. Negative history of family breast cancer was associated with presentation delay. The only factor associated with locally advanced breast cancer after adjusting confounding factors was low level of income. Conclusion: A significant percentage of women with breast cancer in Senegal are experiencing presentation delay. Coordinated efforts with public health department are needed to educate the focused groups and mitigate the barriers.

关键词： Breast Cancer Presentation Delay Stage Survival

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Opinions and Perceptions of Gynecologists and Midwives on the Use of the Intrauterine Device in Senegal

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第11期11卷 1484-1493页

作者： Hadja Maimouna barro Daff Khalifa Babacar Mansour Fall Youssoupha Touré Aïssatou Mbodji Moussa Diallo Abdoul Aziz Diouf Magatte Mbaye Khalifa Babacar Gueye Babacar Biaye Alassane Diouf Public Institution Aristide-Le Dantec Health Center Gynecological and Obstetric Clinic Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Phillipe Maguilene Senghor Center Yoff Senegal Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Pikine University Hospital Thiaroye Pikine Senegal

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the opinions of gynecologists, midwives, and interns/Specialist students practicing in Senegal about the use of IUD, and to assess factors that stand as obstacles to IUD prescribing. Patients and methods: An online questionnaire was developed to assess providers’ IUD practices and attitudes. The questionnaire was based on the one used in a Swiss study on the same topic. The platform used was Google forms. The questionnaire was shared in associative platforms involving gynecologists, midwives and interns/Specialist students. Results and comments: We received 292 feedbacks. Gynecologists represented 13.7% of the sample, interns and specialist students 11.3% and midwives 76%. Parity is a determining factor in IUD selection. The care-providers were concerned about the followings, which might have prevented the use of IUD, even though it was indicated: infections (75.7%), pelvic pain (61.3%), expulsion (48.3%), increased risk of perforation (46.9%), women’s appreciation (45.2%), ectopic pregnancy (33.9%) and sexual behavior (28.4%). Conclusion: Our study reveals that providers’ apprehensions and concerns severely limit the availability of IUDs. These concerns are often unf

关键词： Intrauterine Device IUD Parity Gynecologists Midwives Interns

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Biomass Accumulation of Rye And Triticale during its Vegetative Period in an Area in Northern Spain

Biomass Accumulation of Rye And Triticale during its Vegetat...

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The 20th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition

作者： Pérez,P. Ciria,P. Maletta,E. barro,R. Pérez,J. Carrasco,J.E.

The objective of this work is to study the accumulation of lignocellulosic biomass of two varieties of rye（Petkus and Askari） and two varieties of triticale（Trujillo and Collegial） during its vegetative period. The plots’ size was about 300 m2 for each variety trial. The selected plots were cultivated under rainfed continental conditions in the province of Soria（central-northern Spain） and for one vegetative period. To evaluate the biomass accumulation, a total of 15 samplings were periodically carried out from March to July. 10 sub-samples per sampling and genotype were taken randomly. Results indicated that yield followed an upward trend until reaching 222 days from sowing. At that moment, the greatest biomass production was obtained for the four studied varieties（rye variety cv. Askari: 13.7 oven dried tonnes（odt）/ha;rye variety cv. Petkus: 11.5 odt/ha;triticale variety cv. Collegial: 10.0 odt/ha;triticale variety cv. Trujillo: 11.8 odt/ha）. A significant difference was found among species and varieties. Considering total biomass production, the appropriate time to harvest the whole plant was corresponded with the penultimate sampling（222 days from sowing） in which the thermal time was 2106.8 oC days（degree days）. Adjusted models for each studied variety were also defined.

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Upper arm length along with mid-upper arm circumference to enhance wasting prevalence estimation and diagnosis:sensitivity and specificity in 6-59-months old children

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2021年第2期9卷 24-30页

作者： Mouhamed barro Mohamed Daouda Baro Djibril Cisse Noel Zagre Thierno Ba Shanti Neff Baro Yacouba Diagana Nutrition and development association NouakchottMauritania Nutrition UNICEFNouakchottMauritania UNICEF West and Central Africa Regional Office DakarSenegal Ministry of Health NouakchottMauritania Independent Consultant in Biostatistics ParisFrance University of Nouakchott NouakchottMauritania

Objective To evaluate the added value of the use of upper arm length(UAL)along with mid-upper arm circumference(MUAC)to diagnose and estimate the prevalence of wasting in comparison to current WHO standard and other MUAC-based *** UAL and usual anthropometric measurements were collected during a national cross-sectional nutritional *** were classified into three upper arm length groups(UALGs):UALG1,UALG2 and UALG3 according to the following UAL limits:≤150,151-180 and≥181 mm,*** operating characteristic curves were used to determine the best MUAC cut-off for each group using weight-for height Z-score(WHZ)as a reference *** prevalence,sensitivity and specificity of all diagnostic methods were *** This study was conducted in *** National representative sample of children from 6 to 59 months *** In total,12590 children were included in the *** prevalence was 16.1%,5.0%and 12.5%when diagnosed by WHZ<−2,MUAC<125 mm and MUAC-UALG methods,*** the MUAC-UALG method increased the sensitivity for wasting diagnosis from 17.98%with MUAC<125 mm to 39.43%with *** specificity decreased from 97.49%with MUAC<125 mm to 92.71%with *** MUAC-height Z score and MUAC<138 mm,sensitivity was 26.04%and 69.76%and specificity were 97.40%and 75.64%*** This alternative method using MUAC tape to measure UAL increases the wasting diagnosis accuracy and allows for a better estimation of wasting *** method could be used as a potential alternative method for quick surveys in emergency settings such as Corona virus disease 2019 context.

关键词： diagnosis estimation Upper

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Quality of Life of Patients with Urticaria in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2023年第2期13卷 156-164页

作者： Ouédraogo Nomtondo Amina Tapsoba Gilbert Patrice Traoré Fagnima Ouangraoua Djaminatou Ouédraogo Muriel Sidnoma Tiendrebeogo Rocsane Ouédraogo Mouniratou Korsaga Somé Nessine Nina barro Traore Fatou Niamba Pascal Dermatology Department of The Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Regional University Hospital of Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Boulmiougou District Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Dermatology Department of Tengadogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: The prevalence of urticaria is increasing. Approximately 20% of individuals have suffered from an acute episode of urticaria at least at some point in their lives. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical and therapeutic socio-demographic profile and quality of live of patients followed for urticaria in the dermatology-venereology department of the Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital in Ouagadougou. Methodology: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study over a 5-year period from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019. The data were collected retrospectively by analysing the files and prospectively by evaluating the quality of life with DLQI. All the records of patients treated for urticaria at the Dermatology-Venerology Department of the Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital during the period were included. Results: Urticarial frequency is 1.91%. There were 36 men (25.71%) and 104 women (74.28%), i.e. a sex ratio of 0.34. The median age was 31 years with extremes of 4 to 70 years. The 30 - 45 age group accounted for 51.42%, followed by the 16 - 29 age group (31.42%), then the 46 - 65 age group (9.28%), the 4 - 15 age group (5.71%) and the over 66 age group (2.14%). In terms of occupation, pupils/students accounted for 37.1%, housewives for 18.6% and workers for 44.3%. As for the residence of the patients, 88.57% lived in Ouagadougou Personal history of atopy, it concerned 19.26% of patients, with precisely 9.28% having asthma history, 7.14% having rhino-sinusitis history, 1.42% of atopic dermatitis and allergic conjunctivitis respectively. For clinical aspects, 97.14% of the patients had superficial urticaria, and 2.86% had facial angioedema. There were 35% (49) patients with acute urticaria and 65% (91) with chronic urticaria. Chronic urticaria was spontaneous in 55% (50) and physically inducible in 10% (9) (sweating, pressure or friction). 97.14% of patients received antihistamines associated with systemic corticoids in 2.86%. Fo

关键词： Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria Acute Urticaria Physical Urticaria Quality of Life

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Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: A Rare Complication of Spinal Anesthesia

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2021年第1期11卷 1-7页

作者： Raphael M. Kabore Habib A. K. Ouiminga Labodi Lompo H. Desire Sankara Anselme Dabilgou Alassane Drave Svetlana barro Cherban Christian Napon Athanase Millogo Jean Kabore Department of Neurology CHU Tengandogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Neurosurgery CHU Tengandogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Deparement of Imagery CHU Tengandogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Neurology CHU Yalgado OUEDRAOGO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Neurology CHU Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Department of Anesthesia-Reanimation CHU Tengandogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Neurology CHU Bogodogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Neurology CHU-Souro SANOU Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Introduction: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare complication of spinal anesthesia. The diagnosis is difficult when it occurs by isolated headache, following post spinal puncture headache (PSPH). We report a case of cerebral venous thrombosis complicating PSPH, following a spinal anesthesia. Observation: A 23-year-old man was admitted to the emergency room for PSPH appeared 6 hours after a spinal aesthesia for removal of osteosynthesis equipment from the right tibial plateau. The headache was fronto-occipital, relieved by lying down. Six days later, headache became permanent, not relieved by morphine, associated with vomiting. The neurological examination was normal. Brain magnetic resonance Magnetic venography showed superior sagittal sinus and right transverse sinus thrombosis. After administration of low molecular weight heparin at curative dose, and warfarin under INR control, the evolution was marked by a rapid regression of headaches on the same day. After a 1-year setback, the patient was asymptomatic. Conclusion: CVT is a rare complication of spinal anesthesia and potentially severe if diagnosed lately. Urgent brain imaging must be performed for any atypical headache or the onset of neurological disorders so as not to misunderstand cerebral vein thrombosis. Controlling the spine anesthesia would reduce the inadvertent perforation of the dura-mother that would lead to CVT complicating post spinal puncture headaches.

关键词： Spinal Anesthesia Post Spinal Puncture Headache Cerebral Venous Thrombosis

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Management of a Severe Form of Verneuil’s Disease in Its Genitoperineal Localisation in Bobo-Dioulasso

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Open Journal of Urology 2015年第2期5卷 13-18页

作者： Zare Cyprien Ouattara Adama Kambou Timothée Ouangre Edgar Diallo Boukary Traore A. Ibrahim barro Drissa Sanon G. Bakary Ye O. Delphine Traore S. Simon Department of Surgery University Teaching Hospital Souro Sanou Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Visceral Surgery University Teaching Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties University Teaching Hospital Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

The authors report a severe form of genitoperineal localisation of Verneuil’s disease managed in a surgical environment, having evolved favorably with improvement of the patient’s quality of life, but persistence of unsightly skin scars. They insist on the unexceptional nature of this disease whose prognosis is reserved, sometimes leaving severe functional sequelae. The long evolution of the disease with prolonged hospitalization in a professionally active young patient and the extension of suppurations to the perineal, scrotal and inguinal regions was the features of this observation. After wide excision of the lesions with antibiotic associated with local care, evolution had taken to complete wound healing with improved quality of life and a recovery of his professional activity.

关键词： Verneuil’s Disease Hydradenitis Suppurativa Genitoperineal Surgery

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Diagnostic and Prognostic Epidemic Aspect of Eclampsia at the Kolda Regional Hospital Center (Senegal)

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2019年第12期9卷 1604-1610页

作者： Youssoupha Toure Babacar Biaye Abdoul Aziz Diouf Khalifa Ababacar Mansour Fall Adja Maimouna barro Daff Mor Cisse Mouhamadou Wade Omar Ba Pape Malick Tall Alassane Diouf Jean Charles Moreau Gynecological and Obstetric Clinic Aristide Hospital Le Dantec Dakar Senegal

Objectives: To evaluate the epidemiology of eclampsia, to assess maternal and perinatal prognosis and management. Material and method: This was a retrospective, descriptive study from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018. Included were all women received in the emergency department of our health facility for generalized seizures and/or disturbances of consciousness, occurring between the 20th Week of Amenorrhea (WA) and the 6th week of postpartum on a field of hypertension. The sources of the data consisted of antenatal consultation cards, delivery records, hospital records, operating theater and resuscitation records. The variables studied were sociodemographic characteristics, the course of pregnancy, childbirth and neonatal parameters. Data were captured and analyzed using SPSS 11.0 software. Results: The study focused on 190 cases with a prevalence of 3.5%. The average age of the patients was 20 years with extremes of 14 and 40 years. The average parity was 4.1 deliveries with extremes of 1 and 7. Nearly three-quarters of the patients (74.7%) of the patients were primiparous. Almost all the patients were evacuated. More than half of the seizures (53.1%) were recorded before work and more than one out of two patients had two seizures. Caesarean section was the mode of delivery in more than one out of two patients (56.8%). Maternal complications were marked by renal failure (23 cases), the HELLP syndrome (72 cases), and the retro placental hematoma (83 cases). The fetal impact was marked by prematurity in 90% of cases and 17 cases of fetal death in-utero. Nineteen maternal deaths were recorded while early neonatal mortality was 437 per 1000 live births. The average hospital stay of the survivors was 6.2 days. Conclusion: Eclampsia is still common in our regions. It occurs preferentially in young primiparas with hypertension and/or proteinuria on a poorly followed pregnancy. Magnesium sulphate and cesarean section can improve the maternal and fetal prognosis. Preve

关键词： Eclampsia Kolda Prognosis Management

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