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Validation and application of multi-source altimeter wave data in China＇s offshore areas

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2016年第11期35卷 86-96页

作者： KONG Yawen ZHANG Xiuzhi SHENG Lifang chen baozhang State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography of Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China

Studies of offshore wave climate based on satellite altimeter significant wave height（SWH） have widespread application value. This study used a calibrated multi-altimeter SWH dataset to investigate the wave climate characteristics in the offshore areas of China. First, the SWH measurements from 28 buoys located in China＇s coastal seas were compared with an Ifremer calibrated altimeter SWH dataset. Although the altimeter dataset tended to slightly overestimate SWH, it was in good agreement with the in situ data in general. The correlation coefficient was 0.97 and the root-mean-square（RMS） of differences was 0.30 m. The validation results showed a slight difference in different areas. The correlation coefficient was the maximum（0.97） and the RMS difference was the minimum（0.28 m） in the area from the East China Sea to the north of the South China *** correlation coefficient of approximately 0.95 was relatively low in the seas off the Changjiang（Yangtze River） Estuary. The RMS difference was the maximum（0.32 m） in the seas off the Changjiang Estuary and was0.30 m in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea. Based on the above evidence, it is confirmed that the multialtimeter wave data are reliable in China＇s offshore areas. Then, the characteristics of the wave field, including the frequency of huge waves and the multi-year return SWH in China＇s offshore seas were analyzed using the23-year altimeter wave dataset. The 23-year mean SWH generally ranged from 0.6-2.2 m. The greatest SWH appeared in the southeast of the China East Sea, the Taiwan Strait and the northeast of the South China *** seasonal variation of SWH was found in most areas; SWH was greater in winter and autumn than in summer and spring. Extreme waves greater than 4 m in height mainly occurred in the following areas： the southeast of the East China Sea, the south of the Ryukyu Islands, the east of Taiwan-Luzon Island, and the Dongsha Islands extending to the Zhongsha Islands, and the frequency of extr

关键词： multi-altimeter wave data buoy measurements China's offshore area wave climate

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Monitoring Carbon Dioxide from Space：Retrieval Algorithm and Flux Inversion Based on GOSAT Data and Using CarbonTracker-China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2017年第8期34卷 965-976页

作者： Dongxu YANG Huifang ZHANG Yi LIU baozhang chen Zhaonan CAI Daren Lü Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographic Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing 210023 China

Monitoring atmospheric carbon dioxide（CO_2） from space-borne state-of-the-art hyperspectral instruments can provide a high precision global dataset to improve carbon flux estimation and reduce the uncertainty of climate projection. Here, we introduce a carbon flux inversion system for estimating carbon flux with satellite measurements under the support of ＂The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences—Climate Change： Carbon Budget and Relevant Issues＂. The carbon flux inversion system is composed of two separate parts： the Institute of Atmospheric Physics Carbon Dioxide Retrieval Algorithm for Satellite Remote Sensing（IAPCAS）, and Carbon Tracker-China（CT-China）, developed at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite（GOSAT） measurements are used in the carbon flux inversion experiment. To improve the quality of the IAPCAS-GOSAT retrieval, we have developed a post-screening and bias correction method, resulting in 25%–30% of the data remaining after quality control. Based on these data, the seasonal variation of XCO_2（column-averaged CO_2dry-air mole fraction） is studied, and a strong relation with vegetation cover and population is identified. Then, the IAPCAS-GOSAT XCO_2 product is used in carbon flux estimation by CT-China. The net ecosystem CO_2 exchange is-0.34 Pg C yr^（-1）（±0.08 Pg C yr^（-1））, with a large error reduction of 84%, which is a significant improvement on the error reduction when compared with in situ-only inversion.

关键词： retrieval algorithm satellite remote sensing CO2 carbon flux GOSAT

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Comparison of carbon-stock changes, eddycovariance carbon fluxes and model estimates in coastal Douglas-fir stands in British Columbia

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Forest Ecosystems 2015年第2期2卷 104-122页

作者： Colin J Ferster JA (Tony) Trofymow Nicholas C Coops baozhang chen Thomas Andrew Black Department of Forest Resources Management University of British Columbia Canadian Forest Service (Pacific Forestry Centre) Natural Resources Canada Department of Biology University of Victoria Faculty of Land and Food Systems University of British Columbia

Background： The global network of eddy-covariance （EC） flux-towers has improved the understanding of the terrestrial carbon （C） cycle, however, the network has a relatively limited spatial extent compared to forest inventory data and plots. Developing methods to use inventory-based and EC flux measurements together with modeling approaches is necessary evaluate forest C dynamics across broad spatial extents. Methods： Changes in C stock change （AC） were computed based on repeated measurements of forest inventory plots and compared with separate measurements of cumulative net ecosystem productivity （~NEP） over four years （2003 - 2006） for Douglas-fir （Pseudotsuga menzies# var menziesil} dominated regeneration （HDF00）, juvenile （HDF88 and HDF90） and near-rotation （DF49） aged stands （6, 18, 20, 57 years old in 2006, respectively） in coastal British Columbia. AC was determined from forest inventory plot data alone, and in a hybrid approach using inventory data along with litter fall data and published decay equations to determine the change in detrital pools. These AC-based estimates were then compared with Y_NEP measured at an eddy-covariance flux-tower （EC-flux） and modelled by the Carbon Budget Model - Canadian Forest Sector （CBM-CFS3） using historic forest inventory and forest disturbance data. Footprint analysis was used with remote sensing, soils and topography data to evaluate how well the inventory plots represented the range of stand conditions within the area of the flux-tower footprint and to spatially scale the plot data to the area of the EC-flux and model based estimates, Results： The closest convergence among methods was for the juvenile stands while the largest divergences were for the regenerating clearcut, followed by the near-rotation stand. At the regenerating clearcut, footprint weighting of CBM-CFS3 TNEP increased convergence with EC flux Z_NEP, but not for AC. While spatial scaling and footprint weighting did not increase convergence for AC, they d

关键词： Forest carbon Micrometeorology Blometry Remote sensing Geographic information systems

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Satellite-observed changes in terrestrial vegetation growth trends across the Asia-Pacific region associated with land cover and climate from 1982 to 2011

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第11期9卷 1055-1076页

作者： baozhang chen Guang Xu Nicholas C.Coops Philippe Ciais Ranga B.Myneni Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating Ministry of EducationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijingPeople’s Republic of China School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhouPeople’s Republic of China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographic Information Resource Development and Application NanjingPeople’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingPeople’s Republic of China Department of Forest Resource Management University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement UnitéMixte de Recherche Commissariatàl’Energie AtomiqueCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueUniversitéde Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-YvelinesGif-sur-YvetteFrance Department of Earth and Environment Boston UniversityBostonMAUSA

The Asia-Pacific(AP)region has experienced faster warming than the global average in recent decades and has experienced more climate extremes,however little is known about the response of vegetation growth to these *** updated Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies third-generation global satellite Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer Normalized Difference Vegetation Index dataset and gridded reanalysis climate data were used to investigate the spatiotemporal changes in both trends of vegetation dynamic indicators and climatic *** then further analyzed their relations associated with land cover across the AP *** main findings are threefold:(1)at continental scales the AP region overall experienced a gradual and significant increasing trend in vegetation growth during the last three decades,and this NDVI trend corresponded with an insignificant increasing trend in temperature;(2)vegetation growth was negatively and significantly correlated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation index and the El Niño/Southern Oscillation(ENSO)in AP;and(3)at pixel scales,except for Australia,both vegetation growth and air temperature significantly increased in the majority of study regions and vegetation growth spatially correlated with temperature;In Australia and other water-limited regions vegetation growth positively correlated with precipitation.

关键词： Vegetation dynamics NDVI climate change land cover Asia-Pacific region

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The current and future of terrestrial carbon balance over the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第7期66卷 1493-1503页

作者： Tao WANG Xiaoyi WANG Dan LIU Guanting LV Shuai REN Jinzhi DING baozhang chen Jiansheng QU Yafeng WANG Shilong PIAO Fahu chen State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Resource and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China chengdu Documentation and Information Center Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100101China

The contemporary carbon balance over the Tibetan Plateau is highly uncertain with a ten-fold difference between various *** a warming world,the potential exists for a large carbon release from its permafrost which could compromise China’s 2060 carbon-neutral ***,we used a satellite-and inventory-based approach,ecosystem models,and atmospheric inversions to estimate that the carbon sink was 33.12–37.84 TgC yr^(–1)during 2000–*** carbon sink induced by climate change and increasing CO_(2) levels largely overcompensated for a livestock grazing-induced carbon source of 0.38TgC yr^(-1).By 2060,the carbon sink is projected to increase by 38.3–74.5% under moderate to high emissions scenarios,with the enhanced vegetation carbon uptake outweighing the warming-induced permafrost carbon *** restoration of degraded grassland could sequestrate an additional 9.06 TgC yr^(-1),leading to a total carbon sink of 57.78–70.52 TgC yr^(-1).We conclude that the Tibetan Plateau’s ecosystems absorbed two-and-a-half times the amount of its cumulative fossil CO_(2) emissions during 2000–2015 and that their carbon sinks will almost double in strength in the future,helping to achieve China’s pledge to become carbon neutral by 2060.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Carbon balance Satellite-and inventory-based approach Terrestrial ecosystem models Atmospheric inversions Grassland restoration

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ClimateAP: an application for dynamic local downscaling of historical and future climate data in Asia Pacific

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2017年第4期4卷 448-458页

作者： Tongli WANG Guangyu WANG John L.INNES Brad SEELY baozhang chen Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences University of British Columbia Department of Forest Resource Management University of British Columbia State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

While low-to-moderate resolution gridded climate data are suitable for climate-impact modeling at global and ecosystems levels, spatial analyses conducted at local scales require climate data with increased spatial accuracy. This is particularly true for research focused on the evaluation of adaptive forest management strategies. In this study, we developed an application, Climate AP, to generate scale-free(i.e., specific to point locations) climate data for historical(1901–2015) and future(2011–2100)years and periods. Climate AP uses the best available interpolated climate data for the reference period 1961–1990 as baseline data. It downscales the baseline data from a moderate spatial resolution to scale-free point data through dynamic local elevation adjustments. It also integrates and downscales the historical and future climate data using a delta approach. In the case of future climate data, two greenhouse gas representative concentration pathways(RCP 4.5 and 8.5) and 15 general circulation models are included to allow for the assessment of alternative climate scenarios. In addition, Climate AP generates a large number of biologically relevant climate variables derived from primary monthly variables. The effectiveness of the local downscaling was determined based on the strength of the local linear regression for the estimate of lapse rate. The accuracy of the Climate AP output was evaluated through comparisons of Climate AP output against observations from 1805 weather stations in the Asia Pacific region. The local linear regression explained 70%–80% and 0%–50% of the total variation in monthly temperatures and precipitation, respectively, in most cases. Climate AP reduced prediction error by up to27% and 60% for monthly temperature and precipitation,respectively, relative to the original baselines data. The improvements for baseline portions of historical and futurewere more substantial. Applications and limitations of the software are discussed.

关键词： biologically relevant climate variables downscaling dynamic local regression future climate historical climate

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Local perceptions of the conversion of cropland to forestland program in Jiangxi, Shaanxi, and Sichuan, China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第5期30卷 1833-1847页

作者： Guangyu Wang Oliver Z.Ma Liguo Wang Anil Shrestha baozhang chen Feng Mi Shirong Liu Xiaomin Guo Sarah Eshpeter John L.Innes Asia Forest Research Centre Faculty of ForestryUniversity of British Columbia2424 Main MallVancouverBCCanada Land Resources and Environmental College Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityZhimin RdJingkai DistrictNanchang City 330004JiangxiPeople’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesNo.11A Datun RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China College of Business and Economics Beijing Forestry University#35 Qinghua East RdHaidian DistrictBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Chinese Academy of Forestry Dongxiaofu No.1Haidian DistrictBeijing 100091People’s Republic of China

Numerous land-use policies have been implemented in China in recent decades for ecological restoration and conservation to reduce environmental disasters and promote environmental *** of these policies follow a top-down approach to implementation and as such,emphasize the hierarchical control within government *** understanding of local perceptions of land-use policies is important if the disconnect between policy makers and the target population is to be reduced and if program support is to *** study aimed to help improve local implementation,attitude toward,and engagement by examining the influence of socio-economic characteristics on the target population’s(local farmers)perception of the conversion of cropland to forestland program(CFPP)land use policy in Jiangxi,Sichuan,and Shaanxi *** uses logistical regression models,with robust aspects of perception including confidence,support,transparency,prospects,fairness,and willingness to *** indicate that social aspects as well as economic aspects are most important in influencing farmers’perceptions towards the *** farmers who have received technical support,rural male habitants,educated,and non-middle-aged farmers exhibit more positive perceptions of the program and are much more likely to support it,whereas farmers without any technical support or formal education,and female and middle-aged farmers are less likely to support the ***,this study also reveals the differences in responses,experiences and perceptions of the farmers living across different *** empirical results provide insight into the influence of socio-economic characteristics on the perception of farmers towards land-use policies,which has important implications for designing targeted policy instruments and increasing farmer support for these *** knowledge can be harnessed and further evaluated in future research to improve citizen engagement,support

关键词： Forest policy Ecological restoration Local perception Social sustainability Land-use and change China

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An atmospheric perspective on the carbon budgets of terrestrial ecosystems in China:progress and challenges

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Science Bulletin 2021年第17期66卷 1713-1718,M0003页

作者： baozhang chen Huifang Zhang Tao Wang Xiaoye Zhang School of Remote Sensing and Geomatics Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Resource and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Monitoring&Assessment Center for GHGs(Greenhouse Gases)&Carbon Neutrality Institute of Atmospheric Composition and Environmental MeteorologyChinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Center for Excellence in Tibetan Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

The atmospheric inversion is an effective method for quantifying surface CO_(2) fluxes at global and regional scales using the gradient of CO_(2) measurements and has the advantage of inferring CO_(2) sources and sinks over large spatial ***“2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories”was adopted and accepted during the 49th Session of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)in May 2019.

关键词： scales 进展与挑战 sink

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巴基斯坦瓜达尔港地区干旱灾害风险评估

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地理研究 2022年第8期41卷 2251-2264页

作者：宋柏泱陈报章南京信息工程大学遥感与测绘工程学院南京210044 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室北京100101 中国科学院大学北京100049

在全球变暖和极端气候事件频发的背景下,分析干旱特征及其风险不仅对经济社会发展具有重要实际价值,而且可为研究气候变化与人类活动的相互作用关系提供参考。瓜达尔港地区是“一带一路”倡议的重要交通要道。本文遵循灾害风险评估理论... 详细信息

在全球变暖和极端气候事件频发的背景下,分析干旱特征及其风险不仅对经济社会发展具有重要实际价值,而且可为研究气候变化与人类活动的相互作用关系提供参考。瓜达尔港地区是“一带一路”倡议的重要交通要道。本文遵循灾害风险评估理论,采用趋势分析方法对瓜达尔港地区进行干旱灾害风险分析。结果表明:(1)瓜达尔港地区整体干旱灾害危险性指数为0.5左右,南部地区遭受干旱灾害的可能性比北部低,东部地区遭受干旱灾害的可能性较高;(2)暴露度指数整体在0.5左右,中部沿海地区由于经济发达而较容易受到干旱灾害影响,西北部地区有较高的暴露度指数;(3)脆弱性指数整体偏低,并且大致呈由北向南递减的趋势;(4)瓜达尔港地区为中度干旱风险,其中部沿海地区、东北部以及西部小部分区域有相对较高的干旱风险,只有较少的零星区域有较低的干旱风险水平;(5)该地区帕默尔干旱指数(PDSI)变化率全部呈下降趋势,意味着该地区整体干旱趋势有所增加。

关键词：干旱风险评估危险性暴露度脆弱性趋势分析瓜达尔港

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城市医疗设施空间分布合理性评估

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地球信息科学学报 2017年第2期19卷 185-196页

作者：丁愫陈报章中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院徐州221116 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室北京100101

随着经济发展和人民生活水平的不断提高,城市居民对健康的重视程度不断的增加,医疗设施作为城市中不可或缺的公共设施发挥着越来越重要的作用。城市的不断扩张导致医疗机构的分布已不能适应当前的城市规模,如何能够将有限的医疗资源进... 详细信息

随着经济发展和人民生活水平的不断提高,城市居民对健康的重视程度不断的增加,医疗设施作为城市中不可或缺的公共设施发挥着越来越重要的作用。城市的不断扩张导致医疗机构的分布已不能适应当前的城市规模,如何能够将有限的医疗资源进行合理的分配,并能在最大程度上满足居民的需求成为当下研究热点。本研究基于地理信息系统(GIS)空间分析技术,根据统计资料建立武汉市中心城区交通网络、医疗机构分布、人口等数据库,分别从可达性和公平性角度评价武汉市医疗设施的空间分布合理性,并利用地理空间可达性评估法和基于交通网络行进时间成本法分别对武汉市中心城区医疗设施可达性进行评价。就医可达性评估显示,武汉市居民就医便捷程度总体上较好,并以长江和汉江的交界地区为中心,呈四周放射状分布。通过引入需求指数、医疗机构规模、区域人口、人均可支配收入等指标,利用基尼系数、空间相关性和空间分层异质性评价医疗服务设施空间分布公平性。结果表明,武汉市医疗机构分布按人口分布合理,医疗机构主要集中分布在人口密集的主城区;地理分布上城郊地区医疗机构相对稀少。最后,依据可达性和公平性评价结果,对武汉市医疗设施布局提出合理化建议。在城市规划发展中,应更多考虑改善郊区等交通欠发达区域居民的就医条件,从而完善城市医疗设施分布。

关键词： GIS 医疗设施可达性公平性武汉市

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