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Thermodynamic and thermoelectric properties of titanium oxycarbide with metal vacancy

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第4期29卷 787-795页

作者： bao Zhang Jiusan Xiao Shuqiang Jiao Hongmin zhu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Innovation Group of Marine Engineering Materials and Corrosion Control Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong LaboratoryZhuhai 519080China Tohoku University Sendai 980-8579Japan

Normal titanium oxycarbide exhibits an excellent electrical conductivity and a high carrier concentration of approximately 10^(21) cm^(-3);however,the low Seebeck coefficient limits the thermoelectric *** this study,first-principle calculations demonstrate that the metal vacancy of titanium oxycarbide weakens the density of state passing through the valence band at the Fermi level,impairing the carrier concentration and enhancing carrier *** analysis justifies the formation of titanium oxycarbide with metal vacancy through solid-state *** electron microscopic images demonstrate the segregation of metal vacancy based on the observation of the defect-rich and single-crystal face-centered cubic *** vacancy triggers the formation of vacancy-rich and single-crystal face-centered cubic *** aggregation of metal vacancy leads to the formation of the vacancy-rich region and other regions with a semi-coherent interface,suppressing the carrier concentration from 1.71×10^(21) to 4.5×10^(20) cm^(-3) and resulting in the Seebeck coefficient from -11μV/K of TiC_(0.5)O_(0.5) to -64μV/K at 1073 ***,vacancies accelerate electron migration from 1.65 to 4.22 cm^(-2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1),maintaining high *** figure of merit(ZT)increases more than five orders of magnitude via the introduction of metal vacancy,with the maximum figure of 2.11×10^(-2) at 1073 *** results indicate the potential thermoelectric application of metal-oxycarbide materials through vacancy engineering.

关键词： titanium oxycarbide metal vacancy thermoelectric first-principle calculation thermodynamics

Nitrogen distribution in the products from the hydrothermal liquefaction of Chlorella sp. and Spirulina sp.

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第6期16卷 985-995页

作者： Tianyi bao Yuanyuan Shao Haiping Zhang Jesse zhu School of Chemical Engineering of Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology Tianjin 300072China Department of Chemical&Biochemical Engineering The University of Western OntarioOntario N6A 3K7Canada

The high contents of nitrogen-containing organic compounds in biocrude obtained from hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae are one of the most concerned issues on the applications and *** the project,Chlorella *** Spirulina *** selected as raw materials to investigate the influence of different reaction conditions(i.e.,reaction temperature,residence time,solid loading rate)on the distribution of nitrogen in the oil phase and aqueous *** main forms of nitrogen-containing organic compounds including nitrogen-heterocyclic compounds,amide,and amine were detected in *** contents of nitrogen-heterocyclic compounds decreased with temperature while amide kept *** effect of residence time on the components of nitrogen-containing organic compounds was similar with that of ***,the influence of solid loading rate was ***,it was also found that the differences of amino acids in the protein components in the two microalgae might affect the nitrogen distribution in *** example,nitrogen in basic amino acids of Spirulina *** to go into the aqueous phase comparing with the nitrogen in neutral amino acids of Chlorella *** summary,a brief reaction map was proposed to describe the nitrogen pathway during microalgae hydrothermal liquefaction.

关键词： microalgae hydrothermal liquefaction biocrude nitrogen distribution

Size effect in the Al3Sc dispersoid-mediated precipitation and mechanical/electrical properties of Al-Mg-Si-Sc alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第22期54卷 78-84页

作者： Ruihong Wang Shengyu Jiang bao'an Chen Zhixiang zhu School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an University of TechnologyXi'an710048PR China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Power Transmission Technology Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Co.Ltd.Beijing102209PR China

A significant size effect is found in the Al3 Sc dispersoid-mediated precipitation in an Al-Mg-Si-Sc *** the Al3 Sc dispersoid size smaller than about 40 nm,β " precipitates nucleate directly on the coherent dispersoids and grow by sacrificing the *** the dispersoid size greater than^40 nm,Q' and U2 phases are additionally produced that nucleate on the dislocations induced by the semi-/incoherent *** and electrical properties are highly sensitive to the Al3 Sc dispersoid-tuned *** co-precipitation of β",Q' and U2 phases leads to an obvious improvement in hardness and simultaneously in electrical conductivity.

关键词： Al-Mg-Si-Sc alloy Al3Sc dispersoids Precipitation Size effect Hardness and conductivity

Dynamics of a Strengthened Chaotic System and Its Circuit Implementation

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2014年第2期23卷 353-356页

作者： SUN Kehui LIU xuan zhu Congxu School of Physics and Electronics Central South University

To strengthen a chaotic system, a state feedback controller is applied to generate hyperchaotic behaviors based on the simplified Lorenz system, and a coordinate transformation is used for converting topological structure of the hyperchaotic system from two wings to four wings. Complex dynamics of the hyperchaotic and four-wing attractor system are analyzed and verified by Lyapunov exponent spectrums, bifurcation diagrams,phase portraits, Poincar′e sections and circuit *** circuit experiment results are agreed well with the simulation results, and it lays a good foundation for the chaotic secure communication.

关键词： Hyperchaos Multi-wing attractor Simplified Lorenz system Circuit implementation

Alternative Strategy for Development of Dielectric Calcium Copper Titanate‑Based Electrolytes for Low‑Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 310-332页

作者： Sajid Rauf Muhammad Bilal Hanif Zuhra Tayyab Matej Veis MAKYousaf Shah Naveed Mushtaq Dmitry Medvedev Yibin Tian Chen Xia Martin Motola Bin zhu College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People’s Republic of China Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University BratislavaIlkovicova684215 BratislavaSlovakia Energy Storage Joint Research Center School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096People’s Republic of China Hydrogen Energy Laboratory Ural Federal University620002 EkaterinburgRussia Laboratory of Electrochemical Devices Based on Solid Oxide Proton Electrolytes Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry620066 EkaterinburgRussia School of Microelectronics Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062People’s Republic of China

The development of low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells(LT-SOFCs)is of significant importance for realizing the widespread application of *** has stimulated a substantial materials research effort in developing high oxide-ion conductivity in the electrolyte layer of *** this context,for the first time,a dielectric material,CaCu_(3)Ti_(4)O_(12)(CCTO)is designed for LT-SOFCs electrolyte application in this *** individual CCTO and its heterostructure materials with a p-type Ni_(0.8)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05)LiO_(2−δ)(NCAL)semiconductor are evaluated as alternative electrolytes in LT-SOFC at 450–550℃.The single cell with the individual CCTO electrolyte exhibits a power output of approximately 263 mW cm^(-2) and an open-circuit voltage(OCV)of 0.95 V at 550℃,while the cell with the CCTO–NCAL heterostructure electrolyte capably delivers an improved power output of approximately 605 mW cm^(-2) along with a higher OCV over 1.0 V,which indicates the introduction of high hole-conducting NCAL into the CCTO could enhance the cell performance rather than inducing any potential short-circuiting *** is found that these promising outcomes are due to the interplay of the dielectric material,its structure,and overall properties that led to improve electrochemical mechanism in CCTO–***,density functional theory calculations provide the detailed information about the electronic and structural properties of the CCTO and NCAL and their heterostructure CCTO–*** study thus provides a new approach for developing new advanced electrolytes for LT-SOFCs.

关键词： LT-SOFCs Dielectric CaCu_(3)Ti_(4)O_(12) Semiconductor Ni_(0.8)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05)LiO_(2−δ) Ionic conductivity Heterostructure electrolyte

Nanoparticles for the treatment of spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1665-1680页

作者： Qiwei Yang Di Lu Jiuping Wu Fuming Liang Huayi Wang Junjie Yang Ganggang Zhang Chen Wang Yanlian Yang Ling zhu Xinzhi Sun Department of Orthopedic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Spinal cord injuries lead to significant loss of motor, sensory, and autonomic functions, presenting major challenges in neural regeneration. Achieving effective therapeutic concentrations at injury sites has been a slow process, partly due to the difficulty of delivering drugs effectively. Nanoparticles, with their targeted delivery capabilities, biocompatibility, and enhanced bioavailability over conventional drugs, are garnering attention for spinal cord injury treatment. This review explores the current mechanisms and shortcomings of existing treatments, highlighting the benefits and progress of nanoparticle-based approaches. We detail nanoparticle delivery methods for spinal cord injury, including local and intravenous injections, oral delivery, and biomaterial-assisted implantation, alongside strategies such as drug loading and surface modification. The discussion extends to how nanoparticles aid in reducing oxidative stress, dampening inflammation, fostering neural regeneration, and promoting angiogenesis. We summarize the use of various types of nanoparticles for treating spinal cord injuries, including metallic, polymeric, protein-based, inorganic non-metallic, and lipid nanoparticles. We also discuss the challenges faced, such as biosafety, effectiveness in humans, precise dosage control, standardization of production and characterization, immune responses, and targeted delivery in vivo. Additionally, we explore future directions, such as improving biosafety, standardizing manufacturing and characterization processes, and advancing human trials. Nanoparticles have shown considerable progress in targeted delivery and enhancing treatment efficacy for spinal cord injuries, presenting significant potential for clinical use and drug development.

关键词： antioxidants axon regeneration biocompatible materials drug carriers nanoparticles nerve regeneration neuroinflammatory diseases neuroprotection spinal cord injury stem cells

An Improved Feasible QP-free Algorithm for Inequality Constrained Optimization

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2012年第12期28卷 2475-2488页

作者： Zhi Bin zhu Jin bao JIAN College of Mathematics and Computing Science Guilin University of Electronic Technology College of Mathematics and Informational Science Guangxi University College of Mathematics and Informational Science Yulin Normal University

In this paper, an improved feasible QP-free method is proposed to solve nonlinear inequality constrained optimization problems. Here, a new modified method is presented to obtain the revised feasible descent direction. In view of the computational cost, the most attractive feature of the new algorithm is that only one system of linear equations is required to obtain the revised feasible descent direction. Thereby, per single iteration, it is only necessary to solve three systems of linear equations with the same coefficient matrix. In particular, without the positive definiteness assumption on the Hessian estimate, the proposed algorithm is still global convergence. Under some suitable conditions, the superlinear convergence rate is obtained.

关键词： Inequality constrained optimization feasible QP-free method system of linear equations,global convergence superlinear convergence rate

Segmentation by Elastica Energy with L^(1) and L^(2) Curvatures: a Performance Comparison

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2019年第1期12卷 285-311页

作者： xuan He Wei zhu Xue-Cheng Tai Department of Mathematics University of AlabamaBox 870350TuscaloosaAL 35487USA Department of Mathematics Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloonTong KowloonHong Kong

In this paper,we propose an algorithm based on augmented Lagrangian method and give a performance comparison for two segmentation models that use the L^(1)-and L^(2)-Euler’s elastica energy respectively as the regularization for image *** capture contour curvature more reliably,we develop novel augmented Lagrangian functionals that ensure the segmentation level set function to be signed dis-tance functions,which avoids the reinitialization of segmentation function during the iterative *** the proposed algorithm and with the same initial contours,we compare the performance of these two high-order segmentation models and numerically verify the different properties of the two models.

关键词： Augmented Lagrangian method Euler’s elastica image segmentation

EZH2-dependent myelination following sciatic nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2382-2394页

作者： Hui zhu Li Mu Xi Xu Tianyi Huang Ying Wang Siyuan Xu Yiting Wang Wencong Wang Zhiping Wang Hongkui Wang Chengbin Xue Research Center of Clinical Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityKey Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of EducationCo-innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology ProductsNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Medical School of Nantong University NantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Critical Care Medicine Nantong Fourth People’s HospitalNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina

Demyelination and remyelination have been major focal points in the study of peripheral nerve regeneration following peripheral nerve ***,the gene regulatory network of regenerated myelin differs from that of native *** of enhancer of zeste homolog 2(EZH2)hinders the differentiation,maturation,and myelination of Schwann cells in *** further determine the role of EZH2 in myelination and recovery post-peripheral nerve injury,conditional knockout mice lacking Ezh2 in Schwann cells(Ezh2^(fl/fl);Dhh-Cre and Ezh2^(fl/fl);Mpz-Cre)were *** results show that a significant proportion of axons in the sciatic nerve of Ezh2-depleted mice remain *** highlights the crucial role of Ezh2 in initiating Schwann cell ***,we observed that 21 days after inducing a sciatic nerve crush injury in these mice,most axons had remyelinated at the injury site in the control nerve,while Ezh2^(fl/fl);Mpz-Cre mice had significantly fewer remyelinated axons compared with their wild-type *** suggests that the absence of Ezh2 in Schwann cells impairs myelin formation and *** conclusion,EZH2 has emerged as a pivotal regulatory factor in the process of demyelination and myelin regeneration following peripheral nerve *** EZH2 activity during these processes may offer a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries.

关键词： demyelination EZH2 myelination peripheral nerve injury PRC2 remyelination Schwann cells sciatic nerve crush sciatic nerve transection