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Language training for oral and written naming impairment in primary progressive aphasia:a review

Translational Neurodegeneration 2021年第3期10卷 297-330页

作者： Ilaria Pagnoni Elena Gobbi Enrico Premi barbara borroni Giuliano Binetti Maria Cotelli Rosa Manenti Neuropsychology Unit IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio FatebenefratelliBresciaItaly Vascular Neurology Unit Department of Neurological and Vision SciencesASST Spedali CiviliBresciaItaly Neurology Unit Department of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly MAC Memory Clinic and Molecular Markers Laboratory IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio FatebenefratelliBresciaItaly

Background Primary progressive aphasia(PPA)is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a gradual,insidious and progressive loss of language abilities,with naming difficulties being an early and persistent impairment common to all three *** the absence of effective pharmacological treatments and given the progressive nature of the disorder,in the past few decades,many studies have investigated the effectiveness of language training to minimize the functional impact of word-finding difficulties in daily *** body We review language treatments most commonly used in clinical practice among patients with different variants of PPA,with a focus on the enhancement of spoken and written naming *** of gains to the ability to name untrained stimuli or to other language abilities and the maintenance of these results over time are also ***-eight studies were included in this literature review,identifying four main types of language treatment:a)lexical retrieval treatment,b)phonological and/or orthographic treatment,c)semantic treatment,and d)a multimodality approach ***,language training is able to induce immediate improvements of naming abilities in all variants of ***,despite the large variability among results,generalization and long-term effects can be recorded after the *** reviewed studies also suggest that one factor that determines the choice of a particular approach is the compromised components of the lexical/semantic processing *** The majority of studies have demonstrated improvements of naming abilities following language *** the progressive nature of PPA,it is essential to apply language treatment in the early stages of the disease.

关键词： Agrammatic variant of primary progressive aphasia Semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia Logopenic/phonological variant of PPA Naming

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Transcranial direct current stimulation enhances theory of mind in Parkinson’s disease patients with mild cognitive impairment:a randomized,double-blind,sham-controlled study

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2019年第1期8卷 1-13页

作者： Mauro Adenzato Rosa Manenti Ivan Enrici Elena Gobbi Michela Brambilla Antonella Alberici Maria Sofia Cotelli Alessandro Padovani barbara borroni Maria Cotelli Department of Psychology University of TurinTurinItaly Neuroscience Institute of Turin TurinItaly Neuropsychology Unit IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio–FatebenefratelliBresciaItaly Department of Philosophy and Educational Sciences University of Turinvia Gaudenzio Ferrari 910124 TurinItaly Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders Neurology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly

Background:Parkinson’s Disease(PD)with mild cognitive impairment(MCI)(PD-MCI)represents one of the most dreaded complications for patients with PD and is associated with a higher risk of developing *** transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)has been demonstrated to improve motor and non-motor symptoms in PD,to date,no study has investigated the effects of tDCS on Theory of Mind(ToM),i.e.,the ability to understand and predict other people’s behaviours,in ***:In this randomized,double-blind,sham-controlled study,we applied active tDCS over the medial frontal cortex(MFC)to modulate ToM performance in twenty patients with *** matched healthy controls(HC)were also enrolled and were asked to perform the ToM task without receiving ***:In the patients with PD-MCI,i)ToM performance was worse than that in the HC,ii)ToM abilities were poorer in those with fronto-executive difficulties,and iii)tDCS over the MFC led to significant shortening of latency for ToM ***:We show for the first time that active tDCS over the MFC enhances ToM in patients with PD-MCI,and suggest that non-invasive brain stimulation could be used to ameliorate ToM deficits observed in these patients.

关键词： Medial frontal cortex(MFC) Mild cognitive impairment(MCI) Parkinson’s disease(PD) Theory of mind(ToM) Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)

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First live sighting of Deraniyagala’s beaked whale(Mesoplodon hotaula)or ginkgo-toothed beaked whale(Mesoplodon ginkgodens)in the western Pacific(South China Sea)with preliminary data on coloration,natural markings,and surfacing patterns

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第4期16卷 451-461页

作者： Massimiliano ROSSO Mingli LIN Francesco CARUSO Mingming LIU Lijun DONG Anna borroni Wenzhi LIN Xiaoming TANG Alessandro BOCCONCELLI Songhai LI Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanyaChina CIMA Research Foundation SavonaItaly Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Applied Ocean Physics and EngineeringWoods HoleMassachusettsUSA

Beaked whales represent around 25%of known extant cetacean species,yet they are the least known of all marine *** of many Mesoplodon species has relied on examination of a few stranded ***,the ginkgo-toothed beaked whale(Mesoplodon ginkgodens)and Deraniyagala’s beaked whale(Mesoplodon hotaula)are among the least-known of beaked whale species,without confirmed sightings of living individuals to *** present a sighting of 3 free-ranging individuals of ***/hotaula whale from a dedicated marine mammal vessel survey carried out in the South China Sea in April and May *** data(301 photographs)from the sighting were compared to photos of fresh stranded ginkgo-toothed beaked whale and Deraniyagala’s beaked whale from both historical and unpublished *** found that free-ranging *** and *** individuals can be easily distinguished from other Mesoplodon species due to differences in melon and gape shapes and coloration ***,accurate at-sea differentiation of *** and *** may not be possible due to high similarity in both coloration and scarring *** addition to our photo-identification data,we collected what we believe to be the first preliminary descriptions of surfacing behavior and diving patterns of one of these ***,the presence of scars possibly caused by fishing gear or marine litter raises concerns about anthropogenic impacts and conservation of these poorly known species.

关键词： Deraniyagala’s beaked whale ginkgo-toothed beaked whale marine litter Mesoplodon South China Sea

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A pioneering survey of deep-diving and off-shore cetaceans in the northern South China Sea

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第4期16卷 440-450页

作者： Mingli LIN Mingming LIU Francesco CARUSO Massimiliano ROSSO Xiaoming TANG Lijun DONG Wenzhi LIN Anna borroni Alessandro BOCCONCELLI Liang DAI Songhai LI Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanyaHainanChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina CIMA Research Foundation SavonaItaly Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods HoleMassachusettsUSA

A pioneering boat-based survey was conducted in 2019,to gather baseline information regarding the presence,composition,relative abundance,and spatial distribution of deep-diving and off-shore cetaceans in the northern South China Sea(SCS).A total of 27 sightings comprising at least 8 cetacean species were recorded during the 13-day survey,including 5 deep-diving species(***’s dolphin[Grampus griseus],short-finned pilot whale[Globicephala macrorhynchus],sperm whale[Physeter macrocephalus],Cuvier’s beaked whale[Ziphius cavirostris],and an unidentified beaked whale[either the ginkgo-toothed beaked whale,Mesoplodon ginkgodens,or Deraniyagala’s beaked whale,Mesoplodon hotaula]),as well as 3 off-shore dolphins(*** spotted dolphin[Stenella attenuate],striped dolphin[Stenella coeruleoalba],and Fraser’s dolphin[Lagenodelphis hosei]).With the exception of pantropical spotted dolphins,all other species were sighted and recorded at sea in the northern SCS for the first *** pantropical spotted dolphin was the most frequently sighted species,comprising 30%of the total ***-diving cetaceans were mainly sighted in the northern Xisha Archipelago,whereas off-shore dolphins were distributed across the survey *** pantropical spotted dolphin was observed in aggregations of more than 100 individuals and nearly all encountered species included calves;these findings suggested that the survey area functions as an important feeding and calving ground for various cetacean *** pioneering survey provides fundamental information regarding cetacean fauna in the northern SCS and highlights the need to strengthen research and conservation efforts concerning these species.

关键词： cetacean diversity deep divers dolphins South China Sea whales

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Prevalence of cerebrospinal fluid Alzheimer disease-like pattern in atypical dementias

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2012年第3期1卷 45-50页

作者： A. Padovani A. Benussi F. Ferrari S. Archetti B. borroni Neurology Unit University of Brescia Brescia Italy

BACKGROUND: Differential diagnosis between Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD), Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS), Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Syndrome (PSP), FTD with motor neuron disease (FTD-MND) is often challenging, because of the occurrence of atypical cases. Autopsy series have identified Alzheimer Disease (AD) pathology in a consistent percentage of patients with atypical dementias. It has been demonstrated that Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Tau/Aβ42 dosage is a reliable marker for AD. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the presence and percentage of CSF AD-like patterns (high CSF tau/Aβ42 ratio) in patients with atypical dementias in order to identify an ongoing AD neurodegenerative process. METHODS: One hundred seventy two consecutive patients fulfilling current clinical criteria for behavioural variant FTD (bvFTD, n = 73), agrammatic variant of Primary Progressive Aphasia (avPPA, n = 19), semantic variant of PPA (svPPA, n = 12), FTD-MND (n = 5), CBS (n = 42), PSP (n = 21) were recruited and underwent CSF analysis. CSF AD-like and non AD (nAD-like) patterns were identified. RESULTS: CSF AD-like pattern was reported in 6 out of 73 cases (8.2%) in the bvFTD group, in 3 out of 19 (15.8%) in the avPPA group, and in 7 out of 42 (16.7%) in the CBS group. One out of 12 (8.3%) of svPPA had CSF AD-like pattern. None of patients FTD-MND and PSP had CSF AD-like pattern. No differences in demographic characteristics were detected between subgroups in each phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings convey that the CSF tau/ Aβ42 ratio could be found in a proportion of cases with clinical bvFTD, avPPA and CBD. Detecting anon-going AD pathological process in atypical dementias has several implications for defining distinctive therapeutic approaches, guiding genetic screening and helping in patients’ selection in future clinical trials.

关键词： CSF Alzheimer Disease Atypical Dementias Frontotemporal Dementia Corticobasal Syndrome Progressive Supranuclear Palsy

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用于表面沾污估算的最小二乘法

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原子能农业译丛 1983年第4期 44-46页

作者： M.borroni 赵亚民

放射性同位素应用越来越多,为防止沾污,需要严格控制工作表面的沾污水平。我们描述了一种定量和定性探测沾污的方法,沾污的放射性活度用擦拭法间接确定,评价计算则基于多重线性回归。目的是通过对样品进行专门分析来识别沾污的放射性元... 详细信息

放射性同位素应用越来越多,为防止沾污,需要严格控制工作表面的沾污水平。我们描述了一种定量和定性探测沾污的方法,沾污的放射性活度用擦拭法间接确定,评价计算则基于多重线性回归。目的是通过对样品进行专门分析来识别沾污的放射性元素,如果存在沾污则估计其活度。我们把比活度10-4μCi/cm2作为导出工作极限,此值系国际原子能机构在1970年给出的

关键词：沾污同位素最小二乘法最小二乘算法计算方法放射性核素放射性同位素

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The soluble glycoprotein NMB(GPNMB)produced by macrophages induces cancer sternness and metastasis via CD44 and IL-33

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第3期18卷 711-722页

作者： M.Liguori E.Digifico A.Vacchini R.Avigni F.S.Colombo E.M.borroni F.M.Farina S.Milanesi A.Castagna L.Mannarino I.Craparotta S.Marchini E.Erba N.Panini M.Tamborini V.Rimoldi P.Allavena C.Belgiovine IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Center Via Manzoni 5620089 RozzanoMlItaly Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas Universityvia Rita Levi Montalcini 420089 Pieve EmanueleItaly Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine Universita degli Studi di MilanoVia Fratelli Cervi20090 SegrateItaly Department of Oncology Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS20156 MilanItaly

In cancer,myeloid cells have tumor-supporting *** reported that the protein GPNMB(glycoprotein nonmetastatic B)was profoundly upregulated in macrophages interacting with tumor ***,using mouse tumor models,we show that macrophage-derived soluble GPNMB increases tumor growth and metastasis in Gpnmb-mutant mice(DBA/2J).GPNMB triggers in the cancer cells the formation of self-renewing spheroids,which are characterized by the expression of cancer stem cell markers,prolonged cell survival and increased tumor-forming *** the CD44 receptor,GPNMB mechanistically activates tumor cells to express the cytokine IL-33 and its receptor UR1L. We also determined that recombinant IL-33 binding to IL-1R1L is sufficient to induce tumor spheroid formation with features of cancer stem ***,our results reveal a new paracrine axis,GPNMB and IL-33,which is activated during the cross talk of macrophages with tumor cells and eventually promotes cancer cell survival,the expansion of cancer stem cells and the acquisition of a metastatic phenotype.

关键词： cancer stem cells GPNMB IL-33 metastasis tumor associated macrophages

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Notch3基因多态性与偏头痛关系的研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(神经病学分册) 2006年第8期 11-12页

作者： borroni B. Brambilla C Liberini P. 蔡同建 Neurologic Clinic University of Brescia Piazza Spedali Civili 1 25100 Brescia Italy Dr.

Objective. - The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the functional Notch3 polymorphism T6746C, which is not causative for cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), might be a risk factor for migraine. Background. - It has been recently demonstrated that migraine is characterized by subclinical brain infarctions and white matter lesions. Several genetic risk factors have been associated with migraine, but no study has unraveled a possible relationship between migraine and Notch3, which is involved in vascular damage. Mutations in Notch3 gene have been demonstrated to be pathogenetic for CADASIL, a small vessel disease of the brain characterized by migraine. Methods. - A total of 156 migraine patients and 128 nonheadache healthy volunteers entered the study. Demographic and clinical characteristics were carefully recorded, and a neurological work- up was performed. Moreover, each subject underwent a blood sampling for Notch3 genotype determination. Results. - Notch3 genotypes as well as allele frequencies did not differ in migraine patients compared to controls, even adjusting for the presence of possible confounds. No difference has been found either in migraine patients with aura or in those without aura. Conclusions. - These findings support the view that functional polymorphism T6746C in Notch3 gene is not involved in increasing the risk of migraine or migraine subtypes.

关键词：偏头痛多态性脑病 Notch3 CADASIL

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一过性完全性遗忘症是否为健忘性轻度认知缺损的危险因素?

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第2期1卷 29-30页

作者： borroni B. Agosti C. Brambilla C. A. Padovani 江山 Dipto. Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Clinica Neurologica Univer sita degli Studi di Brescia Piazza Spedali Civili 1 25100 Brescia Italy

Transient Global Amnesia (TGA) is a common condition of unknown aetiology char acterised by the abrupt onset of severe anterograde amnesia, which lasts less th an 24 hours. Some authors have suggested that subclinical impairment of memory f unctions may persist for much longer, but neuropsychological assessment lasting years after TGA attack has not been performed so far. The aim of this study was to evaluate long term cognitive functions in patients with a previous TGA episo de. Fifty five patients underwent a standardised neuropsychological assessment after at least one year from the TGA attack, and were compared with 80 age mat ched controls. TGA patients showed worse performances on tests evaluating verbal and nonverbal long term memory and attention, with comparable global cognitive functions. By applying current criteria for amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI a) on TGA subjects, a group consisting of 18/55 (32.7%) MCI a subjects w as identified. There was no association between the presence of MCI a and demog raphic variables, vascular risk factors, years since the TGA episode, or ApoE ge notype. This study demonstrates that TGA appears to be a relatively benign syndr ome although objective memory deficits ffulilling MCI a criteria persist over t ime, as detected by multidimensional neuropsychological tasks performed at long term follow up.

关键词：完全性神经心理学认知功能顺行性遗忘亚临床持续时间注意能力诊断标准 ApoE 能力缺失

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轻度认知功能障碍患者脑葡萄糖代谢的不均一性和阿尔茨海默病的临床进展

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(神经病学分册) 2006年第4期 14-15页

作者： Anchisi D. borroni B. Franceschi M. D. Perani 赵天智 Institute H San Raffaele Vita Salute San Raffaele University Via Olgettina 60 20132 Milano ItalyDr

Background: Subjects with amnesic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) may include patients at high risk for progression to Alzheimer disease (AD) and a population with different underlying pathologic conditions. Objective: To evaluate the potential roles of positron emission tomography with fluodeoxyglucose F 18 (18FDG-PET) and memory scores in identifying subjects with aMCI and in predicting progression to dementia. Design, Setting, and Patients: Sixty-seven patients at European centers for neurologic and AD care who were diagnosed as having aMCI each underwent an extensive clinical and neuropsychological examination and an 18FDG-PET study. Forty-eight subjects were followed up periodically for at least 1 year, and progression to dementia was evaluated. Main Outcome Measures: Brain glucose metabolism and memory scores. Results: Fourteen subjects with aMCI who converted to AD within 1 year showed bilateral hypometabolism in the inferior parietal, posterior cingulate, and medial temporal cortex. Subjects with “ stable" aMCI presented with hypometabolism in the dorsolateral frontal cortex. The severity of memory impairment, as evaluated by the California Verbal Learning Test-Long Delay Free Recall scores, correlated with the following brain metabolic patterns: scores less than 7 were associated with a typical 18FDG-PET AD pattern, and scores of 7 or higher were associated with hypometabolism in the dorsolateral frontal cortex and no progression to AD. Conclusion: These data provide evidence for clinical and functional heterogeneity among subjects with aMCI and suggest that 18FDG-PET findings combined with memory scores may be useful in predicting short-term conversion to AD.

关键词：轻度认知功能障碍阿尔茨海默病脑葡萄糖代谢不均一性患者

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