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STABILIZATION, REFORMATION AND MELTING OF POLY(L-LACTIDE) CRYSTALLITES

Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2007年第1期25卷 83-94页

作者： Tai-Yon Cho barbara heck Gert Strobl Physikalisches Institut Albert-Ludwigs-Universitt Freiburg 79104 FreiburgGermany

The large size of the crystallites in poly（L-lactide） and the low growth rate enable detailed time- and temperaturedependent X-ray scattering studies of the ordering processes to be carded out. A layer located intermediate between crystals and melt-like regions is observed which finally takes on crystalline order. Recrystallization processes during heating change the complete stack structure rather than the crystallites individually and produce voids in the stacks, Establishment of a new stable structure after a temperature jump in the melting range can be followed in time. DSC experiments indicate times of melting of the order of minutes.

关键词： Poly(L-lactide) Polymer crystallization Small angle X-ray scattering Semicrystalline structure.

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Low phase noise hybrid silicon mode-locked lasers

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2014年第3期7卷 265-276页

作者： Sudharsanan SRINIVASAN Michael DAVENPORT Martijn J. R. heck John HUTCHINSON Erik NORBERG Gregory FISH John BOWERS Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA Department of Engineering Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Aurrion Inc. Goleta CA 93117 USA

In this paper, we review recent results on hybrid silicon mode-locked lasers with a focus on low phase noise optical pulse generation. Taking a high level design approach to lowering phase noise, we show the need for long on-chip optical delay lines for mode-locked lasers to reach and overcome material limits. Key results include demonstration of the longest （cavity length 9 cm） integrated on-chip mode locked laser, 14 dB reduction of Lorentzian noise on a 20 GHz radio-frequency （RF） signal, and greater than 55 dB optical supermode noise suppres- sion using harmonically mode locked long cavity laser, 10 GHz passively mode locked laser with 15 kHz linewidth using on-chip all optical feedback stabilization.

关键词： optoelectronic devices mode-locked lasers semiconductor lasers

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Comparative transcriptomics of Central Asian Vitis vinifera accessions reveals distinct defense strategies against powdery mildew

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Horticulture Research 2015年第1期2卷 143-153页

作者： Katherine C H Amrine barbara Blanco-Ulate Summaira Riaz Dániel Pap Laura Jones Rosa Figueroa-Balderas M Andrew Walker Dario Cantu Department of Viticulture and Enology University of CaliforniaDavisDavis95616CAUSA Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Corvinus University of BudapestVillányiút 29-341118BudapestHungary

Grape powdery mildew(PM),caused by the biotrophic ascomycete Erysiphe necator,is a devastating fungal disease that affects most Vitis vinifera *** have previously identified a panel of *** accessions from Central Asia with partial resistance to PM that possess a Ren1-like local *** this study,we show that in addition to the typical Ren1-associated late post-penetration resistance,these accessions display a range of different levels of disease development suggesting that alternative alleles or additional genes contribute to determining the outcome of the interaction with the *** identify potential Ren1-dependent transcriptional responses and functions associated with the different levels of resistance,we sequenced and analyzed the transcriptomes of these Central Asian accessions at two time points of PM *** were compared to identify constitutive differences and PM-inducible responses that may underlie their disease resistant *** to *** in all resistant accessions were characterized by an early up-regulation of 13 genes,most encoding putative defense functions,and a late down-regulation of 32 genes,enriched in transcriptional regulators and protein *** Ren1-dependent responses included a hotspot of co-regulated genes on chromosome *** also identified 81 genes whose expression levels and dynamics correlated with the phenotypic differences between the most resistant accessions‘Karadzhandahal’,DVIT3351.27,and O34-16 and the other *** study provides a first exploration of the functions associated with varying levels of partial resistance to PM in *** accessions that can be exploited as sources of genetic resistance in grape breeding programs.

关键词： breeding mildew cultivar

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