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Associated Factors to Poor Blood Pressure Control in Hypertensives Followed Up at the Campus University Hospital of Lome (Togo)

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第6期14卷 374-380页

作者： Soulemane Pessinaba Yaovi Mignazonzon Afassinou Wiyao Dieudonné Kaziga Komlavi Yayehd Kolani Lamboni Sélim Bolarinwa Mohamed Kpélafia Ekpe Togbossi Akpe Adzodo Machihude Pio soodougoua baragou Findibé Damorou Cardiology Department University Hospital of Campus Lome Togo Cardiology Department Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital Lome Togo Cardiology Department Kara University Hospital Kara Togo

Introduction: Hypertension is a real public health issue and its control is very difficult. We aim to determine the frequency of uncontrolled hypertension in hypertensive patients followed up as an outpatient at the campus university hospital of Lome (Togo) and to search for the associated factors. Methodology: The study was cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical, carried out from February (2022) to August 2022 in 260 hypertensive patients aged 22 years old, followed up (on an) as an outpatient for at least 3 months at the Lome University Hospital campus. A univariate then multivariate analysis were conducted in order to highlight the most common factors significantly linked to uncontrolled. Results: The mean age of hypertensives was 56.4 ± 12.7 years, the sex ratio (M/F) was 0.59. Prevalence of uncontrolled blood pressure was 42%. Associated Factors to poor blood pressure control in our study were age > 60 years (OR = 1.6 CI [1.17 - 2.50]), low socio-economic level (OR = 2.2 CI [1.96 - 4.33]), high cardiovascular risk level (OR = 3.1 CI [2.18 - 4.52]), non-adherence to regular blood pressure monitoring (OR = 3.3 CI [2.21 - 5.55]), low compliance to treatment (OR = 4.1 CI [2.33 - 6.76]) and a chronic renal failure (OR = 2.1 CI [1.21 - 3.10]). Conclusion: Nearly half of the hypertensives in our study had poorly controlled blood pressure by antihypertensive treatment medication. The factors of this poor control were age > 60 years, low socio-economic level, high or very high level of cardiovascular risk, low compliance to treatment, and renal failure.

关键词： Hypertension Poor Control Associated factors Togo

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Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathies at the Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital of Lome: Epidemiological, Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Evolutive Aspects

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2022年第11期12卷 481-489页

作者： baragou soodougoua Afassinou Yaovi Mignazonzon Hourobia Watabisse Atta Borgatia Oloude Nansirine Pessinaba Souleymane Damorou Findibe University of Lome Lome Togo University of Kara Kara Togo

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a form of cardiomyopathy that may involve several aspects.The aim of our study is to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and short-term prognostic aspects of this form of cardiomyopathy at the Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital of Lome. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that was carried out over a four-year period from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2019. We included in this study, patients admitted to the Cardiology Department of the Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital of Lome, in whom the diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was retained at echocardiography in the absence of any other cause that could explain the significant hypertrophy of the walls. Results: The prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathies in our study was 0.31%. The mean age of patients was 51.35 ± 15.28 years with a male predominance (sex ratio M/F of 1.22). The majority of patients (60%) were between 45 and 74 years old. The clinical presentation was dominated by congestive heart failure in 15 patients (75%). Half of the patients (50%) had type III hypertrophic cardiomyopathy according to Maron’s classification. Seven patients (35%) had obstructive HCM and the mean thickness of the interventricular septum in diastole was 15.88. Left ventricular systolic function was impaired in 40% of patients. No patient was able to do a genetic test. The combination of beta-blocker (95%), an inhibitor of the renin- angiotensin-aldosterone system (90%) and furosemide (85%) constituted the essential part of the treatment combined with Lifestyle changes. No patients have benefited from implantable cardioverter defibrillators. The yearly mortality rate at the end of our study was 70%. Conclusion: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy remains a relatively rare pathology. It is often a late diagnosis in the context of heart failure with limited therapeutic means, explaining its heavy morbidity and mortality.

关键词： Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Echocardiography Togo

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Mortality in Cardiology in Sub-Saharan Africa: Case of the Cardiology Department of the Teaching Hospital Sylvanus Olympio of Lome

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第8期13卷 477-492页

作者： Afassinou Yaovi Mignazonzon Dola Kossi Edem Pessinaba Soulemane Atta Borgatia Pio Machihude baragou soodougoua Damorou Findibe Cardiology Department Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital of Lome Lome Togo Cardiology Department Teaching Hospital Campus of Lome Lome Togo Medical Department Sokode Regional Hospital Center Sokode Togo Cardiology Department Kara Teaching Hospital Kara Togo

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. The specificities of cardiology mortality in Togo are not well known. The objective of this study was to determine the profile of deaths in the cardiology department of the Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital (CHU SO) in Lome. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted over a period of 06 years, from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2021, in the cardiology department of the Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital in Lome. In this study, we included all medical records of patients who died in hospital in the cardiology department during the study period. Results: During the study period, 2762 patients were hospitalized in the cardiology unit at CHU SO. We recorded 112 deaths meeting our criteria, for an intrahospital mortality rate of 4.19%. The average age of patients was 53.79 ± 18.27 years. Hypertension was present in 47.3%. Sickness insurance coverage was not available for 94.64% of those who died. The major cardiovascular diseases observed were myocardium in 43.75% whose dilated cardiomyopathy accounted for 71.42%;and rhythmic lesions in 34.82%. Biological infectious syndrome (56.25%), renal failure (48.21%), anemia (47.27%), lung infection (32.14%), hyponatremia (33.04%) were the main comorbidities observed. Among the circumstances of death, sudden death was found in 32.14%, cardiogenic shock in 20.54% and septic shock in 13.39%. Conclusion: The profile of deaths in the cardiology department of the CHU SO reveals that myocardial injuries are more present with circumstances of death dominated by sudden death.

关键词： Mortality Rate Cardiology CHU Sylvanus Olympio

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Epidemiological, Clinical and Etiological Profile of Rhythmic Emergencies at the University Hospital of Brazzaville, Republic of Congo

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2022年第6期12卷 342-352页

作者： Suzy Gisèle Kimbally-Kaky Thibaut Naïbe Gankama Eric Gibrel Kimbally-Kaky Jospin Karel Makani Bijou Moualengue Stéphane Méo Ikama soodougoua baragou Thierry Raoul Alexis Gombet Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of Congo Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital Lomé Togo Faculty of Health Sciences Lomé Togo Department of Emergency University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of Congo

Objectives: To describe the epidemiological, clinical and etiological aspects of rhythmic emergencies at the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study conducted in the cardiology and internal medicine department of the University Hospital of Brazzaville from January 1, 2014 to June 30, 2016. Were included, all patients admitted for a severe rhythm disorder diagnosed on the surface electrocardiogram. Rhythmic emergency was defined as a severe rhythm disorder of abrupt onset and required rapid management. Data entry and analysis were performed with Epi Info software version 3.5.1. Results: During the study period, 2269 patients were hospitalized, including 138 for a rhythmic emergency. The frequency of rhythmic emergencies was 6.1%. The patients were divided into 76 women and 62 men (sex ratio = 0.81). The mean age of the patients was 63.1 ± 16.9 years (extremes: 17 and 91 years). The socio-economic level was low for 103 patients (74.6%), medium for 26 (17.7%), and high for nine (6.6%). The average time to consultation was 13.7 ± 12.3 days. On admission, the signs were: heart failure (103 cases;74.6%) including 22 acute cases;dyspnea (94 cases;68%);palpitations (38 cases;27.5%);functional impotence (13 cases;9.4%);collapse (nine cases;6.5%);chest pain (two cases;1.4%). The type of rhythmic emergency was: rapid atrial fibrillation (103 cases;74.6%), ventricular tachycardia (14 cases;10.1%), junctional tachycardia (10 cases;7.2%), rapid atrial flutter (10 cases;7.2%), tachysystole (one case;0.7%). The context of occurrence was: hypokalemia (8 cases;5.8%), drunkenness (two cases;1.4%), acute gastroenteritis (one case;0.7%). Cardiovascular risk factors were: hypertension (62 cases;45.2%), smoking (17 cases;12.1%), dyslipidemia (12 cases;8.7%), diabetes (11 cases;8%), obesity (10 cases;7.2%). Underlying heart disease was: dilated cardiomyopathy (40 cases;29%), hypertensive cardiomyopathy (26 cases;18.8%), valvulopathy (24 cases;17.4%). Ischemic heart disease, ch

关键词： Cardiac Rhythm Disorders Atrial Fibrillation Dilated Cardiomyopathy Brazzaville

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Ventricular Non-Compaction: About the First Cases Reported in Lomé(Togo)

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2020年第12期10卷 775-783页

作者： soodougoua baragou Soulemane Pessinaba Tchalla Abéna Ekpé Togbossi Wiyaou Kaziga Komlavi Yayehd Mohamed Kpélafia Nkenon Watani N’Da El Nassirine Oloudé Machihude Pio Findibe Damorou Cardiology Department Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital Lomé Togo Cardiology Department Campus Teaching Hospital Lomé Togo Cardiology Department Tomde Hospital Kara Togo Cardiology Department Kara Teaching Hospital Kara Togo

Introduction: Ventricular non-compaction, a cardiomyopathy recently described as likely to be rare, belongs to the group of unclassified cardiomyopathy according to European Society of Cardiology. Few studies have been published on the ventricular non-compaction in sub-Saharan Africa. We aim to find out the various aspects, being diagnosis, therapeutic, in Togolese patients carrying the ventricular non-compaction. Methodology: This is a three-year prospective and descriptive study conducted from January 2017 to December 2019 in the two University Hospital of Lomé. Patients having echocardiographic criteria of ventricular non-compaction were included in our study. Results: 10 patients (6 men and 4 women) were diagnosed for ventricular non-compaction during the study period. The mean age of patients was 32.3 years. The most frequent clinical manifestation was heart failure (7 patients). The main electrocardiogram anomaly was left ventricle hypertrophy (9 patients). The preferential segments were: apical (9 cases), apicolateral (8 cases), and septoapical (7 cases). The average ratio of non-compaction/compaction was 3.31. The main complication was thromboembolic event (4 patients). Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and beta-blockers were essentially the medicines used. After a three (3) year follow-up, two (2) of the patients died. Conclusion: Tough ventricular non-compaction has been recently described. It is present in Togo. It displays many clinical manifestations and the prognosis is often guarded.

关键词： Ventricular Non-Compaction Hypertrophy Sub-Saharan Africa Heart Failure Togo

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Contribution of Diagnosis Examinations in Pulmonary Embolism

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2021年第12期11卷 564-571页

作者： Machihude Pio Doguessaga Borgiata Atta Yaovi Mignazonzon Afassinou Soulemane Pessinaba Hamza Doles Sama Tchaa Tchérou Ablavi Ena Todo-Alipui Wiyaou Dieudonnné Kaziga Abalo Mario Bakai soodougoua baragou Findibé Damorou Cardiology Department Kara Unviversity Hospital Kara Togo Cardiology Department Sokode Hospital Togo Cardiology Department Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital Lomé Togo Cardiology Department Campus University Hospital Lomé Togo

Background: We aimed to determine the specificities of pulmonary embolism (PE) investigations and their statistical link according to PE’s degrees of severity. Patients and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study on patient- records admitted in Cardiology Department for PE, from June 1st 2014 to April 30th 2019. We studied electrocardiogram (ECG), Chest X-ray, Echocardiographic, D-dimers, CT pulmonary angiographic (CTPA) data. PE diagnosis was retained at the CTPA. PE was classified according to its severity (low, intermediate, and severe). Patients were arbitrarily categorized in 4 groups (G1 - G4) according to D-dimer level. Results: We retained 110 patient- records of patients mean aged 56 ± 15 years, with female predominance (Sex-ratio F/M = 1.82). Patients with main pulmonary artery’s (MPA) embolism had D-dimer value > 5000 ng/mL. The more proximal embolism was located, the higher D-dimer level was, but no significant association was found between D-dimer level and PE’s severity. CTPA showed bilateral location of embolism in 52% of cases. Severe PE (SPE) was significantly associated to proximal location (main and segmental branches of PA), and repolarization disorders. S1Q3 aspect was associated to intermediate mortality risk PE. On chest X-ray, cardiomegaly and the left middle arch conve

关键词： Pulmonary Embolism D-Dimer Severity Diagnosis Togo

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Brugada Syndrome Type 1 Electrocardiogram Pattern Induced by Fever in a Black African: A Case Report

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2020年第8期10卷 558-562页

作者： Soulemane Pessinaba Ekpé Togbossi Wiyaou Kaziga Baete Koudéma Pizeriwé Dossim Komlavi Yayehd Mohamed Kpélafia Nkenon Watani N’Da Borgatia Atta Tchaa Tchérou Yaovi Afassinou Machihude Pio soodougoua baragou Adama Kane Findibe Damorou Cardiology Department Campus Teaching Hospital Lome Togo Cardiology Department Kara Teaching Hospital Kara Togo Cardiology Department Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital Lome Togo Cardiology Department Saint-Louis Hospital Saint-Louis Senegal

Brugada syndrome is a channelopathy that can be familial or sporadic. It is a major cause of sudden death in young people with no obvious heart structural abnormality. The electrocardiogram can be dynamic over time with sometimes normalization. Several pathophysiological conditions are known to induce the electrocardiographic expression of the syndrome. We report here the case of a 65-year-old hypertensive man, without syncope or family sudden death history who was hospitalized for shigella gastroenteritis. Electrocardiogram during fever showed an incomplete block and ST segment elevation with negative T waves in V1 and V2 suggested type 1 Brugada syndrome. Troponin was negative. Electrocardiogram after fever recovered an incomplete right block and normalization of the ST segment. Electrocardiogram should be performed in patients admitted to the emergency unit for infectious syndrome in our countries. This may reveal a number of patients with Brugada syndrome abnormalities.

关键词： Brugada Syndrome Electrocardiogram Fever

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