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Diet and functional dyspepsia: Clinical correlates and therapeutic perspectives

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第5期26卷 456-465页

作者： Marcella Pesce Martina Cargiolli Sara Cassarano barbara Polese barbara De Conno Laura Aurino Nicola Mancino Giovanni Sarnelli Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery “Federico II”University of NaplesNaples 80131Italy GI Physiology Unit University College London HospitalLondon NW12BUUnited Kingdom

Hypervigilance and symptoms anticipation,visceral hypersensitivity and gastroduodenal sensorimotor abnormalities account for the varied clinical presentation of functional dyspepsia(FD)*** patients recognize meals as the main triggering factor;thus,dietary manipulations often represent the first-line management strategy in this cohort of ***,scarce quality evidence has been produced regarding the relationship between specific foods and/or macronutrients and the onset of FD symptoms,resulting in nonstandardized nutritional *** dietary advises are indeed empirical and often lead to exclusion diets,reinforcing in patients the perception of“being intolerant”to food and self-perpetuating some of the very mechanisms underlying dyspepsia physiopathology(i.e.,hypervigilance and symptom anticipation).Clinicians are often uncertain regarding the contribution of specific foods to dyspepsia physiopathology and dedicated professionals(i.e.,dietitians)are only available in tertiary referral *** in turn,can result in nutritionally unbalanced diets and could even encourage restrictive eating behaviors in severe *** this review,we aim at evaluating the relationship between dietary habits,macronutrients and specific foods in determining FD *** will provide an overview of the evidence-based nutritional approach that should be pursued in these patients,providing clinicians with a valuable tool in standardizing nutritional advises and discouraging patients from engaging into indiscriminate food exclusions.

关键词： Functional dyspepsia Dietary habits Food intolerances Fermentable oligosaccharides,disaccharides,monosaccharides and polyols Gluten-sensitivity Diet

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A Reverse Dynamical Investigation of the Catastrophic Wood-Snow Avalanche of 18 January 2017 at Rigopiano, Gran Sasso National Park, Italy

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第1期12卷 40-55页

作者： barbara Frigo Perry Bartelt Bernardino Chiaia Igor Chiambretti Margherita Maggioni Department of Structural Building and Geotechnical Engineering-DISEGPolitecnico di Torino10129 TurinItaly WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF 7260 Davos DorfSwitzerland Associazione Interregionale di Coordinamento e documentazione per i problemi inerenti alla Neve e alle Valanghe–AINeVA 38122 TrentoItaly Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie Universita`di TorinoForestali e Alimentari–DISAFA10095 GrugliascoTOItaly Centro Interdipartimentale sui Rischi Naturali in Ambiente Montano e Collinare–NatRisk 10095 GrugliascoTOItaly

On 18 January 2017 a catastrophic avalanche destroyed the Rigopiano Gran Sasso Resort&Wellness(Rigopiano Hotel)in the Gran Sasso National Park in Italy,with 40 people trapped and a death toll of *** article describes the location of the disaster and the general meteorological scenario,with field investigations to provide insight on the avalanche dynamics and its interaction with the hotel *** data gathered in situ suggest that the avalanche was a fluidized dry snow avalanche,which entrained a sligthtly warmer snow cover along the path and reached extremely long runout distances with braking effect from mountain *** avalanche that reached the Rigopiano area was a‘‘wood-snow’’avalanche—a mixture of snow and uprooted and crushed trees,rocks,and other *** were no direct eyewitnesses at the event,and a quick post-event survey used a numerical model to analyze the dynamics of the event to estimate the pressure,velocity,and direction of the natural flow and the causes for the destruction of the *** the magnitude and the damage caused by the event,the avalanche was at a high to very high intensity scale.

关键词： Avalanche flow velocity Avalanche impact pressure Forensic field investigation Italy Rigopiano disaster Wood-snow avalanche

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Sorption Separation of Pairs of elements with Similar Properties Pd(Ⅱ)-Pt(Ⅳ) and Pd(Ⅱ)-Cu(Ⅱ) Using Chemically Modified Silica Containing Sulfide Sulfur

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贵金属 2012年第A1期33卷 45-47页

作者： BORYAGINA I. V. VOLCHKOVA e. V. BUSLAeVA T. M. LOBANOVA U. A. ehrlich G. V. OJSC "SIC 'Supermetal'" Moscow Russia Moscow State University of Fine Chemical Technology named after M.V. Lomonosov (MITHT) Moscow Russia Moscow State University (MSU) Moscow Russia

The adsorption of Pd(Ⅱ), Pt(IV) and Cu(Ⅱ) in static and dynamic conditions on chemically modified silica containing sulfide sulfur (number of grafted functional groups of the sorbent was 0.2 (CMS-S 0.2) and 0 3 mmol/g (CMS-S 0.3)) was studied. It is established that an increase in the acidity of the sorption of Pd(Ⅱ) and Pt(Ⅳ) decreases, whereas the Cu(Ⅱ) does not change. Time to reach the constant values of the sorption is 15 min. In equal conditions, the sorption decreases in the number of Pd(Ⅱ)>Pt(IV)>Cu(Ⅱ). Based on retrieved data suggested that the sorption of Pd(Ⅱ) proceeds according the coordination mechanism. In the case of sorption from solutions with a high palladium content can be polymerization of adsorbed complexes in the sorbent phase. Worked out the optimal conditions for the separation of pairs of Pd(Ⅱ)-Pt(Ⅳ) and Pd(Ⅱ)-Cu(Ⅱ) under dynamic conditions with the extraction of palladium(Ⅱ) in the eluate is above 95%.

关键词： sorption palladium platinum copper sorbent separation chelation desorption.

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Collembola communities and soil conditions in forest plantations established in an intensively managed agricultural area

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第5期32卷 1819-1832页

作者： István Harta barbara Simon Szergej Vinogradov Dániel Winkler Institute of environmental Science Szent István UniversityGödöllőHungary Institute of Methodology Szent István UniversityGödöllőHungary Institute of Wildlife Management and Vertebrate Zoology University of SopronSopronHungary

The challenges of a changing climate have directed greater attention to afforestation,but the effects of afforestation on soil fertility and soil biota have not been fully *** explore changes in the soil conditions in two 20-year-old forest plantations established in formerly intensively fertilized plots of agricultural land,we focused on the current developmental state of the sites that received the most fertilizer and evaluated soil properties and Collembola(springtails)*** oak(Quercus petraea)and black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia)that had been planted in the afforestation sites were assessed for differences between plantations of native and invasive *** adjacent reference associations,including forests and open habitats,were also analyzed and *** showed that the soils in the two afforested sites were similar in their properties and Collembola communities to those of the control cultivated forests,but differed from each other in pH,calcium,phosphorus,and ammonium *** available potassium and phosphorus contents in the soil of the sessile oak plantation were still high,while the soil organic matter content was adequate(SOM>2.0%)in both *** richness of Collembola ranged from 18 in the cultivated arable land to 43 in the relict *** a few species typical for forests(e.g.,Neanura muscorum,Isotomiella minor,entomobrya muscorum)were detected in the young plantations,while species characteristic of open habitats(e.g.,Protaphorura campata,Lepidocyrtus cyaneus)occurred as *** more individuals and species of Collembola were present in the soil of young plantations than in arable fields,their community diversities were significantly lower compared to the control forest *** community diversity differed significantly also between the two plantation types(with native and non-native tree species).Mean abundance in the afforested sites was about 2.5 times higher than in the cultiv

关键词： Afforestation Diversity Fertilizers Soil fauna Soil properties Springtails

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Using detection dogs and genetic analyses of scat to expand knowledge and assist felid conservation in Misiones, Argentina

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第5期9卷 623-639页

作者： Karen e.DeMATTeO Miguel A.RINAS Carina F.ARGÜeLLeS Bernardo e.HOLMAN Mario S.DI BITeTTI barbara DAVeNPORT Patricia G.PARKeR Lori S.eGGeRT Department of Biology University of MissouriSt.LouisUSA WildCare Institute at the Saint Louis Zoo St.LouisUSA Ministerio de ecología y Recursos Naturales Renovables Argentina Instituto de Biología Subtropical(IBS)-nodo Posadas Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Misiones(UNaM)Argentina Facultad de Ciencias exactas Químicas y NaturalesUNaMArgentina IBS-nodo Puerto Iguazú CONICET-UNaMArgentina Asociación Civil Centro de Investigaciones del Bosque Atlántico Argentina PackLeader Dog Training LLC Division of Biological Sciences University of MissouriColumbiaUSA

Many carnivores require large ranges to meet their ecological and energetic needs;however,anthropogenic changes threaten species and their *** traps have been used to effectively collect data on carnivores in a variety of habitat types;however,a single survey effort is typically limited to species that have similar body size,habitat use and movement patterns,and individual identification of animals is not always pos*** evaluated whether scat detection dogs could effectively survey for 4 wide-ranging felids that vary in these characteristics:jaguars(Panthera onca),pumas(Puma concolor),ocelots(Leopardus pardalis)and oncillas(Leopardus tigrinus).From June to October 2009 and May to August 2011,a detection dog-handler team detected 588 scats,from which 176 unique genotypes were *** assigned sex to 84.7%of the genotyped scats and identified 55 individuals multiple *** effectiveness of these noninvasive techniques(detection dogs and genetic analyses of scat)not only opens the door for additional studies in areas that were previously difficult or impossible with standard survey techniques,but also provides conservationists with a set of tools that overcome some of the limitations associated with the use of camera traps alone.

关键词： conservation detection dogs felids genetics noninvasive techniques

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Precracking and interfacial delamination in a bi-material structure:Static and dynamic loadings

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2011年第1期27卷 80-89页

作者： barbara Gambin Jordanka Ivanova Varbinka Valeva Gergana Nikolova Institute of Fundamental Technological Research Institute of Mechanics

The behavior of a precracked bi-material structure interface under given static and dynamic axial loading is an interest object in the present ***,it is shown that the shear-lag model is a proper tool to analyze a delamination process in a precracked bi-material structure undergoing static ***,the＂shear-lag model＂is applied to the structure under dynamic *** solve the problem for an interface delamination of the structure and to determine the debond length along the interface,our own 2D boundary element method（BeM）code is proposed in the case of static loading,and the shear-lag model together with the Laplace transforms and half-analytical calculations are used in the case of dynamic *** interface layer is assumed as a very thin plate compared with the other *** parametric（geometric and elastic）analysis of the debond length and interface shear stress is done. The results from the 2D BeM code proved the validity of analytical solutions to the shear-lag *** the dynamic case,the influence of loading characteristics,i.e.,frequencies and amplitude fluctuations on the shear stress and the value of debond length for an interval of time,is discussed. The analysis of the obtained results is illustrated by an example of the modern ceramic-metal composite,namely cermet, and depicted in figures.

关键词： Debond length · Precracked bi-material structure · Shear-lag model · Delamination · BeM

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Obligatory parthenogenesis and Te load： Bacillus stick insects and the R2 non-LTR retrotransposon

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Insect Science 2017年第3期24卷 409-417页

作者： Livia Bonandin Claudia Scavariello Valentina Mingazzini Andrea Luchetti barbara Mantovani Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche Geologiche e Ambientali Universit~ di Bologna Bologna Italy

Transposable elements （Tes） are selfish genetic elements whose self-replication is contrasted by the host genome. In this context, host reproductive strategies are predicted to impact on both Tes load and activity. The presence and insertion distribution of the non- LTR retrotransposon R2 was here studied in populations of the strictly bisexual Bacillus grandii maretimi and of the obligatory parthenogenetic Bacillus atticus atticus. Further- more, data were also obtained from the offspring of selected B. a. atticus females. At the population level, the gonochoric B. g. maretimi showed a significantly higher R2 load than the obligatory parthenogenetic B. a. atticus. The comparison with bisexual and unisexual Bacillus rossius populations showed that their values were higher than those recorded for B. a. atticus and similar, or even higher, than those of B. g. maretimi. Consistently, an R2 load reduction is scored in B. a. atticus offspring even if with a great variance. On the whole, data here produced indicate that in the obligatory unisexual B. a. atticus R2 is active and that mechanisms of molecular turnover are effective. Furthermore, progeny analyses show that, at variance of the facultative parthenogenetic B. rossius, the R2 activ- ity is held at a lower rate. Modeling parental-offspring inheritance, suggests that in B. a. atticus recombination plays a major role in eliminating insertions rather than selection, as previously suggested for unisexual B. rossius progeny, even if in both cases a high variance is observed. In addition to this, mechanisms of R2 silencing or chances of clonal selection cannot be ruled out.

关键词： insertion activity Muller's ratchet Phasmida recombination retrotranspo-son unisexuality

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Batch and fixed-bed column studies of selenite removal from contaminated water by orange peel-based sorbent

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Water Science and engineering 2020年第4期13卷 307-316页

作者： barbara Perez Mora Fernando A.Bertoni María F.Mangiameli Juan C.Gonzalez Sebastian e.Bellu Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences National University of RosarioRosario S2002LRKArgentina Chemistry Institute of Rosario National Council of Scientific and Technological ResearchRosario S2002LRKArgentina

Orange peel is a biomass derived from citrus processing with desirable properties for metal *** recent years,orange peel has been used to remove various heavy metals and toxic ***(Se)is an essential trace element for ***,when the concentration of selenium exceeds an umbral limit,it becomes *** this study,orange peel was used to treat Se(IV)-contaminated water.A high sorption capacity of 32.5 mg/g was obtained at a temperature of 20℃and a pH of *** groups bound Se(IV)to the surface of the orange *** sorption process was spontaneous and endothermic.A chemical sorption mechanism was involved in the removal of Se(IV).The Thomas and modified dose-response models were used to simulate the experimental breakthrough *** bed depth service time model was used to calculate the critical bed depth(Z0),and the calculated Z0 value was 1.6 *** study reveals that orange peel is a useful sorbent for Se(IV),and can be used for the purification of Se(IV)-contaminated water.©2020 Hohai *** and hosting by elsevier *** is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Sorption Orange peel Removal of heavy metal Selenium-contaminated water Sorbent Breakthrough curve

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Towards Textbook efficiency for Parallel Multigrid

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2015年第1期8卷 22-46页

作者： Bjorn Gmeiner Ulrich Rude Holger Stengel Christian Waluga barbara Wohlmuth Institute for Numerical Mathematics(M2) Technische Universitat MunchenBoltzmannstrasse 3D-85748 Garching b.MünchenGermany Department of Computer Science 10 FAU Erlangen-NürnbergCauerstraße 6D–91058 ErlangenGermany erlangen Regional Computing Center(RRZe) FAU Erlangen-NürnbergMartensstraße 1D–91058 ErlangenGermany

In this work,we extend Achi Brandt’s notion of textbook multigrid effi-ciency(TMe)to massively parallel *** a finite element based geomet-ric multigrid implementation,we recall the classical view on TMe with experiments for scalar linear equations with constant and varying coefficients as well as linear systems with saddle-point *** extend the idea of TMe to the parallel set-ting,we give a new characterization of a work unit(WU)in an architecture-aware fashion by taking into account performance modeling *** illustrate our newly introduced parallel TMe measure by large-scale computations,solving prob-lems with up to 200 billion unknowns on a TOP-10 supercomputer.

关键词： Multigrid parallel computing textbook efficiency finite element method

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Temperature effect on the sensitivity of the copepod eucyclops serrulatus （Crustacea, Copepoda, Cyclopoida） to agricultural pollutants in the hyporheic zone

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Current Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 629-640页

作者： Tiziana DI LOReNZO Walter D. DI MARZIO Marco CIFONI barbara FIASCA M. BARATTI Maria e. SAeNZ Diana M.P. GALASSI Institute of ecosystem Study - CNR - National Research Council of Italy Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Florence Italy Programa de Investigacion en ecotoxicologia Departamento de Ciencias Basicas Universidad Nacional de Lujan - Comision National de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas CONICET Argentina Department of Life Health and Environmental Sciences University of L'Aquila Via Vetoio 1 Coppito 67100 L'Aquila Italy

The sensitivity of freshwater invertebrates to agricultural pollutants is supposed to increase with rising temperature due to global warming. The aim of this study was to measure the effect of temperature on the lethal toxicity of ammonia-N, the herbicide Imazamox and the mixture of the two chemicals, in the adults and the juveniles of a population of the copepod eucyc- lops serrulatus. This is a widely distributed species found in surface waters, in transitional habitats between surface water and groundwater, and in genuine groundwater environments. We tested the sensitivity by short-term bioassays （96 h） at 15℃ and 18℃, respectively. Our results highlighted the following：（1） increasing temperature affected the sensitivity of the adults to am- monia-N and of the juveniles to the mixture, all of which were more sensitive to its detrimental effects at 18~C; （2） the juvenile stages were more sensitive than the adults to all toxicants, and （3） for all combinations of chemicals and temperatures, the effects were synergistic and approximately one order of magnitude greater than those expected according to a concentration addition model when comparing the LC50 for each chemical in the mixture with the LC50s of chemicals individually assayed. Overall, in a context of global change, ammonia-N and mixtures of agricultural pollutants may affect the survival rate of species that spend a part or the whole life-cycle in the hyporheic habitat, with detrimental effects to biodiversity and ecosystem services provided by the hyporheic biota [Current Zoology 61 （4）： 629~540, 2015].

关键词： Hyporheie Global wanning Copepods Ammonia Herbicide Mixtures

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