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A monolithic 3D IGZO-RRAM-SRAM-integrated architecture for robust and efficient compute-in-memory enabling equivalent-ideal device metrics

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年

作者： Shengzhe YAN Zhaori CONG Zi WANG Zhuoyu DAI Zeyu GUO Zhihang QIAN Xufan LI Xu ZHENG Chuanke CHEN Nianduan LU Chunmeng DOU Guanhua YANG Xiaoxin XU Di geng Jinshan YUE Lingfei WANG Ling LI Ming LIU Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Abstract Compute-in-memory (CIM) based on various devices such as static random access memory (SRAM) and resistive random access memory (RRAM) and other emerging devices such as indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (IGZO) transistor, magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM), and ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) has been explored for better performance and energy efficiency on neural networks applications. However, CIM based on a single-type device suffers a variety of non-ideal metrics to reach the simultaneous optimal accuracy, density, and energy efficiency. This work presents equivalent-ideal CIM (Eq-CIM), a monolithic 3D(M3D) IGZO-RRAM-SRAM integrated architecture for robust and efficient compute-in-memory enabling equivalent-ideal device metrics. To overcome the non-ideality (variation, endurance, temperature, etc.) of the single-type devices, system-technology co-optimization (STCO) is performed. This work highlights the non-ideality-aware functionality breakdown for robust high accuracy and simultaneous high density/efficiency, by utilizing 2T0C IGZO for temporal activation storage, RRAM for high-density weight storage, and SRAM for accurate CIM. Device-to-algorithm variation transfer is applied to analyze the system-level accuracy. We benchmark Eq-CIM architecture on CIFAR-10/ImageNet, with 5.06×storage density and 5.05×/2.45×area/energy efficiency compared with single-type-device-based CIM, and high robustness (<0.27%accuracy loss) from-40℃ to 120℃.

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不同来流条件下急弯段环流结构演化过程研究

Probability-based method using RFEM for predicting wall deflection caused by excavation

工程力学 2025年第1期42卷 259-272页

作者：胡呈维余明辉渠庚长江科学院河流研究所武汉430010 长江科学院水利部长江中下游河湖治理与防洪重点实验室武汉430010 武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室武汉430072

弯道环流是弯道水流运动的典型特征之一，一直以来都是众多学者关注的重点。弯道环流主要分为两类：第一类由水流经过弯道时受到的径向压差力差而引起，流速较大;第二类主要由紊流各向异性引起，尽管流速很小，但其与弯道岸坡冲刷过程... 详细信息

弯道环流是弯道水流运动的典型特征之一，一直以来都是众多学者关注的重点。弯道环流主要分为两类：第一类由水流经过弯道时受到的径向压差力差而引起，流速较大;第二类主要由紊流各向异性引起，尽管流速很小，但其与弯道岸坡冲刷过程密切相关。然而当前成果较少关注第二类弯道环流发展演化过程。因此，该文采用弯道水槽试验与数值模拟方法得到的高精度三维流速数据，研究弯道环流结构的变化规律及其动力特性，特别是第二类弯道环流的发展变化。研究结果表明：对于高雷诺数的急弯水流，由于紊动各向异性特征明显，弯道水流常会出现多个环流;对于纵向流速，当水流流经弯顶断面后，纵向流速沿垂向的分布已经明显偏离对数流速分布;当水流经过弯顶断面后，纵向流速沿着垂线存在着显著的均匀化趋势;当弗劳德数较大时，大尺寸涡体在不断分解中，使得原来的各向异性影响越来越小，凹岸附近的小尺寸环流趋近于各向同性状态，造成凹岸小环流逐渐微弱并最后消失;急弯段中环流与纵向水流互馈作用十分显著，弯道环流将对断面内的动量进行重分配，携带某些高速流体到断面内的其他区域，因此，在出现弯道环流的区域其纵向流速也一般比较小。

关键词：弯曲型河流急弯河段弯道环流水槽试验数值模拟

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2011年第10期12卷 737-746页

作者： Yu-geng TANG Department of Architecture Hwa-Hsia Institute of Technology Taiwan 23568 Taipei

This study employs the random finite element method (RFEM) to analyze the wall deflection caused by excavation. The RFEM combined random fields of material properties with the FEM through the Monte Carlo simulation. A well-documented excavation case history is employed to evaluate the influence of uncertainty of analysis parameters. This study shows that RFEM can provide reasonable estimations of the exceedance probability of wall deflection caused by excavation, and has the potential to be a useful tool to account for the uncertainties of material and model parameters in the numerical analysis.

关键词： Excavation Random finite element method (RFEM) Uncertainty Wall deflection

EFFECTS　OF　TEMPERATURE　TREATMENT　ON　MICROSTRUCTURE　AND　PROPERTIES　OF　ZA27　ALLOY

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 1995年第3期5卷 113-118页

作者： geng, Haoran geng, Guili Gao, Xiqi Ma, Jiaji Shandong Polytechnic Univ Jinan China

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＴＥＭＰＥＲＡＴＵＲＥＴＲＥＡＴＭＥＮＴＯＮＭＩＣＲＯＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＡＮＤＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＩＥＳＯＦＺＡ２７ＡＬＬＯＹ￥Ｇｅｎｇ，Ｈａｏｒａｎ；Ｇｅｎｇ，Ｇｕｉｌｉ；Ｇａｏ，Ｘｉｑｉ；Ｍａ，Ｊｉａ... 详细信息

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＴＥＭＰＥＲＡＴＵＲＥＴＲＥＡＴＭＥＮＴＯＮＭＩＣＲＯＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＡＮＤＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＩＥＳＯＦＺＡ２７ＡＬＬＯＹ￥Ｇｅｎｇ，Ｈａｏｒａｎ；Ｇｅｎｇ，Ｇｕｉｌｉ；Ｇａｏ，Ｘｉｑｉ；Ｍａ，Ｊｉａｊｉ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭａ...

关键词： ZA27 alloy high-Al Zn-based alloy thermal-rate treatment of melt

Partial-TMR: A New Method for Protecting Register Files Against Soft Error Based on Lifetime Analysis

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2021年第5期36卷 1089-1101页

作者： Xian-geng Liang Ying-Ke Gao geng-Xin Hua Beijing Institute of Control Engineering China Academy of Space TechnologyBeijing 100090China

High-energy particles in the space can easily cause soft error in register file(RF).As a critical structure in a processor,RF often stores data for long periods of time and is read frequently,resulting in a higher probability of spreading corrupted data to other parts of the *** triple modular redundancy(TMR)is a common and effective fault tolerance method that enables multi-bit error *** full TMR for all the registers could cause excessive area and power ***,some registers in RF have less impact on processor ***,there is no need to design TMR for *** paper designs an efficient strategy which can rate the registers in RF based on their *** on the proposed strategy,a new RF fault tolerance method named Partial-TMR formulates in this paper,which selectively protects more vulnerable registers against multi-bit error,and improves fault tolerance *** integer RF,Partial-TMR improves its soft error correction capability by 24.5%relative to the baseline system and 3%relative to ParShield,while for floating-point RF,the improvement comes to 5.17%and 0.58%*** soft error correction capability of Partial-TMR is slightly lower than that of full TMR by 1%to 3%,but Partial-TMR significantly cuts the area and power *** with full TMR,Partial-TMR decreases the area and power overheads by 71.6%and 64.9%,*** also has little impact on the ***-TMR is a more cost-effective fault tolerance method compared with ParShield and full TMR.

关键词： register file soft error lifetime analysis selective protection triple modular redundancy(TMR)

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中国式现代化对西方式现代化的历史性超越

哈尔滨市委党校学报 2025年第1期 8-13,20页

作者：李包庚王佳宁波大学马克思主义学院浙江宁波315000

西方式现代化受资本逻辑支配,颠倒了人与物的关系,造成了社会两极分化与人的单向度发展、全球生态危机与全球生态治理困境、欺凌剥削他国、逆全球化思潮、西方中心主义等“西方现代性问题”。中国式现代化坚持人民至上原则,追求全体人... 详细信息

西方式现代化受资本逻辑支配,颠倒了人与物的关系,造成了社会两极分化与人的单向度发展、全球生态危机与全球生态治理困境、欺凌剥削他国、逆全球化思潮、西方中心主义等“西方现代性问题”。中国式现代化坚持人民至上原则,追求全体人民共同富裕与人的自由而全面的发展,统筹物质文明与生态文明协调发展,构建人类命运共同体,提倡世界不同文明相互尊重交流互鉴,实现了对西方式现代化的全面历史性超越,创造了人类文明新形态。中国式现代化彰显了中国特色社会主义制度的优越性,以建设中华民族现代文明、创造人类文明新形态为时代旨归,破除了“现代化=西方化”的迷思,走出了一条既具有中国特色又推进世界共同发展的现代化道路。

关键词：中国式现代化西方式现代化资本逻辑人民至上人类文明新形态

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Fault ride-through of renewable energy conversion systems during voltage recovery

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2016年第1期4卷 28-39页

作者： Ruiqi LI Hua geng geng YANG Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Asymmetrical voltage swells during recovery of a short-circuit fault lead to fluctuations in the dc-link voltage of a renewable energy conversion system(RECS),and may induce reversed power flow and even trip the RECS. This paper studies characteristics of both typical causes resulting in the practical asymmetrical voltage swell and the voltage at the point of common coupling(PCC)during the fault recovery. As analyzed, the fault recovery process can be divided into two continuous periods in which different control strategies have to be applied. Also protective measures are necessary in the transient period of the process. Additionally, the asymmetrical high-voltage ride-through capability and the controllability criteria of the RECS are analyzed based on eliminating the fluctuations. Furthermore, an asymmetrical control scheme is proposed to maintain the controllability of the RECS and ride through the entire recovery process. As verified by the simulation, the scheme can promise the RECS to deal with the practical fault recovery period and mitigate the dc-link voltage fluctuations, which improves the reliability of the RECS and the power system.

关键词： Inverter Renewable energy conversion system Asymmetrical grid voltage High-voltage ride-through(HVRT) Limit analysis

Randomized difference-based gradient-free algorithm for distributed resource allocation

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第4期65卷 212-228页

作者： Xiaoxue geng Wenxiao ZHAO Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Institute of Systems Science Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

This paper considers a distributed resource allocation problem over time-varying networks. The objective of each agent in the network is to optimize the sum of separable convex functions subjected to resource constraints by observing its local objective function and the information exchanged with its adjacent neighbors. Thus, the problem lies in a distributed framework. In existing literature dealing with similar problems, the measurement of the gradients/subgradients of the objective functions has been applied in the algorithm design. In this paper, by adding stochastic dithers to the local objective functions and constructing randomized differences, we propose a distributed gradient-free algorithm for solving the problem, and show that the algorithm is strongly convergent; that is, the estimates generated from each agent almost certainly converge to the optimal resource allocation solution of the network. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is validated by conducting numerical experiments.

关键词： resource allocation distributed algorithm randomized difference

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Phillips-Heffron model for current-controlled power electronic generation unit

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2018年第3期6卷 582-594页

作者： Shulong TAN Hua geng geng YANG Department of Automation Tsinghua University

This paper presents a Phillips-Heffron model for the generation unit with current-controlled(CC) voltage source converter(VSC) as the interface. A concept of current angle is put forward for the CC-VSC, and the relationship between the current angle and the power angle is also quantified. Based on the current angle, a PhillipsHeffron model is established for the generation unit with CC-VSC, considering the dynamic of phase-locked-loop(PLL) in the weak grid. The model demonstrates that small-signal dynamics of the generation unit is similar to that of the traditional synchronous generator(SG) which is characterized by the electromechanical swing *** the dynamics can be depicted by the famous inertia,synchronizing and damping coefficients. Small-signal stability of a CC-VSC-based single machine infinite bus system is analyzed by means of the traditional theory of power system. Based on the relationship between the current angle and the power angle, the Phillips-Heffron model of the CC-VSC is also used in stability analysis of multimachine power system, and parameter optimizations of the CC-VSC are also studied for stability improvement.

关键词： Phillips-Heffron model Voltage source converter Current angle Synchronous generator Small-signal stability