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Segmented trust assessment in autonomous vehicles via eye-tracking

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Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles 2024年第2期7卷 151-161页

作者： Miklós Lukovics Szabolcs Prónay barbara Nagy Faculty of Economics and Business Administration University of SzegedSzeged H-6726Hungary

Previous studies have identified trust as one of the key factors in the technology acceptance of autonomousvehicles. As these studies mostly investigated the population in general, little is known about segment-specific ***, the widely used survey methods are less able to capture the deeper forms of trust—which neuroscientificmethods are much better suited to capture. The main objective of our research is to study trust as one of the key factors oftechnology acceptance related to autonomous vehicles by using neuroscientific methods for specific consumer ***-time eye-tracking tests were applied to a sample of 113 participants, combined with a posttest self-report. The testswere carried out under laboratory conditions during which our subjects watched videos recorded with the internal camerasof autonomous vehicles. Based on the fixation count, total fixation duration, and pupil dilation, we empirically verified thatthe trust level of all five identified segments is relatively low, while the trust level of the “traditional rejecting” segment is thelowest. An increase in trust level can be shown if the subjects receive extra information about the journey. Anotherimportant finding is that the self-reported trust level is not always congruent with the eye-tracking analysis results;therefore,combined approaches can lead to greater measurement validity.

关键词： autonomous vehicles(AVs) technology acceptance trust eye-tracking

Physical activity during the coronavirus disease-2019 global pandemic

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第4期9卷 291-292页

作者： barbara E.Ainsworth Fuzhong Li School of Kinesiology Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Oregon Research Institute PortlandOR 97205USA

Nearly a century ago,the 1918 influenza pandemic was regarded as the most severe pandemic in recent history.1 The virus,known as H1N1,infected 500 million persons worldwide and claimed an estimated 50 million *** pandemic lasted nearly 2 years with sporadic activity characterized by 3 waves of *** 100 years later,in January 2020,we found ourselves in the midst of another global pandemic,the novel coronavirus(coronavirus disease-2019,COVID-19).2 Within 5 months of outbreak,COVID-19 has infected over 6 million persons worldwide with over 380,000 confirmed deaths.3 While nearly every region of the world has experienced the virus,European and North and South American countries are among the most impacted countries with the greatest burden of COVID-19 in terms of the incidence and mortality.4 Among the most vulnerable populations,older adults and persons with serious underlying medical conditions or compromised immune systems are at greatest risk of contracting COVID-19.5 In addition,people living in densely populated areas or rural areas with poor access to health care,living in congregate housing and multi-generational households,and those who work in the service industry also have a high risk for contracting COVID-19.6 This includes many racial and ethnic minorities,immigrants,and refugees.

关键词： claimed demic greatest

Modulation of immune responses of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus （Insecta： Coleoptera）induced by the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae （Nematoda： Rhabditida）

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Insect Science 2015年第6期22卷 748-760页

作者： Maristella Mastore Vincenzo Arizza barbara Manachini Maurizio F. Brivio Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences University of Insubria Varese Italy Department of Sciences and Biological Chemical and Pharmaceutical Technologies University of Palermo Palermo Italy

Aim of this study was to investigate relationships between the red palm weevil （RPW） Rhynchophorusferrugineus （Olivier） and the entomopathogenic nematode Stein- ernema carpocapsae （EPN）; particularly, the work was focused on the immune response of the insect host in naive larvae and after infection with the EPN. Two main immunological processes have been addressed： the activity and modulation of host prophenoloxidase- phenoloxidase （proPO） system, involved in melanization of not-self and hemocytes recog- nition processes responsible for not-self encapsulation. Moreover, immune depressive and immune evasive strategies of the parasite have been investigated. Our results suggest that RPW possess an efficient immune system, however in the early phase of infection, S. carpocapsae induces a strong inhibition of the host proPO system. In addition, host cell- mediated mechanisms of encapsulation, are completely avoided by the parasite, the elusive strategies orS. carpocapsae seem to be related to the structure of its body-surface, since induced alterations of the parasite cuticle resulted in the loss of its mimetic properties. S. carpocapsae before the release of its symbiotic bacteria, depress and elude RPW immune defenses, with the aim to arrange a favorable environment for its bacteria responsible of the septicemic death of the insect target.

关键词： encapsulation immune depression immune evasion proPO system Rhyn-chophorus ferrugineus Steinernema carpocapsae

Processes and events in the centre:a dynamic data model for representing spatial change

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 276-295页

作者： Yufeng He Yehua Sheng barbara Hofer Yi Huang Jiarui Qin School of Geography Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjingPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University) Ministry of EducationNanjingPeople’s Republic of China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application NanjingPeople’s Republic of China Department of Geoinformatics-Z_GIS University of SalzburgSalzburgAustria School of Geographic and Biologic Information Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjingPeople’s Republic of China

Traditional geographic information system models for map representation use superposition of layers to model physical reality,neglecting the integrity of the environment and limiting the ability to express interactions between features in complex *** results in limitations regarding dynamic simulation and geographic causality *** this paper,we extend the framework of the geographic scene by formalizing the relationship between geographic processes and events to construct a dynamic data model:the process-event-centred dynamic data *** key element of this data model is relationships between processes,events,and states of the natural or man-made phenomenon of *** identified relationships can be translated into a network of hierarchical,developmental,and causal graphs and realized in the Neo4j graph *** implementation in the graph database supports spatio-temporal reasoning in geographic scenes and achieves an organizational framework for simulating spatio-temporal dynamics and complex *** example of a 2019 mega-typhoon process is used to demonstrate the introduced process-event-centred model and its implementation in the graph database.A series of queries to the graph database show the capabilities of the data model for spatial reasoning and dynamic modeling.

关键词： Spatio-temporal dynamics geographic scene geographic processes geographic events spatio-temporal reasoning graph database

Processes and events in the center: a taxi trajectory-based approach to detecting traffic congestion and analyzing its causes

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 509-531页

作者： Yufeng He barbara Hofer Yehua Sheng Yue Yin Hui Lin Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research Ministry of EducationJiangxi Normal UniversityNanchangPeople’s Republic of China School of Geography and Environment Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchangPeople’s Republic of China Department of Geoinformatics–Z_GIS University of SalzburgSalzburgAustria School of Geography Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjingPeople’s Republic of China

A novel approach is introduced for the detection of the location and direction of traffic congestion using GPS data from *** approach uses a dynamic model that conceptualizes events,processes,and *** states are the locations of the taxis,the processes are the motion of taxis,and the events are *** model is implemented as a graph database,which represents the relationships between states,events,processes,and things(such as points of interest and road grid).Algorithms for constructing and updating the relationships and taxi behaviors dynamic retrieval method in Neo4j are presented and are used to demonstrate the capabilities in dynamic expression and *** implementation of Shanghai in 2015finally demonstrated the ability of congestion direction detection and the cause searching of traffic congestion.

关键词： VGE Spatio-temporal dynamics geographic processes traffic congestion trajectory

Loss of FHIT expression in gastric mucosa of patients with family histories of gastric cancer and Helicobacter pylori infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第1期11卷 17-21页

作者： Krystyna Stec-Michalska Slawomir Antoszczyk Grazyna Klupinska barbara Nawrot Clinic of Gastroenterology and Internal Diseases Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences

AIM: To answer the question whether FHIT gene expression is affected by the family history of gastric carcinoma and the presence of Helicobacter pylori (Hpylori) in the gastric mucosa of patients with ***: FHIT gene expression in two different topographic sites of the gastric mucosa of twenty-one patients with dyspepsia and with or without familial gastric carcinoma, infected or not infected with H pylori, was evaluated by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and IMAGE QUANT methods. A rapid urease test and histopathological examination were used to determine H pylori ***: In the gastric mucosa of patients with family histories of gastric carcinoma, the amount of FHIT protein mRNA was reduced down to 32%, and for patients with H pylori colonization, to 24% in comparison to controls with dyspepsia and without cancer in the family. FHIT expression was independent of the topography of specimens (corpus vsantrum), and for the control patients it was less sensitive to infection with H pylori. A considerable statistical difference in FHIT levels was observed in the gastric mucosa from the corpus of patients with family histories of gastric carcinoma in respect to H pylori colonization (P = 0.06). Macroscopic evaluation of the gastric mucosa demonstrated that pathologic changes classified according to the Sydney system had no significant influence on FHIT expression within each tested group of ***: Loss of FHIT expression was observed in patients with dyspepsia and family histories of gastric carcinoma, especially those infected with H pylori. Such results may constitute an early indication of the development of gastric carcinoma, which is associated with family factors including heredity and H pylori infection. The loss of the FHIT gene may serve as a marker for early diagnosis and prevention of gastric carcinoma, especially in context of early monitoring of H pylori infection in individuals with a record of familial stomach ca

关键词： Gastric cancer Helicobacter pylori infection FHIT protein

Spouting behaviour of binary mixtures in square-based spouted beds

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Particuology 2019年第2期17卷 193-201页

作者： Cristina Moliner Filippo Marchelli Massimo Curti barbara Bosio Giorgio Rovero Elisabetta Arato Department of Civil Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DICCA) University of Genova (UNIGE) Genova Italy Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of Bolzano (UNIBZ) Bolzano Italy Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT) Polytechnic University of Turin (POLITO) Turin Italy

From experime nts, the influe nee of the physical characteristics of different bin ary mixtures of solids on the spouting regime of a pyramidal square-based spouted bed reactor is assessed. The applied methodology permits a more precise evaluation of the effects of the tested variables (diameter, density, sphericity) on the response variables (minimum air flows at which spouting begins and at which to maintain spouting con ditions). The associated pressure drops along the bed of particles a nd the height of the formed fountai n are analysed in each case. During the initial stages of fluidisation, binary mixtures containing different density ratios show dead zones. Segregation becomes more evident at large-size and high-density ratios. The lack of sphericity was found to be the main reason leading to blocking, channelling, and start-up problems when system failures occur. Nevertheless, the extent of segregation in all cases decreases with increasing the spouting velocity. In addition, a computational fluid dynamic model based on the discrete element method, previously validated for a single solid bed, is proposed as a tool to predict and evaluate potential segregation phenomena in binary mixtures. This model reproduced with high accuracy the encountered segregation phenomena. Its use may help define the technical limts inherent in the pyramidal spouted bed reactor.

关键词： Spouted bed reactor Segregation Computational fluid dynamics

Nutritional content explains the attractiveness of cacao to crop raiding Tonkean macaques

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Current Zoology 2013年第2期59卷 160-169页

作者： Erin P. RILEY barbara TOLBERT Wartika R. FARIDA Department of Anthropology San Diego State University San Diego CA 92182-6040 USA Research Center for Biology Indonesian Institute of Sciences Cibinong - Bogor Indonesia

Nutritional ecology has been linked to crop raiding behavior in a number of wildlife taxa. Here our goal is to explore the role nutrition plays in cacao crop raiding by Tonkean macaques Macaca tonkeana in Sulawesi, Indonesia. From June - Sept. 2008 we collected fruit samples from 13 species known to be important Tonkean macaque foods and compared their nutritional value to that of cacao Theobroma cacao, an important cash crop in Sulawesi. Cacao pulp was significantly lower in protein, but lower in dietary fiber, and higher in digestible carbohydrates and energy content compared to forest fruits. These findings, com- bined with the fact that cacao fruits are spatially concentrated and available throughout the year, likely explain why Tonkean ma- caques are attracted to this cultivated resource. We use these data along with published feeding ecology data to propose strategies to minimize human-macaque conflict. Namely, we recommend the deliberate protection of Elmerillila tsiampaccca, Ficus spp. and Arenga pinnata, fruit species known to be regularly consumed and of considerable nutritional value. We also identify the A. pinnata palm as a potential buffer resource to curb cacao crop raiding by macaques. Cacao is a hard-to-process food because the pods have a thick outer skin that encases the seeds and pulp. Aren palm fruit, although lower in digestibility, is easier-to-process, higher in protein, and also available year round. In addition, because the palm has considerable cultural and economic signifi- cance for local people, the strategy of planting Aren palm in a buffer corridor is likely to garner local community support [Current Zoology 59 （2）： 160-169, 2013].

关键词： Human-macaque conflict Foraging efficiency Buffer crop Arenga pinnata Ficus Fiber content

Perspective on in vivo SPME for human applications: Starting from monitoring doxorubicin during lung chemo-perfusion

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第7期14卷 937-939页

作者： Wei Zhou Runshan Will Jiang barbara Bojko Janusz Pawliszyn Department of Chemistry University of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada Department of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Pharmacology Collegium Medicum in BydgoszczNicolaus Copernicus University in Torun85-089BydgoszczPoland

*** In vivo analysis provides more accurate information for indicating or predicting the processes occurring in the complex living organisms compared with the ex vivo *** in vivo sampling with liquid chromatography(LC)/gas chromatographymass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis is the most powerful technique for obtaining comprehensive information,as it can yield both targeted and nontargeted data with quantitative ***(MD)is a widely used method for in vivo sampling over the years,especially valued for its ability to collect samples continuously over ***,MD analysis is limited by a few drawbacks that create the need for complementary and/or alternative sampling ***,sampling of nonpolar compounds can present a problem in MD *** nonpolar compounds are typically highly bound to tissue matrix,they are only available in very low free concentration levels that limit their detection and *** some cases,such compounds can also adsorb onto the membrane and/or tubes used in ***,collected samples require subsequent sample preparation,such as liquid extraction or solid-phase extraction,prior to chromatographic separation and MS *** addition to being timeconsuming and labour intensive,these additional sample preparation steps can also lead to the decomposition of some unstable compounds,and thus negatively impact the accuracy and precisionof thefinal data.

关键词： valued consuming steps