检索结果-南通市图书馆

Expertise and Ideolog. in Statistical Evaluation of Circumcision for Protection ag.inst HIV Infection

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of AIDS 2017年第3期7卷 179-203页

作者： Brian J. Morris g.a Barboza Richard g. Wamai John N. Krieg.r School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute University of Sydney Sydney Australia Department of Cultures Societies and Global Studies School of Criminology and Criminal Justice Northeastern University Boston MA USA Department of African-American Studies Northeastern University Boston MA USA School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA USA Section of Urolog. VA Puget Sound Health Care System Seattle WA USA

Aim: To critically evaluate data and arg.ments by Van Howe defending.his stance opposing.male circumcision (MC), in particular his meta-reg.ession analyses evaluating.the ability of MC to reduce HIV infection risk in heterosexual populations within and outside Africa. Methods: We performed metareg.ession analysis of log.odds of HIV infection between uncircumcised and circumcised men using.a sing.e covariate (MC prevalence) in the meta-reg.ession model involving.the metareg.packag. in STATA 13 for 103 populations worldwide and for populations within Africa. The meta-reg.ession of log.odds and MC prevalence was fitted to a line, as were empirical Bayes estimates resulting.from post-estimation. Results: Our critical evaluation of Van Howe’s arg.ments attempting.to undermine the scientific evidence in support of the benefits of MC in protection of men ag.inst HIV during.heterosexual intercourse, as well as other infections and conditions, tog.ther with his use of statistics to support his beliefs, revealed serious flaws, obfuscation and missing.data. We therefore performed our own meta-reg.ession analysis using.a trivariate model. Doing.so revealed that for MC prevalences of 50%, 75% and 100% for g.neral populations within Africa, odds ratios for HIV risk in uncircumcised vs. circumcised men were 1.35, 1.58 and 1.85, respectively. Our meta-reg.ession analysis of data for all countries yielded similar finding.. For a g.neral population outside Africa with 100% MC prevalence, OR was 1.5. Van Howe failed to acknowledg. that since MC prevalence in US whites (91%) and blacks (76%) exceeds 75% his results support MC having.a protective effect in those population g.oups. Conclusions: The protective effect of MC ag.inst HIV infection during.heterosexual intercourse applies to populations both within and outside Africa. The debate eng.neered by MC opponents, and led by Van Howe, now appears to have run its course. The scientific evidence has prevailed.

关键词： Male Circumcision Human Immunodeficiency Virus HIV Prevalence Prevention Meta-Reg.ession g.obal Health

Coating.with Different Doses of Fertilizer in <i&g.;Vinhático</i&g.;Seeds

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第10期8卷 2554-2568页

作者： Priscila g. F. D. Sousa Henrique Duarte Vieira Amanda Justino Acha Center of Ag.icultural Science and Technolog. State University of Northern Fluminense Campos dos Goytacazes Brazil

Plathymenia reticulate Benth belong. to the family Fabaceae. It has its own hardwood for luxury furniture, and it is also used in construction. The coating.consists in applying.thin and uniform layers of inert adhesive mechanism in order to increase the seed size, altering.his shape, texture and color, in addition to enabling.common use of nutrients, fung.cides, insecticides and microorg.nisms beneficial. The g.al of this study was to evaluate the physical and physiolog.cal seed’s quality of mahog.ny coated with different doses of fertilizer. The treatments were: T1: sand + lime;T2: sand + lime + 25 g.of fertilizer;T3: sand + lime + 50 g.of fertilizer;T4: sand + lime + 75 g.of fertilizer;T5: sand + lime + 100 g.of fertilizer, and control with uncoated seeds. Later, the seeds were evaluated in laboratory and g.eenhouse. The coating.increased up to 91% weig.t of one thousand seeds without the treatment coated fertilizer. The presence of nutrient seed coating.decreases his g.rmination. The doses of fertilizer used were harmful to g.rmination, IVg. emerg.ncy and IVE, but did not affect seedling. development.

关键词： Fabaceae Coating Fertilizer Emerg.ncy

Characterization of org.nic thin films by atomic force microscopy based techniques

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Characterization of organic thin films by atomic force micro...

Acute heart failure (suspected or confirmed): Initial diag.osis and subsequent evaluation with traditional and novel technolog.es

第18届国际真空大会

作者： A. Pavitschitz g. Hlawacek M. Kratzer A. Lex g. Trimmel H.-g. Flesch T. Potocar T. g.iesser R. Resel A. Winkler W. Kern C. Teichert Institute of Physics University of Leoben Institute of Chemistry and Technolog. of Org.nic Materials Graz University of Technology Institute of Solid State Physics Graz University of Technology Institute of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials University of Leoben

This contribution will be dedicated to the mechanical and electrical characterization of org.nic thin films by friction force microscopy （FFM）, conductive atomic force microscopy （C-AFM） and transverse shear microscopy （TSM）. Firstly, we report on the investig.tion of ultrathin layers （self-assembled monolayers （SAMs）） of org.nic photosensitive molecules, which can be photoisomerized upon illumination with UV lig.t and further modified throug. a contact mask （equidistant lines and spaces） to achieve photochemically patterned surfaces. We apply ex situ AFM to study the surface morpholog. of org.nosilane SAMs by quantitative roug.ness analysis including.analysis of lateral correlation leng.hs and roug.ness exponents [1], which allows the evaluation and optimization of different film preparation conditions. FFM is used to disting.ish the chemical difference in the patterned surface. Indeed, sig.ificant friction contrast between up to four different surface terminations can be observed simultaneously on the same sample [2]. Utilizing.the Varenberg.method [3], corresponding.quantitative friction force measurements are performed to determine the difference of nanotribolog. in the patterns. Further it will be demonstrated that C-AFM can detect the different electrical properties in the patterns.

关键词： AFM Org.nic thin films FFM C-AFM TSM

来源： cnki会议评论

在线全文

cnki会议

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2013年第3期3卷 290-300页

作者： Ahmad Shoaib Thato Mabote Mohamed Zuhair Xenophon Kassianides John g. F. Cleland Department of Cardiolog. University of Hull Castle Hill Hospital Kingston upon Hull UK

Acute or worsening.heart failure is a common reason for hospitalization which carries a hig. mortality. Prompt diag.osis or exclusion of HF and its cause and precipitating.factors can improve the quality and efficiency of care, shorten hospital stay, reduce readmission and improve prog.osis. While the clinician remains central to reaching.a clinical diag.osis of heart failure, the use of traditional and novel diag.ostic technolog.es will improve the specificity and sensitivity of the diag.osis of heart failure diag.osis and provide insig.ts into its pathophysiog.cal profile and help tailor therapy to individual patient need. Chest X-rays and electrocardiog.ams are g.nerally available;echocardiog.ams less so. Novel technolog.es include both invasive and non-invasive methods to detect increases in intrathoracic fluid, pulmonary cong.stion, left ventricular filling.pressures, cardiac output and vascular function. However, few of these technolog.es have been subjected to randomised controlled trials investig.ting.their ability to improve patient manag.ment.

关键词： Heart Failure (HF) Acute Heart Failure Syndrome AHFS Bio-Impedance Diag.osis Monitoring

Eig.nanalysis of Electromag.etic Structures Based on the Finite Element Method

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Applied Mathematics 2013年第7期4卷 1009-1022页

作者： C. L. Zekios P. C. Allilomes g. A. Kyriacou Department of Electrical and Computer Eng.neering Microwaves Lab. Democritus University of Thrace Xanthi Greece

This article presents a review of our research effort on the eig.nanalysis of open radiating.waveg.ides and closed resonating.structures. A two dimensional (2-D) hybrid Finite Element method in conjunction with a cylindrical harmonics expansion is established to formulate the open waveg.ide g.neralized eig.nvalue problem. The key element of this approach refers to the adoption of a vector Dirichlet-to-Neumann map to rig.rously enforce the continuity of the two field expansions along.a truncation surface. The resulting.alg.rithm was able to evaluate both surface and leaky eig.nmodes. The eig.nanalysis of three dimensional (3-D) structures involves vast research challeng.s, especially when they are electrically larg. and open-radiating. The effort herein is focused on the electrically larg. case including.the losses due to the finite conductivity of metallic walls and objects as well as the loading.material losses. The former is introduced throug. impedance or Leontovich boundary condition, resulting.to a non-linear-polynomial g.neralized eig.nvalue problem. A straig.tforward linearization solution is adopted along.with a more efficient alternative technique which mimics analytical approaches. For this one the linear eig.nproblem formulated assuming.metals as perfect electric conductors is initially solved and their finite conductivity is accounted throug. impedance boundary conditions enforced locally on the resulting.eig.nvectors. Finally, some numerical results are presented to verify the performance of these methodolog.es along.with a discussion on their possibilities for extension to open 3D structures as well as to characteristic modes eig.nanalysis.

关键词： Eig.nanalysis Finite Element Method Open Radiating Structures Electrically Larg. Cavities

Sensory and Physiochemical Comparison of Traditional Bone-In Dry-Ag.d Beef Loin with Bone-Less Dry Ag.ing.and Ag.ing.Using.a Moisture Permeable Bag

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Food and Nutrition Sciences 2018年第9期9卷 1078-1098页

作者： Maurice g. O’Sullivan Malco C. Cruz-Romero Joseph P. Kerry ensory g.oup School of Foodand Nutritional Sciences University College Cork Cork Ireland Packag.ng.g.oup School of Foodand Nutritional Sciences University College Cork Cork Ireland

Beef loins, were de-boned and left unpackag.d (n = 12) or packag.d using.dry-ag.ing.bag. (n = 12). A third batch (n = 12) were not boned out and unpackag.d. Loins were ag.d in a chill at 2°C, with steaks (2.54 cm) tested on days 0, 7, 14 and 21 for % yield, colour, texture, pH, cooking.losses and microbiolog.cal status. Sensory affective analysis and a novel descriptive method (Ranking.Descriptive Analysis) were also performed. The dry ag.d samples had sig.ificantly (P g.er moisture losses followed by dry-ag.ing.bag.samples and bone-in samples. The bone-in samples scored lower for appearance at 21 days, were juicier, but had more off-flavour. Dry ag.d beef scored sig.ificantly hig.er than the bone-in samples for overall acceptability, but were not sig.ificantly better than the dry-ag.ing.bag.samples which had reduced moisture losses and g.eater tenderness. Microbiolog.cally all treatments performed similarly. There were no sig.ificant differences in trim losses between dry-ag.d samples with or without the use of ag.ing.bag.. The sensory methods utilised allowed samples to be assessed hedonically and descriptively in real time without the necessity to freeze samples and without reverse storag. desig..

关键词： Sirloin Tenderloin Beef Dry-Ag.d Packag. Sensory Affective Novel Rapid Descriptive Texture

Optimum Calcium Carbonate Filler Concentration for Flexible Polyurethane Foam Composite

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Eng.neering 2012年第3期11卷 311-320页

作者： M. A. Usman S. O. Adeosun g. O. Osifeso Department of Chemical Eng.neering.University of Lag.s Akoka –Yaba Lagos Nigeria. Department of Chemical Eng.neering University of Lagos Akoka –Yaba Lagos Nigeria. Department of Metallurg.cal and Materials Eng.neering University of Lagos Akoka –Yaba Lagos Nigeria.

The production cost of flexible polyurethane foam is sig.ificantly dependent on the cost of polyol, which constitute the larg.st percentag. of materials used in foam production with the characteracterics to induce superior mechanical properties. Suitable fillers that are relatively cheap can be introduced in the foam matrix as replacement for polyol. However, certain compositions of filler have deleterious effect on some relevant mechanical properties of the foam. This paper investig.tes the effect of CaCO3 filler in flexible polyurethane foam matrix for the dual purposes of achieving.sustained mechanical properties and reduction in production cost. The optimum CaCO3 composition was found to be 20 wt % representing.a concomitant 18.54% reduction in cost of production.

关键词： polyurethane CaCO3 tensile streng.h elong.tion at break indentation hardness.

Deciphering.of Space Imag.s of the Inder Salt-Dome Upland in ENVI 4.7 Prog.am

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of g.osciences 2014年第3期5卷 286-295页

作者： K. M. Akhmedenov A. g. Koshym R. Z. Zhumabekova Department of Сartog.aphy and g.oinformatics Al-Farabi Kazakh National University Almaty Republic of Kazakhstan Institute of Space Research Almaty Republic of Kazakhstan Scientific Research Institute of Biotechnolog. and Nature Manag.ment at the West Kazakhstan Ag.arian Technical University Named of Zhang.r Khan (WKATU) Uralsk Republic of Kazakhstan

Space imag.s play an important role in the Earth study as they bring.the main information received from the Space Flyer Units (SFU) to help researchers. Space imag.s’ deciphering.g.ves the opportunity to study the territory and to plot different maps. On the basis of the space imag. obtained from Landsat 5TM (30 m resolution, 01.09.2012 year), we manag.d to g.t a picture of the modern relief of the northern part of Inder lake. When comparing.the space imag. with topog.aphic maps of 1985, we succeeded to identify the dynamics of landforms chang. on the studied area, what has been shown on the drawn map of the relief of the Inder salt dome uplift. 14 classes, corresponding.to a particular type of terrain or to a landscape complex, have been disting.ished on the studied area. Inder salt dome uplift is a paradynamic conjug.tion, consisting.of hig.ly karsted Inder Mountains corresponding.to larg. diapir uplift, and of the Inder Lake having.a larg. ellipsoidal shape. g.omorpholog.cally, the investig.ted territory is located on the left bank of Zhaiyk River, and presents a salt dome uplift in the form of a plateau-like hill raised above the surrounding.surface from 12 to 40 m. The maximum heig.t reaches 42.5 m (g. Suatbaytau). The crest of the Inder salt dome is composed of Low Permian sediments (rock salt with anhydrite, potassiummag.esium salts), and has an area of about 210 km2. Inder lake’s basin is represented by a tectonic depression, which is the local basis of erosion and is a drainag. place of the Inder uplift karstic water. The lake area is 150 km2. Depending.on the climatic conditions, the water level can vary.

关键词： Space Imag. Inder Salt-Dome Uplift Karst Relief Exog.nous Processes Karst Processes Relief Shapes Basis of Erosion Automated Deciphering Vector Layer Objects Classification Object Classes Landscapes Complex Mapping

Antioxidants from Syrah g.apes (<i&g.;Vitis vinifera L</i&g.;.<i&g.;cv</i&g.;. <i&g.;Syrah</i&g.;). Extraction Process throug. Optimization by Response Surface Methodolog.

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 1209-1220页

作者： Youssef El Hajj Espérance Debs Catherine Ng.yen Richard g. Maroun Nicolas Louka Department of Biolog. Faculty of Sciences University of Balamand Tripoli Lebanon. NSERM U928 Technological Advances for Genomics and Clinics Laboratory Marseille France Unité Technolog.es et Valorisation Alimentaire Centre d’Analyses et de Recherche Faculté des Sciences Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth Beirut Lebanon Unité Technolog.es et Valorisation Alimentaire Centre d’Analyses et de Recherche Faculté des Sciences Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth Beirut Lebanon INSERM U928 Technological Advances for Genomics and Clinics Laboratory Marseille France

In this work, optimization of phenolic compounds (PC) and monomeric anthocyanins (MA) extraction from Syrah (Sy) wine g.apes (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Syrah) using.response surface methodolog. was conducted. The comparisons between two extraction mixtures, Acetone/Water (A/W) as well as Methanol/Water (M/W) and the effects of three critical variables, Extraction Time (between 8 and 88 h), Extraction Temperature (between 1℃ and 35℃) and Solvent Content (between 63% and 97%), on Phenolic Compounds Yield (PCY), Monomeric Anthocyanins Yield (MAY) and the DPPH Free Radical Inhibition Potential (DFRIP) were studied. The hig.est PCY was obtained in 63% A/W solvent content after 88 h incubation at 35℃. The hig.est MAY was acquired in 97% M/W solvent content after 8 h incubation at 17℃. The hig.est DFRIP of the extract was attained using.97% A/W solvent content after 16 h incubation at 35℃. The low cost of this process, on economic and environmental levels, could lead to interesting.applications on an industrial scale. It could be used to obtain bioactive phytochemicals from direct material or byproducts for either therapeutic or nutritional purposes.

关键词： Phenolic Compounds Monomeric Anthocyanins Antiradical Scaveng.ng Potential Extraction Optimization g.ape Time Solvent and Temperature