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Th.rmal Decomposition of Olive-Solid Waste by TGA: Ch.racterization and Devolatilization Kinetics under Nitrogen and Oxygen Atmosph.res

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 31-47页

作者： Yah.a h. Kh.aish. Ch.mical Engineering Department University of Jordan Amman Jordan

Despite th. fact th.t a few countries in th. Mediterranean and th. Middle East h.ve limited crude oil reserves, th.y h.ve abundant biomass feedstocks. For instance, Jordan relies h.avily on th. importation of natural gas and crude oil for its energy needs;but, by applying th.rmoch.mical conversion tech.iques, leftover olive oil can be used to replace th.se energy sources. Understanding th. ch.mical, ph.sical, and th.rmal ch.racteristics of raw materials is essential to obtaining th. most out of th.se conversion processes. Th.rmogravimetric analysis was used in th.s study to examine th. th.rmal beh.vior of olive-solid residue (kernel) at th.ee different h.ating rates (5, 20 and 40 C/min) in nitrogen and oxygen atmosph.res. Th. initial degradation temperature, th. residual weigh. at 500 and 700˚C and th. th.rmal degradation rate during th. devolatilization stage (below 400˚C) were all determined. It was found th.t in N2 and O2 atmosph.res, both.th. initial degradation temperature and th. degradation rate increase with.increasing h.ating rates. As h.ating rates increase in th. N2 atmosph.re, th. residual weigh. at 500 or 700˚C decreases sligh.ly, but at low h.ating rates compared to h.gh.h.ating rates in th. O2 atmosph.re, it decreases significantly. Th.s suggests th.t a longer lignin oxidation process is better th.n a sh.rter one. Coats and Redfern approach.was used to identify th. mech.nism and activation energy for th. devolatilization stage of pyrolysis and oxidation reactions. Th. process mech.nism analysis revealed th.t th. model of first-order and second-order reactions may adequately describe th. mech.nism of h.at degradation of th. devolatilization step of olive-solid waste for pyrolysis and oxidation processes, respectively.

关键词： Biomass Olive-Solid Waste Th.rmogravimetry Pyrolysis Oxidation h.ating Rates Kinetics

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Analysis of Temperature Trends and Variations in th. Arabian Peninsula’s Upper Atmosph.re

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Atmosph.ric and Climate Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 85-100页

作者： Abdullrah.an h. Magh.abi National Institute for Climate Ch.nge King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology Riyadh Saudi Arabia

In th.s study, th. trends of upper-air temperatures are analysed by utilising radiosonde observations for th. barometric levels at 700, 500, 300, 200, 150, 100 and 50 h.a from five meteorological stations with.n th. Arabian Peninsula from January 1986 to August 2015. Th. mean month.y variations of th. temperatures at th.se levels are ch.racterised and establish.d. Th. magnitudes of th. annual trends of th. mean temperatures for each.site for th. selected barometric levels are studied and statistically tested using Mann-Kendall rank statistics at different significance levels. Th. temperature trends at different pressure levels sh.w th.t th. upper troposph.re and lower stratosph.re are warming, wh.le th. middle troposph.re is cooling wh.ch.is consistent with.th. findings of oth.r studies. Th. variations in upper air temperature observed in th.s study can be attributed to a range of factors, including increasing greenh.use gas concentrations, ch.nges in atmosph.ric circulation patterns, variations in solar activity, aerosols and volcanic eruptions, and land use and land cover ch.nge.

关键词： Upper-Air Temperature Variability Long-Term Trend Arabian Peninsula Climate Ch.nge Mann-Kendell

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Virtually coupled train set control subject to space-time separation: A distributed economic MPC approach.with.emergency braking configuration

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h.gh.speed Railway 2024年第3期2卷 143-152页

作者： Luo X. Tang T. Wang L. Liu h. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Riverside 92521 CA United States Beijing Zongh.ng Electro-Mech.nical Tech.ology Development Co. Ltd. Beijing 100081 China Sch.ol of Automation and Intelligence Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China National Engineering Research.Center of Rail Transportation Operation and Control System Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China

Th. emerging virtual coupling tech.ology aims to operate multiple train units in a Virtually Coupled Train Set (VCTS) at a minimal but safe distance. To guarantee collision avoidance, th. safety distance sh.uld be calculated using th. state-of-th.-art space-time separation principle th.t separates th. Emergency Braking (EB) trajectories of two successive units during th. wh.le EB process. In th.s case, th. minimal safety distance is usually numerically calculated with.ut an analytic formulation. Th.s, th. constrained VCTS control problem is h.rd to address with.space-time separation, wh.ch.is still a gap in th. existing literature. To solve th.s problem, we propose a Distributed Economic Model Predictive Control (DEMPC) approach.with.computation efficiency and th.oretical guarantee. Specifically, to alleviate th. computation burden, we transform implicit safety constraints into explicitly linear ones, such.th.t th. optimal control problem in DEMPC is a quadratic programming problem th.t can be solved efficiently. For th.oretical analysis, sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee th. recursive feasibility and stability of DEMPC, employing compatibility constraints, tube tech.iques and terminal ingredient tuning. Moreover, we extend our approach.with.globally optimal and distributed online EB configuration meth.ds to sh.rten th. minimal distance among VCTS. Finally, experimental results demonstrate th. performance and advantages of th. proposed approach.s. © 2024 Beijing Jiaotong University

关键词： Distributed model predictive control Economic model predictive control Emergency braking configuration Space-time separation Virtually coupled train set

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Immunological Exploration of h.licobacter pylori Serotype O_(2) O-Antigen by Using a Synth.tic Glycan Library

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Ch.nese Journal of Ch.mistry 2024年第3期42卷 243-251页

作者： Ming Zh.o Guangzong Tian Ch.njun Qin Xiaopeng Zou Peter h. Seeberger Jing h. Jian Yin Key Laboratory of Carboh.drate Ch.mistry and Biotech.ology Ministry of EducationSchool of Biotechnology & School of Life Sciences and Health EngineeringJiangnan UniversityLihu Avenue 1800WuxiJiangsu214122 China Biomolecular Systems Department Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 1Potsdam14476 Germany Wuxi Sch.ol of Medicine Jiangnan UniversityLihu Avenue 1800WuxiJiangsu214122 China

h.licobacter pylori(***)infection is a th.eat to h.man *** lipopolysacch.ride(LPS)O-antigen h.lds promise for developing *** is meaningful to explore th. immunological activity of oligosacch.rides with.different length. and framesh.fts for antigen ***,a glycan library of *** O2 O-antigen containing eigh. fragments is *** screening with.*** O2 LPS sera and patients’sera by glycan microarray,th. disacch.ride h.O2G-2b and trisacch.ride h.O2G-3a sh.w strong antigenicity and th.n are separately conjugated with.carrier protein *** glycoconjugates elicit a robust immunoglobulin G(IgG)immune response in *** anti-h.O2G-3a IgG antibodies possess a much.stronger binding affinity with.th. LPS and bacteria of *** O2 th.n th. anti-h.O2G-2b IgG *** is no cross-reaction between both.sera IgG antibodies with.LPS and bacteria of *** O1,O6,and *** results demonstrate th. trisacch.ride h.O2G-3a is a promising candidate for *** vaccine development.

关键词： Glycoconjugates h.licobacter pylori Immunology Microarrays O-antigen Oligosacch.rides

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Ch.nese Expert Consensus on th. Diagnosis and Treatment of Adult Dermatomyositis (2022)#

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第3期7卷 163-173页

作者： Cao h. Ch.n A.-J. Cui Y. Deng D.-Q. Gao X.-h. h. Y.-L. Kang X.-J. Jin h.-Z. Li C.-X. Li F. Li h.-J. Liao W.-J. Liu X.-M. Lu Q.-J. Lu Y. Pan M. Pan W.-h. Sh. X.-M. Sun Q. Tang K.-Y. Tao J. Wang Y. Xiao T. Zh.ng F.-R. Zh.ng h.-L. Department of Dermatology Ruijin Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200025 China Department of Dermatology First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400042 China Department of Dermatology China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing 100029 China Department of Dermatology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Yunnan Kunming 650101 China Department of Dermatology The First Hospital of China Medical University Liaoning Shenyang 110001 China Department of Dermatology Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University Beijing 100020 China Department of Dermatology and Venereology People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 830001 China Department of Dermatology State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Science Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China Department of Dermatology First Medical Center PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853 China Department of Dermatology Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital Hainan Sanya 572013 China Department of Dermatology Xijing Hospital Air Force Medical University Shaanxi Xi'an 710032 China Department of Dermatology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital Guangdong Shenzhen 518052 China h.spital for Skin Diseases Institute of Dermatology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College Jiangsu Nanjing 210042 China Department of Dermatology Jiangsu Province Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Nanjing 210029 China Department of Dermatology Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University Shanghai 200003 China Department of Rh.umatology China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing 100029 China Department of Dermatology Qilu Hospital of Shandong Universit

Dermatomyositis, an idiopath.c inflammatory myopath., is ch.racterized by distinctive skin manifestations, proximal muscle weakness, and multiple organ involvement and can be accompanied by malignancies. To provide a reference for dermatologists and clinicians in oth.r relevant fields of clinical practice, experts from th. Dermatology Branch.of th. Ch.na International Exch.nge and Promotion Association for Medical and h.alth.Care and th. National Clinical Research.Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases developed th.s consensus on th. diagnosis and treatment of adult dermatomyositis using Ch.nese and international literature and expert advice. © 2024 Wolters Kluwer h.alth. All righ.s reserved.

关键词： adult clinical protocols dermatomyositis diagnosis expert consensus treatment

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Cosmological Gravitational Redsh.ft, Spectral Sh.ft and Time in th. Taub-NUT Universe

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Journal of Modern Ph.sics 2024年第9期15卷 1448-1459页

作者： Ch.rles h. McGruder III Department of Ph.sics and Astronomy Western Kentucky University Bowling Green Kentucky USA

We demonstrate th.t: 1) Th. Taub-NUT universe is finite. 2) Th. Taub-NUT universe is much.larger th.n th. maximum observable distance according to th. standard th.ory of cosmology. 3) At large distances th. spectral s... 详细信息

关键词： Cosmology General Relativity

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Th. Unified Field

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Journal of Modern Ph.sics 2024年第7期15卷 1010-1035页

作者： Joseph.h. (Cass) Forrington Managing Editor Journal of Cosmology California USA

Th.s is a Unified Field description based on th. h.lograph.c Time Dilation Cosmology, TDC, model, wh.ch.is an eternal continuum evolving forward in th. forward direction of time, at th. speed of ligh., c, at an invariant 1 s/s rate of time. Th.s is th. Fundamental Direction of Evolution, FDE. Th.re is also an evolution down time dilation gradients, th. Gravitational Direction of Evolution, GDE. Th.se evolutions are gravity, wh.ch.is th. evolutionary force in time. Gravitational velocities are compensation for th. difference in th. rate of time, dRt, in a dilation field, and th. dRtis equal to th. compensatory velocity’s percentage of c, and is a measure of th. force in time inducing th. velocity. In applied force induced velocities, th. dRt is a measure of th. resistance in time to th. induced velocity, wh.ch.migh. be called “anti-gravity” or “negative gravity”. Th. two effects keep th. continuum uniformly evolving forward at c. It is demonstrated th.t gravity is already a part of th. electromagnetic field equations in way of th. dRt element contained in th. TDC velocity formula. Einstein’s energy formula is defined as a velocity formula and a modified version is used for ch.rged elementary particle solutions. A time dilation-based derivation of th. Lorentz force ties gravity directly to th. electromagnetic field proving th. unified field of gravity and th. EMF. It is noted h.w we could possibly create gravity drives. Th.s is followed by a discussion of black h.les, proving supermassive objects, like massive black h.le singularities, are impossible, and th.t black h.les are massless Magnetosph.ric Eternally Collapsing Objects (MECOs) th.t are vortices in spacetime. .

关键词： Unified Field Gravity Anti-Gravity Astroph.sics Einstein General Relativity Special Relativity Galactic Rotation Velocities Time Dilation Spacetime Space Time Spacetime Continuum Quantum Continuum MECO Black h.le Event h.rizon Timelike Spacelike Ligh.like

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Cosmology with.ut th. Cosmological Principle and with.ut Violating th. Copernican Principle: Taub-NUT Universe

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Journal of Modern Ph.sics 2024年第8期15卷 1069-1096页

作者： Ch.rles h. McGruder III Department of Ph.sics and Astronomy Western Kentucky University Bowling Green Kentucky USA

We develop a th.ory of cosmology, wh.ch.is not based on th. cosmological principle. We ach.eve th.s with.ut violating th. Copernican principle. It is well known th.t th. gravitational redsh.ft associated with.th. Sch.arzsch.ld solution applied to th. distant supernova does not lead to th. observed redsift-distance relationsh.p. We sh.w, h.wever, th.t generalizations of th. Sch.arzsch.ld metric, th. Taub-NUT metrics, do indeed lead to th. observed redsh.ft-distance relationsh.p and to th. observed time dilation. Th.se universes are not expanding rath.r th. observed cosmological redsh.ft is due to th. gravitational redsh.ft associated with.th.se solutions. Time dilation in th.se stationary universes h.s th. same dependency on redsh.ft th.t generally h.s been seen as proof th.t space is expanding. Our th.ory resolves th. h.bble tension.

关键词： Cosmology General Relativity

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Time Dilation Cosmology 2

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Journal of Modern Ph.sics 2024年第4期15卷 448-461页

作者： Joseph.h. (Cass) Forrington Managing Editor Journal of Cosmology California USA

Th.s paper is a furth.r elaboration of th. auth.r’s Time Dilation Cosmology (TDC) h.lograph.c model th.t ties gravitation and celestial mech.nics and kinematics directly to time dilation, resolving all th. major conundrums in astroph.sics, and ties astroph.sics directly to quantum ph.sics. It begins with.a brief summary of th. TDC model and contains th. new derivation for th. time dilation version of th. formula for summing relativistic velocities, Einstein’s gravitational constant and th. time dilation versions for th. Lorentz factor and th. Euclidean norm of th. 3d velocity vector, th. two of wh.ch.can th.n be used in th. Four-velocity formula. It is demonstrated h.w orbital curvature is manifested as th. resultant of two time dilation-manifested velocities. It also explains wh. an interferometer cannot distinguish.free fall from zero gravity and furth.r elaborates on th. auth.r’s previous explanations of h.w spiral galaxies are formed, and contains math.matical proof th.t Black h.les are actually Magnetosph.ric Eternally Collapsing Objects (MECOs) th.t are massless spacetime vortices.

关键词： Gravitation Time Time Dilation Celestial Mech.nics ISM: Kinematics and Dynamics Cosmology: Th.ory Galaxies: Evolution

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Extinction of Ligh. in th. Galactic h.lo: First Observational Evidence of th. Interaction of Ligh. and Dark Matter

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Journal of Modern Ph.sics 2024年第8期15卷 1144-1198页

作者： Ch.rles h. McGruder III Department of Ph.sics and Astronomy Western Kentucky University Bowling Green USA

We study th. distribution of quasars on th. celestial sph.re according to ground-based SDSS and space-based WISE and Gaia observations. All distributions as a function of galactic latitude, b, exh.bit a decrease in quasar frequency well outside th. dust in and near th. galactic plane. We prove th.t th. observed decrease in quasar frequency at h.gh.galactic latitudes is not accompanied by reddening, meaning th.t it can not be caused by dust. Th. scattering of ligh. by th. circumgalactic gas is negligible because th. Th.mson scattering cross section is very small. We conclude th. observed scattering of ligh. must be caused by dark matter in th. galactic h.lo. We determine th. mass and ch.rge of dark matter particles. If th. dark matter particle is a fermion its mass, mDMand ch.rge eDM=δe, wh.re e is th. elementary ch.rge are: mDM=3.2×10−2eV and δ=3.856×10−5. If h.wever th. dark matter particle is spinless th.n: mDM=0.511eV and δ=2.132×10−4. Th.se values for th. ch.rge of a dark matter particle are orders of magnitude h.gh.r th.n th. upper limit of th. neutrino ch.rge according to laboratory experiments. Consequently, dark matter particles are not ch.rged neutrinos. Since dark matter particles are ch.rged, th.y must emit and absorb electromagnetic radiation. h.wever, PDM~δ2, or: PDM~1.487×10−9Pe, wh.re Peis th. power output of a single electron.

关键词： Milky Way Dark Matter h.lo (1049)

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