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Metal-Halide Perovskite Submicrometer-Thick Films for Ultra-Stable Self-Powered Direct X-Ray detectors

Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 410-431页

作者： marco Girolami Fabio Matteocci Sara Pettinato Valerio Serpente Eleonora Bolli barbara Paci Amanda Generosi Stefano Salvatori Aldo Di Carlo Daniele M.Trucchi CNR‑ISM Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheIstituto di Struttura della MateriaSede Secondaria di MontelibrettiDiaTHEMA LabStrada Provinciale 35D900010 MontelibrettiRomeItaly CHOSE–Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy Department of Electronic EngineeringUniversity of Rome“Tor Vergata”Via del Politecnico 100133 RomeItaly Faculty of Engineering Universita degli Studi Niccolo CusanoVia don Carlo Gnocchi 300166 RomeItaly SpecXLab CNR‑ISMConsiglio Nazionale Delle RicercheIstituto di Struttura Della MateriaArea della Ricerca di Tor VergataVia del Fosso del Cavaliere 10000133 RomeItaly

Metal-halide perovskites are revolutionizing the world of X-ray detectors,due to the development of sensitive,fast,and cost-effective devices.Self-powered operation,ensuring portability and low power consumption,has also been recently demonstrated in both bulk materials and thin films.However,the signal stability and repeatability under continuous X-ray exposure has only been tested up to a few hours,often reporting degradation of the detection performance.Here it is shown that self-powered direct X-ray detectors,fabricated starting from a FAPbBr_(3)submicrometer-thick film deposition onto a mesoporous TiO_(2)scaffold,can withstand a 26-day uninterrupted X-ray exposure with negligible signal loss,demonstrating ultra-high operational stability and excellent repeatability.No structural modification is observed after irradiation with a total ionizing dose of almost 200 Gy,revealing an unexpectedly high radiation hardness for a metal-halide perovskite thin film.In addition,trap-assisted photoconductive gain enabled the device to achieve a record bulk sensitivity of 7.28 C Gy^(−1)cm^(−3)at 0 V,an unprecedented value in the field of thin-film-based photoconductors and photodiodes for“hard”X-rays.Finally,prototypal validation under the X-ray beam produced by a medical linear accelerator for cancer treatment is also introduced.

关键词： Metal-halide perovskite thin films Direct X-ray detectors Self-powered devices Operational stability Medical linear accelerator

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Modeling of recrystallization behaviour of AA6XXX aluminum alloy profile during extrusion process

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年

作者： marco Negozio Antonio Segatori Riccardo Pelaccia barbara Reggiani Sara Di Donato Lorenzo Donati DIN department of Industrial Engineering – University of Bologna University of Parma-department of Engineering and Architecture Parco Area delle Scienze Hydro Innovation and Technology InterMech-MO.RE – University of Modena and Reggio Emilia DISMI department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering University of Modena and Reggio Emilia

An innovative approach was introduced for the development of a AA6063 recrystallization model. This method incorporated a regression-based technique for the determination of material constants and introduced novel equations for assessing the grain size evolution. Calibration and validation of this methodology involved a combination of experimentally acquired microstructural data from the extrusion of three different AA6063 profiles and results from the simulation using the Qform Extrusion UK finite element code. The outcomes proved the agreement between experimental findings and numerical prediction of the microstructural evolution. The trend of the grain size variation based on different process parameters has been accurately simulated， both after dynamic and static recrystallization， with an error rate of less than 25% in almost the whole sampling computations.

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Accretion in strong field gravity with eXTP

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第2期62卷 45-73页

作者： Alessandra de Rosa Phil Uttley LiJun Gou Yuan Liu Cosimo Bambi Didier Barret Tomaso Belloni Emanuele Berti Stefano Bianchi Ilaria Caiazzo Piergiorgio Casella marco Feroci Valeria Ferrari Leonardo Gualtieri Jeremy Heyl Adam Ingram Vladimir Karas FangJun Lu Bin Luo Giorgio Matt Sara Motta Joseph Neilsen Paolo Pani Andrea Santangelo XinWen Shu JunFeng Wang Jian-Min Wang YongQuan Xue YuPeng Xu WeiMin Yuan YeFei Yuan Shuang-Nan Zhang Shu Zhang Ivan Agudo Lorenzo Amati Nils Andersson Cristina Baglio Pavel Bakala Altan Baykal Sudip Bhattacharyya Ignazio Bombaci NiccolóBucciantini Fiamma Capitanio Riccardo Ciolfi Wei K.Cui Filippo D'Ammando Thomas Dauser Melania del Santo barbara de marco Tiziana Di Salvo Chris Done Michal Dovciak Andrew C.Fabian Maurizio Falanga Angelo Francesco Gambino Bruce Gendre Victoria Grinberg Alexander Heger Jeroen Homan Rosario Iaria JiaChen Jiang ChiChuan Jin Elmar Koerding Manu Linares Zhu Liu Thomas J.Maccarone Julien Malzac Antonios Manousakis Frédéric Marin Andea Marinucci Missagh Mehdipour Mariano Méndez Simone Migliari Cole Miller Giovanni Miniutti Emanuele Nardini Paul T.O'Brien Julian P.Osborne Pierre Olivier Petrucci Andrea Possenti Alessandro Riggio Jerome Rodriguez Andrea Sanna LiJing Shao Malgosia Sobolewska Eva Sramkova Abigail L.Stevens Holger Stiele Giulia Stratta Zdenek Stuchlik Jiri Svoboda Fabrizio Tamburini Thomas M.Tauris Francesco Tombesi Gabriel Torok Martin Urbanec Frederic Vincent QingWen Wu Feng Yuan Jean J.M.in't Zand Andrzej A.Zdziarski XinLin Zhou INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologie Spaziali Via Fosso del Cavaliere Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy University of Amsterdam National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Science Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Science Center for Field Theory and Particle Physics and department of Physics Fudan University IRAP Universitéde ToulouseCNRSUPSCNES INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera department of Physics and Astronomy The University of MississippiUniversity Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica Universitàdegli studi Roma Tre University of British Columbia INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma INFN-Roma 2 c/o Dipartimento di Fisica II Universit?di Roma"Tor Vergata" Dipartimento di Fisica Universitàdegli Studi di Roma"La Sapienza"&Sezione INFN Roma1 department of Physics University of OxfordClarendon Laboratory Astronomical Institute Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik Eberhard Karls Universität department of Physics Anhui Normal University department of Astronomy and Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Xiamen University CAS Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Department of AstronomyUniversity of Science and Technology of China Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucia(CSIC) Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica cosmica di Bologna Mathematical Sciences and STAG Research Centre University of Southampton New York University Abu Dhabi Institute of Physics and Research Centre for Computational Physics and Data Processing Faculty of Philosophy&ScienceSilesian University in OpavaíBezru?ovo nám. department of Physics Middle East Technical University department of Astronomy and Astrophysics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Dipartimento di Fisica Universit?di Pisa&INFN INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova INFN-TIFPA Trento Ins

In this paper we describe the potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry(eXTP) mission for studies related to accretion flows in the strong field gravity regime around both stellar-mass and supermassive black-holes. eXTP has the unique capability of using advanced "spectral-timing-polarimetry" techniques to analyze the rapid variations with three orthogonal diagnostics of the flow and its geometry, yielding unprecedented insight into the inner accreting regions, the effects of strong field gravity on the material within them and the powerful outflows which are driven by the accretion process.

关键词： X-ray black holes physics accretion

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Suitability of Hermetia illucens larvae meal and fat in broiler diets:effects on animal performance,apparent ileal digestibility,gut histology,and microbial metabolites

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1386-1401页

作者： Kristina Hartinger Katharina Froschl marco Antonio Ebbing barbara Bruschek-Pfleger Karl Schedle Christiane Schwarz Martin Gierus department of Agrobiotechnology Institute of Animal NutritionLivestock Productsand Nutrition PhysiologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria

Background:The possibility of partially replacing soybean meal(SBM)with Hermetia illucens(HI)defatted larvae meal in broiler nutrition has frequently been suggested.For sustainability reasons,however,the larvae fat produced during defatting should also be used and could be particularly beneficial regarding gut health due to its fatty acid composition.To evaluate the suitability of HI larvae as protein and fat source,a 2×3 factorial arrangement with two types of protein,i.e.SBM(S)or SBM and 15%of its crude protein replaced by HI larvae meal(L),and three levels of fat sources,namely 0(0 L),50%(50 L)or 100%HI larvae fat(100 L)at the expense of soybean oil was applied.Results:In the starter phase,an interaction showed higher body weight(BW),average daily gain(ADG)and improved feed conversion ratio(FCR)if 50%or 100%HI larvae fat was fed with HI larvae meal.Moreover,BW,ADG and FCR improved when feeding HI larvae meal as protein source.Additionally,we observed an increased average daily feed intake in the grower,finisher,and overall phase in the L groups and an improved FCR in 0 L compared to 50 L groups during the overall period.Regarding apparent ileal digestibility,HI larvae meal feeding increased dry matter,organic matter,and fat digestibility.Feeding HI larvae meal as protein source decreased the concentrations of agmatine,spermidine,spermine and ammonia in the caecal digesta,whereas fat source affected agmatine with higher concentrations in 50 L compared to 0 L in the colonic digesta.In contrast,caecal ethanolamine concentrations increased in HI larvae meal groups compared to SBM.Caecal butyric acid concentrations decreased with HI larvae meal feeding.An interaction was found for the jejunal villus area,being higher in L+100 L compared to S+100 L.Furthermore,L groups had greater villus width.Conclusions:A partial replacement of SBM with HI larvae meal and soybean oil with HI larvae fat in broiler diets without impairing animal performance or gut health seems possible.Feeding HI larvae meal affected broiler perform

关键词： Broiler chicken Hermetia illucens Larvae fat Larvae meal Lauric acid Microbial metabolites Performance

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Glacial biodiversity of the southernmost glaciers of the European Alps(Clapier and Peirabroc,Italy)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第8期19卷 2139-2159页

作者： barbara VALLE Mauro GOBBI Marta TOGNETTI Marina Serena BORGATTI Chiara COMPOSTELLA Paolo PANTINI marco CACCIANIGA Universitàdegli Studi di Milano Department of BiosciencesVia Celoria 2620133 MilanoItaly MUSE-Science Museum of Trento Research and Museum Collections OfficeClimate and Ecology UnitCorso del Lavoro e della Scienza338122 TrentoItaly Universitàdegli Studi di Milano Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra"A.Desio"Via Mangiagalli 3420133 MilanoItaly Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali"E.Caffi" Piazza della Cittadella1024129 BergamoItaly

We applied a multi-taxa approach integrating the co-occurrence of plants,ground beetles,spiders and springtails with soil parameters(temperatures and chemical characteristics)in order to describe the primary succession along two glacier forelands in the Maritime Alps(Italy),a hotspot of Mediterranean biodiversity.We compared these successions to those from Central Alps:Maritime glacier forelands markedly differ for their higher values of species richness and species turnover.Contrary to our expectation,Maritime glacier forelands follow a‘replacement change model’,like continental succession of Inner Alps and differently from other peripheral successions.We propose that the temperatures along these Mediterranean glacier forelands are warmer than those along other Alpine glacier forelands,which promote the faster species turnover.Furthermore,we found that early and mid successional stages of the investigated glaciers are richer in cold-adapted and endemic species than the later ones:we confirmed that the‘replacement change’model disadvantages pioneer,cold-adapted species.Given the overall correspondence among coldadapted and endemic species,the most threatened in this climate phase,our results raise new concerns about the extinction risk of these species.We also describe supraglacial habitat of Maritime glaciers demonstrating that supraglacial debris represents an environment decoupled from the regional climate and may have an important role as refugium for coldadapted and hygrophilous plant and animal species,whose survival can be threatened by climate change and by a rapid ecological succession in the adjacent forelands.

关键词： Arthropod communities Cold-adapted species Glacier forelands Plant communities Primary succession

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Litter removal impacts on soil biodiversity and eucalypt plantation development in the seasonal tropics

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第3期34卷 735-748页

作者： Jonas Inkotte barbara Bomfim Sarah Camelo da Silva marco Bruno Xavier Valadão Márcio Gonçalves da Rosa Roberta Batista Viana Alcides Gatto Reginaldo SPereira department of Forestry Engineering University of BrasiliaBrasíliaDistrito FederalBrazil Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA SESI/SENAI Social Service Industry Santa Catarina StateChapecóBrazil

The little layer of tree plantations provides primary nutrients for uptake,buff ers changes in soil moisture,and provides habitat and substrate to soil epigeic fauna.However,this layer in eucalypt plantations is often removed to reduce fuel load during the fi re season in the Brazilian savanna(Cerrado).Therefore,it is necessary to quantify the eff ects of changes in litter dynamics on the function of these plantations,on key nutrient cycling processes and on epigeic fauna diversity and abundance.In two adjacent stands(one juvenile and one mature),the consequences of two years of litter removal were quantifi ed as monthly litterfall,leaf and fi ne wood litter decomposition,epigeic fauna abundance and diversity,soil biogeochemical variables,and tree diameter and basal area increments.Monthly litterfall rates in juvenile and mature stands did not change with litter removal over the study period.Annual litterfall ranged from 4.1 to 4.9 Mg ha^(−1)a^(−1)in litter removal plots and from 3.9 to 4.8 Mg ha^(−1)a^(−1)in control plots.Fine wood litter decomposition was slower in litter removal plots compared to controls,while leaf decomposition rates were similar in both.Two years of litter removal in the juvenile stand did not aff ect topsoil biogeochemical parameters but decreased available phosphorus at 20–40 cm depth relative to controls.In the mature stand,total cation exchange capacity(0–20 cm)was higher in controls(6.4 cmol c dm^(−3))relative to litter removal plots(6.3 cmol c dm^(−3)),while soil moisture(0–40 cm depth)was lower in litter removal(25.45 m 3 m^(−3))compared to control plots(26 m^(3)m^(−3))in the dry season.A non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination revealed an increased homogeneity in epigeic fauna where litter was removed.Litterfall,decomposition,diameter increment,four soil physical parameters and fourteen chemical parameters at 0–20 and 20–40 cm depth explained the diff erences in soil epigeic fauna composition between litter removal and control plots.Diameter increment decreased with litter re

关键词： Cerrado Nutrient cycling Soil ecology Soil epigeic fauna Plantation management

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Bile-acid-activated farnesoid X receptor regulates hydrogen sulfide production and hepatic microcirculation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第17期15卷 2097-2108页

作者： barbara Renga Andrea Mencarelli marco Migliorati Eleonora Distrutti Stefano Fiorucci department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Perugia Via E dal Pozzo 06122 Perugia Italy Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia Ospedale Santa Maria della Misericordia 06122 Perugia Italy

AIM: To investigate whether the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) regulates expression of liver cystathionase (CSE), a gene involved in hydrogen sulfi de (H2S) generation. METHODS: The regulation of CSE expression in response to FXR ligands was evaluated in HepG2 cells and in wild-type and FXR null mice treated with 6-ethyl chenodeoxycholic acid (6E-CDCA), a synthetic FXR ligand. The analysis demonstrated an FXR responsive element in the 5'-flanking region of the human CSE gene. The function of this site was investigated by luciferase reporter assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Livers obtained from rats treated with carbon tetrachloride alone, or in combination with 6-ethyl chenodeoxycholic acid, were studied for hydrogen sulphide generation and portal pressure measurement. RESULTS: Liver expression of CSE is regulated by bile acids by means of an FXR-mediated mechanism. Western blotting, qualitative and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, as well as immunohistochemical analysis, showed that expression of CSE in HepG2 cells and in mice is induced by treatment with an FXR ligand. Administration of 6E-CDCA to carbon tetrachloride treated rats protected against the down-regulation of CSE expression, increased H2S generation, reduced portal pressure and attenuated the endothelial dysfunction of isolated and perfused cirrhotic rat livers. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that CSE is an FXR-regulated gene and provide a new molecular explanation for the pathophysiology of portal hypertension.

关键词：肝脏微循环受体调节硫化氢胆汁酸 HepG2细胞定量聚合酶链反应免疫组织化学分析鹅去氧胆酸

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Laparoscopic diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma presenting with pseudoachalasia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第28期15卷 3569-3572页

作者： Greta Saino Davide Bona marco Nencioni barbara Rubino Luigi Bonavina department of Surgery Universityof Milano School of Medicine IRCCS Policlinico San DonatoVia Morandi 30 20097 San Donato Milanese (Milano) Italy

Pseudoachalasia due to pleural mesothelioma is an extremely rare condition.A 70-year-old woman presented with progressive dysphagia for solid and liquids and a mild weight loss.A barium swallow study revealed an esophageal dilatation and a smoothly narrowed esophagogastric junction.An esophageal manometry showed absence of peristalsis.Endoscopy demonstrated an extrinsic stenosis of the distal esophagus with negative biopsies.A marked thickening of the distal esophagus and a right-sided pleural effusion were evident at computed tomography(CT) scan, but cytological examination of the thoracic fluid was negative.Endoscopic ultrasound showed the disappearance of the distal esophageal wall stratif ication and thickening of the esophageal wall.The patient underwent an explorative laparoscopy.Biopsies of the esophageal muscle were consistent with the diagnosis of epithelioid type pleural mesothelioma.An esophageal stent was placed for palliation of dysphagia.The patient died four months after the diagnosis.This is the flrst reported case of pleural mesothelioma diagnosed through laparoscopy.

关键词：腹腔镜诊断计算机断层扫描膜胸腔积液食管食道交界处

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Choroidal vascularity index in thyroidassociated ophthalmopathy:a crosssectional study

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Eye and Vision 2021年第4期8卷 175-182页

作者： Pasquale Loiudice marco Pellegrini Michele Marinò barbara Mazzi Ilaria Ionni Giuseppe Covello Michele Figus marco Nardi Giamberto Casini department of Surgical Ophthalmology UnitMedicalMolecular and Critical Area PathologyUniversity of PisaVia Savi1056126 PisaItaly Ophthalmology Unit S.Orsola-Malpighi University HospitalUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Endocrinology Unit IUniversity Hospital of PisaPisaItaly

Background:Hemodynamic changes have been observed in patients with Graves’disease.The aim of our study was to evaluate choroidal vascular change using the choroidal vascularity index(CVI)in patients with thyroidassociated ophthalmopathy(TAO).Methods:In this cross-sectional observational study,40 patients affected by TAO were recruited.Forty healthy individuals,matched for age and sex,served as controls.Foveal enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography scans were obtained from all participants.Images were binarized using the ImageJ software and luminal area(LA)and total choroidal area(TCA)were measured.CVI was calculated as the proportion of LA to TCA.The relation between CVI or subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT)and clinical activity score,exophthalmometric value,diplopia status,gender,and age was evaluated.Results:CVI was significantly higher in patients with TAO(P=0.004).No significant difference was observed in SFCT(P=0.200)and TCA(P=0.153)comparing TAO patients and healthy controls.LA was significantly higher in TAO group(P=0.045).On multiple regression analysis,CVI was associated with TCA(P=0.043).No association was found between SFCT or CVI and TCA,clinical activity score,exophthalmometric value,Inami value,diplopia status,gender or age(P>0.05).Conclusions:This is the first study that has demonstrated an increase in CVI in eyes with TAO compared with healthy controls and has assessed its association with clinical features.

关键词： Choroidal vascularity index Choroidal vasculature Enhanced depth optical coherence tomography Image binarization Luminal area Subfoveal choroidal thickness Thyroid-associate ophthalmopathy

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Effect of ancient Khorasan wheat on gut microbiota,inflammation,and short-chain fatty acid production in patients with fibromyalgia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第18期28卷 1965-1980页

作者： Simone Baldi Giuditta Pagliai Monica Dinu Leandro Di Gloria Giulia Nannini Lavinia Curini marco Pallecchi Edda Russo Elena Niccolai Giovanna Danza Stefano Benedettelli Giovanna Ballerini barbara Colombini Gianluca Bartolucci Matteo Ramazzotti Francesco Sofi Amedeo Amedei department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Unit of Clinical Nutrition Careggi University HospitalFlorence 50134Italy department of Neurosciences PsychologyDrug Research and Child HealthSection of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceSesto Fiorentino 50019Italy department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences“Mario Serio”University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and ForestryUniversity of FlorenceFlorence 50144Italy Multidisciplinary Center for Pain Therapy Reference Center for FibromyalgiaPiero Palagi HospitalUSL Toscana CentroFlorence 50122Italy SOD of Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine Careggi University HospitalFlorence 50134Italy

BACKGROUND Fibromyalgia(FM)syndrome is mainly characterized by widespread pain,sleeping disorders,fatigue,and cognitive dysfunction.In many cases,gastrointestinal distress is also reported,suggesting the potential pathogenic role of the gut microbiota(GM).The GM is deeply influenced by several environmental factors,especially the diet,and recent findings highlighted significant symptom improvement in FM patients following various nutritional interventions such as vegetarian diet,low-fermentable oligosaccharides,disaccharides,monosaccharides,and polyols based diets,gluten-free diet,and especially an ancient grain supplementation.In particular,a recent study reported that a replacement diet with ancient Khorasan wheat led to an overall improvement in symptom severity of FM patients.AIM To examine the effects of ancient Khorasan wheat on the GM,inflammation,and short-chain fatty acid production in FM patients.METHODS After a 2-wk run-in period,20 FM patients were enrolled in this randomized,double-blind crossover trial.In detail,they were assigned to consume either Khorasan or control wheat products for 8 wk and then,following an 8-wk washout period,crossed.Before and after treatments,GM characterization was performed by 16S rRNA sequencing while the fecal molecular inflammatory response and the short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)were respectively determined with the Luminex MAGPIX detection system and a mass chromatography-mass spectrometry method.RESULTS The Khorasan wheat replacement diet,in comparison with the control wheat diet,had more positive effects on intestinal microbiota composition and on both the fecal immune and SCFAs profiles such as the significant increase of butyric acid levels(P=0.054),candidatus Saccharibacteria(P=9.95e-06)and Actinobacteria,and the reduction of Enterococcaceae(P=4.97e-04).Moreover,the improvement of various FM symptoms along with the variation of some gut bacteria after the Khorasan wheat diet have been documented;in fact we reported positive correlations between Actinobacteria and

关键词： Fibromialgya Gut microbiota Khorasan wheat Fibromialgya symptoms Ancient wheat

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