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Biochar from grape pomace,a waste of vitivinicultural origin,is effective for root-knot nematode control

Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 519-541页

作者： Ángela Martínez-Gómez Maria Fe Andrés Ángel barón-Sola Fernando E.díaz-Manzano Ibraheem yousef Ismael F.Mena Elena díaz Óscar Gómez-Torres Azucena González-Coloma Luis E.Hernández Carolina Escobar Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica Universidad de Castilla-La ManchaToledoSpain departamento de Protección Vegetal Instituto Ciencias Agrarias CSICMadridSpain departamento de Biología Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain CELLS ALBA Carrer del Llum 2-2608290Cerdanyola del VallèsBarcelonaSpain departamento de Ingeniería Química Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Faculty of Chemical Sciences&Technologies Chemical Engineering DepartmentAv.Camilo JoséCela1213071University of Castilla-La ManchaCiudad RealSpain

Root-knot nematodes(RKNs)are obligate endoparasites that feed on their host plants to complete its life cycle,representing a major threat to agriculture and economy *** development of new management strategies becomes essential as effective chemical nematicides are progressively being ***,we analysed grape pomace-derived biochars,pyrolysed at 350℃(BC350)and 700℃(BC700),focusing on their potential for RKN *** thermal treatment of grape pomace caused an increase in the concentration of carbon and plant macro-and micronutrients,which were largely present in a water-soluble *** radiation-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy data showed a general loss of carboxylic functional groups during pyrolysis,partially contributing to the alkalinisation of both biochars,mostly in *** electron microscopy coupled with energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis revealed a highly porous structure filled with different crystals composed of elements such as K,Ca,Mg,P,Si or Al,which could be a suitable environment for the growth of ***-derived aqueous extracts showed phytotoxicity to tomato seedlings at high concentrations,and disappeared upon dilution,but no toxic effect was observed on the nematode’s infective ***,the infective and reproductive traits of a Meloidogyne javanica population in tomato were significantly reduced(*** masses and eggs per plant)in washed-biochar-treated soil in pots(0.75%;BC350W).Therefore,the large amount of grape waste generated after wine production can be transformed into a valuable product such as biochar,effective for RKNs control,thus reducing the waste management problem and contributing to a circular economy.

关键词： Biochar Grape pomace Tomato Root-knot nematode control Meloidogyne spp.

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design and Analysis of Gecko-like Robot

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2011年第2期24卷 224-236页

作者： MENG Cai WANG Tianmiao GUAN Shengguo ZHANG long WANG Jing LI Xiaohu School of Astronautics Beihang University Beijing 100191 China School of Mechanical Engineering andAutomation Reihang University Beijing 100191 China School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing University of Science and Technology Beijing 100083 China

Gecko-like robot（Geckobot）,an important branch of bionic robotics,is a robot that simulates gecko＇s capacity to climb walls and *** work environment of the traditional wall-climbing robot is greatly limited as the moving structure and adsorption principle of the robot have nothing to do with the real ***,the adsorption principle and moving mode of the real gecko can provide a new way to break through the restrictions of the traditional wall-climbing *** by the moving mechanism of geckos, this paper develops the Geckobot with motile *** types of Geckobots are addressed：one with compliant flat bar as the body,and the other with prismatic joint as the *** compliant body not only resembles the moving mode of the real gecko body,but also simplifies the Geckobot＇s *** prismatic joint body is used to adapt the change of body length in ground-to-wall transition. The gait planning on the plane and the transition between perpendicular intersectional planes is discussed,with an emphasis on the analysis of the kinematics degree of freedom（dOF） and body *** pattern generator（CPG） neural network is realized in LabVIEW and utilized to control Geckobot＇s *** CPG scheme in Lab VIEW is given,and how CPG is used to control Geckobot to turn or move forward is *** are conducted in AdAMS to verify the feasibility of the structure design and gait planning and to acquire some parameters for practical Geckobot *** experiment with Geckobot-Ⅰand Geckobot-Ⅱon their crawling capacity on the plane and the ground-to-wall transition finds that the robot can complete the crawling movement and ground-to-wall transition,verifying the feasibility of the structure design,gait planning and the CPG motion *** Geckobot structure design approach,gait planning and the CPG motion control presented would be useful for the research on wall-climbing robots.

关键词： gecko-like robot structure design gait planning ground-to-wall transition central pattern generator

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Optimizing luminescence sensitivity and moisture stability of porous coordination frameworks by varying ligand side groups

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Science China Chemistry 2019年第3期62卷 341-346页

作者： Jia-Wen ye Xu-yu Li Hao-long Zhou Jie-Peng Zhang MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University

Hydrophobic ethyl, butyl or hexyl groups were introduced into the dicarboxylate ligand in the fluorescent porous coordination framework [Zn_2(fda)_2(bpy)](LMOF-202, H_2fda=9H-fluorene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid, bpy=4,4′-bipyridine) for improving water stability and tuning oxygen sensitivity. The long hexyl groups gave satisfactory water stability but its oxygen sensitivity is low(70.8% fluorescence quenched at 1 bar O_2(1 bar=105 Pa)). In contrast, the shorter side groups gave high oxygen sensitivity(93.9% fluorescence quenched at 1 bar O_2) and low water stability. The derivation of the Stern-Volmer curves of the O_2 luminescence quenching data from the linear form can be used for detecting trace impurities in the luminescent framework, being much more sensitive than conventional methods such as powder X-ray diffraction. Mixing the ethyl and hexyl groups in the solid-solution manner brought high oxygen sensitivity(96.4% fluorescence quenched at 1 bar O_2) and high water stability simultaneously in the same coordination framework.

关键词： metal-organic framework water stability oxygen fluorescence sensor

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Fabrication of Al-Coated Mg-Li Alloy Sheet and Investigation of Its Properties

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2019年第2期32卷 169-177页

作者： Tian-long Zhang Toko Tokunaga Munekazu Ohno Mi-Lin Zhang Kiyotaka Matsuura Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin Engineering University

An Al-coated Mg-8 mass% Li alloy rectangular bar was fabricated by hot extrusion, and then, it was hot-rolled into a thin sheet. The Al coating was uniform in thickness and had good bonding with the substrate during all the processing. This Alcoated Mg–Li alloy exhibited a good corrosion resistance in a 0.5 mass% HCl aqueous solution. No intermetallic compound was observed at the Al/Mg–Li interface after the extrusion and the rolling. The Al-coated Mg–Li alloy sheet exhibited an elongation to fracture of 35% at room temperature at a strain rate of 0.001 s(-1)without any debonding between the coating and the substrate. When tensile tested at 573 K at 0.001 s(-1)in the air, the Al coating remained undamaged even until an elongation of about 150%. Further elongation generated cracks on the coating and the specimen fractured at an elongation of about 200%. In an Ar atmosphere, the specimen exhibited a fracture elongation of over 400% under the same conditions at 573 K at 0.001 s(-1), although a large number of cracks generated on the Al coating.

关键词： Mg–Li alloy Composite material Coating Mechanical properties Superplasticity

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Strengthening an in-service reinforcement concrete bridge with prestressed CFRP bars

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2009年第5期10卷 635-644页

作者： Hai-long WANG Wei-liang JIN david J. CLELANd Ai-hui ZHANG department of Civil Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China School of Planning Architecture and Civil Engineering Queen's University Belfast Belfast BT9 5AG UK

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) bars were prestressed for the structural strengthening of 8 T-shaped rein-forced concrete (RC) beams of a 21-year-old bridge in China. The ultimate bearing capacity of the existing bridge after retrofit was discussed on the basis of concrete structures theory. The flexural strengths of RC beams strengthened with CFRP bars were controlled by the failure of concrete in compression and a prestressing method was applied in the retrofit. The field construction processes of strengthening with CFRP bars-including grouting cracks, cutting groove, grouting epoxy and embedding CFRP bars, surface treating, banding with the U-type CFRP sheets, releasing external prestressed steel tendons-were introduced in detail. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of this strengthening method, field tests using vehicles as live load were applied before and after the retrofit. The test results of deflection and concrete strain of the T-shaped beams with and without strengthening show that the capacity of the repaired bridge, including the bending strength and stiffness, is enhanced. The measurements of crack width also indicate that this strengthening method can enhance the durability of bridges. Therefore, the proposed strengthening technology is feasible and effective.

关键词： Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) bar Reinforced concrete (RC) bridge Strengthening Construction pro-cedure Field test T-shaped beam

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薄壁钢板局部屈曲关键问题研究进展

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建筑结构 2024年第19期54卷 119-127页

作者：蔡健万军龙跃凌陈庆军左志亮何岸华南理工大学土木与交通学院广州510641 亚热带建筑与城市科学全国重点实验室广州510641 广东省源天工程有限公司广州511340 广东工业大学土木与交通工程学院广州510006

钢结构以及钢-混凝土组合结构由于其强度高、耗能能力好、施工方便等优异性能,被广泛应用于工程结构中。然而,随着高强度钢材的应用,薄壁钢板呈现薄壁化、宽厚比随着构件截面尺寸的增大而不断增大的趋势,由于工程结构及荷载的复杂性等因... 详细信息

钢结构以及钢-混凝土组合结构由于其强度高、耗能能力好、施工方便等优异性能,被广泛应用于工程结构中。然而,随着高强度钢材的应用,薄壁钢板呈现薄壁化、宽厚比随着构件截面尺寸的增大而不断增大的趋势,由于工程结构及荷载的复杂性等因素,钢板过早发生局部屈曲的风险不断加大,薄壁钢板的局部屈曲问题凸显,亟待开展系统性深入研究。对薄壁钢板局部屈曲研究的进展进行了概述,分析总结了现有试验研究和理论研究方面存在的局限性,详细介绍了笔者团队近年来聚焦于薄壁钢板局部屈曲关键问题开展的一系列研究工作及成果。

关键词：薄壁钢板局部屈曲局部屈曲判定钢管混凝土约束拉杆

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Machine learning method to predict dynamic compressive response of concrete-like material at high strain rates

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defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第5期23卷 100-111页

作者： Xu long Ming-hui Mao Tian-xiong Su yu-tai Su Meng-ke Tian School of Mechanics Civil Engineering and ArchitectureNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina School of Civil Engineering Liaoning Petrochemical UniversityFushunChina Beijing Microelectronics Technology Institute BeijingChina

Machine learning(ML)methods with good applicability to complex and highly nonlinear sequences have been attracting much attention in recent years for predictions of complicated mechanical properties of various *** one of the widely known ML methods,back-propagation(BP)neural networks with and without optimization by genetic algorithm(GA)are also established for comparisons of time cost and prediction *** the aim to further increase the prediction accuracy and efficiency,this paper proposes a long short-term memory(LSTM)networks model to predict the dynamic compressive performance of concrete-like materials at high strain *** explicit analysis is performed in the finite element(FE)software ABAQUS to simulate various waveforms in the split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)experiments by applying different stress waves in the incident *** FE simulation accuracy is validated against SHPB experimental results from the viewpoint of dynamic increase *** order to cover more extensive loading scenarios,60 sets of FE simulations are conducted in this paper to generate three kinds of waveforms in the incident and transmission bars of SHPB *** training the proposed three networks,the nonlinear mapping relations can be reasonably established between incident,reflect,and transmission *** measures are used to quantify the network prediction accuracy,confirming that the predicted stress-strain curves of concrete-like materials at high strain rates by the proposed networks agree sufficiently with those by FE *** is found that compared with BP network,the GA-BP network can effectively stabilize the network structure,indicating that the GA optimization improves the prediction accuracy of the SHPB dynamic responses by performing the crossover and mutation operations of weights and thresholds in the original BP *** eliminating the long-time dependencies,the proposed LSTM network achieves better results than the BP

关键词： deep learning LSTM network GA-BP network dynamic behaviour Concrete-like materials

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弹体对超高性能混凝土侵彻深度的研究

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爆炸与冲击 2024年第2期44卷 134-148页

作者：聂晓东吴祥云龙志林易治姬楠郭瑞奇湘潭大学土木工程与力学学院湖南湘潭411105 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院河南洛阳471023

为了评估超高性能混凝土(UHPC)的抗侵彻性能,对UHPC靶板进行了侵彻试验与数值模拟。首先,利用Φ35 mm火炮对抗压强度为160 MPa的UHPC靶板开展了216~345 m/s速度下的弹体侵彻试验,结果表明:随着弹体速度的增加,侵彻深度与开坑直径皆有明... 详细信息

为了评估超高性能混凝土(UHPC)的抗侵彻性能,对UHPC靶板进行了侵彻试验与数值模拟。首先,利用Φ35 mm火炮对抗压强度为160 MPa的UHPC靶板开展了216~345 m/s速度下的弹体侵彻试验,结果表明:随着弹体速度的增加,侵彻深度与开坑直径皆有明显增加。随后在数值模拟过程中,确立了UHPC的RHT材料模型参数,为了验证材料模型的有效性,采用单轴压缩与霍普金森压杆试验结果对三维有限元模型进行了验证,模拟结果与实验结果吻合良好,表明参数选取科学合理。最后,对弹体侵彻UHPC的过程进行数值模拟,参数化分析了UHPC抗压强度、弹体质量、侵彻速度、弹径、弹头形状对UHPC侵彻深度的影响,并据此推导出弹体对UHPC侵彻深度计算公式。

关键词：侵彻 UHPC 弹头形状系数 RHT模型

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Bulky nanodiamond-confined synthesis of sub-5 nanometer ordered intermetallic Pd_(3)Pb catalysts

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 4973-4979页

作者： Lei Wang Peng yin Wei-Jie Zeng Shi-long Xu Ping Chen Hai-Wei Liang department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

Modulation of geometric and electronic structures of supported Pd-based catalysts by forming atomically ordered intermetallic phases enables an effective way to optimize catalytic ***,the synthesis of small-sized Pd-based intermetallic nanoparticle catalysts with improved mass-based activity remains formidable challenges,since high-temperature annealing generally required for atom ordering inevitably leads to severe metal sintering and thus large ***,we present a bulky nanodiamond-confined method to prepare sub-5 nm Pd_(3)Pb intermetallic nanocatalysts by mitigating metal sintering at high temperatures,which is induced by the electronic interactions between metal and defect-rich graphene shells reinforced by diamond cores in the bulky nanodiamond *** prepared small-sized Pd_(3)Pb intermetallic catalyst displays a high activity with a turnover frequency of 932 h−1 for the semihydrogenation of phenylacetylene under mild conditions(room temperature,3 bar H_(2)),along with a high selectivity of>96%to styrene near the complete conversion of phenylacetylene.

关键词： Pd_(3)Pb intermetallic compound bulky nanodiamond strong metal-support interaction alkynes semihydrogenation

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Computational Study on Mechanisms of C2H5O2＋OH Reaction and Properties of C2H5O3H Complex

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2017年第4期33卷 623-630页

作者： LIU yanli CHEN long CHEN dongping WANG Weina LIU Fengyi WANG Wenliang Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi "an 710119 P. R. China

A comprehensive theoretical study on the bimolecular reaction of C2H502 with OH radicals was performed at the CCSd（T）/6-311＋＋G（2df2p）//B3LyP/6-311＋G（d,p） level of theory. The calculation results show that C2H5O2 ＋ OH reaction proceeds on both the singlet and the triplet potential energy surfaces（PESs）. On the singlet PES, the favorable pathway is the addition of OH radical to the terminal oxygen atom of C2H5O2 radical, leading to the formation of trioxide C2H5O3H with a barrierless process. Then, the trioxide directly decomposes to the products C2H50 and HO2 radicals. On the triplet PES, the predominant pathways are a and β hydrogen atom abstractions of C2H5O2 radical by OH radical-forming products 3CH3CHO2＋H2O and 3CH2CH2O2＋H2O, and the corresponding bar- tiers are 12.02（3TS8） and 19.19 kJ/mol（3TS9）, respectively. In addition, the comprehensive properties of trioxide C2H503H were investigated for the ftrst time. The results indicate that the trioxide complex RC1 can exist stably in the atmosphere owing to a significantly large and negative enthalpy of formation（-118.44 kJ/mol） as well as a high first excitation energy（5.94 eV）.

关键词： C2H5O2 radical Trioxide C2H5O3H complex Reaction mechanism Enthalpy of formation First excited energy

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