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Impact of sympatric carnivores on den selection of wild giant pandas

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Zoological Research 2020年第3期41卷 273-280页

作者： Xin-Lei Lai Wen-Liang Zhou Hua-Lei Gao Meng Wang Kai Gao bao-wei zhang Fu-Wen wei Yong-Gang Nie School of Life Sciences Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhui 230601China Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China

Interspecific killing is a primary reason for the low survival rates of some animal species. The giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is an altricial eutherian mammal and thus, in comparison to other infants, panda cubs are highly vulnerable, which may significantly influence the selection of breeding sites by females. Here, we used infrared camera traps to monitor giant panda dens for 5.5 years in Foping National Nature Reserve(FNNR) to determine how interspecific factors affect den selection by wild female pandas. Results indicated that Asian black bears(Ursus thibetanus), yellow-throated martens(Martes flavigula), leopard cats(Prionailurus bengalensis), and masked palm civets(Paguma larvata) visited the dens frequently, and the presence of these species negatively influenced den selection by female pandas. Interestingly, the presence of rodents and terrestrial birds appeared to indicate den safety, and female giant pandas were not averse and even preferred dens with a high abundance index of rodents and terrestrial birds. The den suitability index(DSI) was a reliable tool for evaluating whether dens were suitable for female giant pandas to give birth to and rear cubs, with preference for dens with high DSI values. This study increases our understanding of the den selection criteria of female giant pandas and the main threats to the survival of their cubs,thus providing important guidance for the conservation and management of this species.

关键词： Ailuropoda melanoleuca Interspecific interference competition Dens Den suitability index

Phylogenetic analysis of combined mitochondrial genome and 32 nuclear genes provides key insights into molecular systematics and historical biogeography of Asian warty newts of the genus Paramesotriton(Caudata: Salamandridae)

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Zoological Research 2022年第5期43卷 787-804页

作者： Tao Luo Sha-Sha Yan Ning Xiao Jia-Jun Zhou Xing-Liang Wang wei-Cai Chen Huai-Qing Deng bao-wei zhang Jiang Zhou School of Life Sciences Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyangGuizhou 550025China School of Karst Science Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyangGuizhou 550001China Guiyang Healthcare Vocational University GuiyangGuizhou 550081China Zhejiang Forest Resource Monitoring Center HangzhouZhejiang 310020China Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf Ministry of Education Nanning Normal UniversityNanningGuangxi 530001China School of Life Sciences Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhui 230601China

The Paramesotriton Chang, 1935 genus of Asian warty newts is the second most diverse genus in the family Salamandridae, currently containing 14recognized species from northern Vietnam to southwest-central and southern China. Although species of this genus have been included in previous phylogenetic studies, the origin and interspecific relationships of the genus are still not fully resolved,especially at key nodes in the phylogeny. In this study, we sequenced mitochondrial genomes and 32nuclear genes from 27 samples belonging to 14species to reconstruct the interspecific phylogenetic relationships within Paramesotriton and explore its historical biogeography in southern China. Both Bayesianinferenceandmaximum-likelihood analyses highly supported the monophyly of Paramesotriton and its two recognized species groups(P. caudopunctatus and P. chinensis groups)and further identified five hypothetical phylogenetic cryptic species. Biogeographic analyses indicated that Paramesotriton originated in southwestern China(Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau/South China) during the late Oligocene. The time of origin of Paramesotriton corresponded to the second uplift of the Himalayan/Qinghai-Xizang(Tibetan) Plateau(QTP), rapid lateral extrusion of Indochina, and formation of karst landscapes in southwestern *** component analysis(PCA), independent sample t-tests, and niche differentiation using bioclimatic variables based on locations of occurrence suggested that Paramesotriton habitat conditions in the three current regions(West, South,and East) differ significantly, with different levels of climatic niche differentiation. Species distribution model(SDM) predictions indicated that the most suitable distribution areas for the P. caudopunctatus and P. chinensis species groups are western and southern/eastern areas of southern China. This study increases our knowledge of the taxonomy,biodiversity, origin, and suitable distribution areas of the genus Paramesotriton based on phylogene

关键词： Paramesotriton Systematics Biogeography Southern China

Molecular and morphological evidence for a new species of the genus Typhlomys(Rodentia:Platacanthomyidae)

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Zoological Research 2021年第1期42卷 100-107页

作者： Ting-Li Hu Feng Cheng Zhen Xu Zhong-Zheng Chen Lei Yu Qian Ban Chun-Lin Li Tao Pan bao-wei zhang School of Life Sciences Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhui 230601China Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology Institute of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity PotsdamPotsdamBrandenburg 14476Germany Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education School of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuAnhui 241000China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhui 230601China International Collaborative Research Center for Huangshan Biodiversity and Tibetan Macaque Behavioral Ecology HefeiAnhui 230601China

DEAR EDITOR,In this study,we reassessed the taxonomic position of Typhlomys(Rodentia:Platacanthomyidae)from Huangshan,Anhui,China,based on morphological and molecular *** suggested that Typhlomys is comprised of up to six species,including four currently recognized species(Typhlomys cinereus,***,***,and ***),one unconfirmed candidate species,and one new species(Typhlomys huangshanensis ***.).Morphological analyses further supported the designation of the Huangshan specimens found at mid-elevations in the southern Huangshan Mountains(600 m to 1200 m a.s.l.)as a new species.

关键词： Anhui species. Morphological

Quality control of ultrasonic measurement of carotid artery intima-media thickness

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2009年第4期6卷 222-226页

作者： Ying Yang Feng Zhao Li-Tong Qi bao-wei zhang Feng Chen Sai-Nan Zhu Yong Huo Department of Cardiology Peking University First Hospital Beijing 100034 China Department of Statistics Peking University First Hospital Beijing 100034 China

Background To report quality control methods and baseline reproducibility data of the ultrasound measurements of carotid artery intima-media thickness in the project of Establishment of an Integrated System for Coronary Heart Disease Prevention and Treatment. Methods Standard ultrasound scanning and measuring protocols were established by the study group. All sonographers and readers were trained by the carotid ultrasound core lab and all digital ultrasound images were centrally read. Ten subjects were scanned twice （with 1 week interval） by 2 sonographers independently and images were read by a single reader to evaluate the sonographer variability. Twenty subjects＇ images were read twice （with 1 week interval） by a single reader to assess the reader variability and the reproducibility of IMT measured at different carotid segments. Results The intraclass correlation （ICC） of intra- and inter-sonographer and intra- reader for mean IMT measurements was 0.99, 0.98 and 0.97 respectively; while for max IMT, it was 0.97, 0.99 and 0.95 respectively. Among different carotid segments and sites, ICC for mean 1MT measurements of common carotid （CCA）, carotid artery bulb （Bulb）, internal carotid artery （ICA）, overall near wall and overall far wall was 0.97, 0.99, 0.89, 0.93 and 0.98 respectively. Conclusion The reproducibility of IMT measurements according to our protocol is acceptable, although better reproducibility is found when measuring the mean IMT than max IMT, CCA and Bulb IMT than ICA IMT, and far wall IMT than near wall IMT.

关键词： atherosclerosis carotid arteries ultrasound reproducibility intima-media thickness

Description of a new species of the genus Uropsilus(Eulipotyphla:Talpidae:Uropsilinae)from the Dabie Mountains,Anhui,Eastern China

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Zoological Research 2021年第3期42卷 294-299页

作者： Ting-Li Hu Zhen Xu Heng zhang Ying-Xun Liu Rui Liao Guang-Dao Yang Ruo-Lei Sun Jie Shi Qian Ban Chun-Lin Li Shao-Ying Liu bao-wei zhang School of Life Science Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhui 230601China Sichuan Academy of Forestry ChengduSichuan 610081China Forestry Investigation and Planning Institute of Anhui Province HefeiAnhui 230001China

During a terrestrial vertebrate survey of the Dabie Mountains in Anhui Province,eastern China,we collected four Asian shrew mole specimens(hereafter,shrew moles).Based on published literature and comparison with previously collected materials,the four specimens were similar to shrew moles from the mountains of Southwest China;however,no species in this group has been previously recorded from the Dabie *** genetic and morphological characteristics of the specimens were analyzed,based upon which a new species of shrew mole is described,named Uropsilus dabieshanensis ***.

关键词： Anhui Eastern mountains

A new species of the genus Typhlomys Milne-Edwards,1877(Rodentia:Platacanthomyidae)from Chongqing,China

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Zoological Research 2022年第3期43卷 413-417页

作者： Ying-Ting Pu Tao Wan Rong-Hui Fan Chang-Kun Fu Ke-Yi Tang Xue-Long Jiang bao-wei zhang Ting-Li Hu Shun-De Chen Shao-Ying Liu College of Life Sciences Sichuan Normal UniversityChengduSichuan 610101China Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650204China School of Life Science Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhui 230601China Sichuan Academy of Forestry ChengduSichuan 610081China

DEAR EDITOR,A new species of the genus Typhlomys Milne-Edwards,1877(Rodentia:Platacanthomyidae)is described based on 10 specimens collected from Chongqing in southwestern China using integrated *** analysis showed tha... 详细信息

关键词： Milne Chongqing Phylogenetic

Visible-light-responsive homologous heterostructure of oxynitrides constructed to boost charge separation and water splitting

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 186-191页

作者： Hai Zou Yunfeng bao Xueshang Xin Yu Qi Tengfeng Xie Fuxiang zhang State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Liaoning Normal University College of Chemistry Jilin University

Constructing type II heterostructures represents a widely recognized strategy for enhancing charge separation and photocatalytic efficiency,but it remains challenging to fabricate homologous heterostructures based on visible-light-responsive semiconductors,especially for popularly investigated （oxy）nitrides with low thermal ***,we synthesized a homologous heterostructure （denoted as YTON＿H） based on the oxynitrides of YTaO4-xNyand YTa *** heterostructure exhibits type II band structure alignment and intimate interface achieved through a magnesium （Mg） powder-assisted nitridation *** with widely reported heterologous heterostructures,the as-obtained YTON＿H homologous heterostructure could similarly exhibit enhanced charge separation as well as photocatalytic water splitting performance with respect to its counterparts(YTaO4-xNyand YTaON2).Meanwhile,detailed structural characterizations and spectroscopy analysis have been made to confirm the formation of heterostructure and promotion of spatial charge separation.

关键词： charge separation heterostructure oxynitride photocatalysis visible light

Melting Evaluation of Phase Change Materials Impregnated into Cascaded Metal Foams with Regionalized Enhancement

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 223-241页

作者： wei Xinyi zhang Nan zhang Zhaoli CAO Xiaoling YUAN Yanping School of Mechanical Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University

Metal foam promotes the heat transfer of phase change materials(PCMs) in the penalty of reducing the energy storage density of the composite *** this work,the effects of constant porosity(0.96,0.94,0.92,or 0.90) and pore density(PPI) of metal foam on heat transfer of composite PCMs are *** rate could be enhanced by employing with low porosity copper ***,aiming to the right bottom phase changing "dead region",a regionalized enhancement strategy of cascaded metal foams is *** dynamic melting performances of all the composite PCMs are comprehensively *** results reveal that the cascaded configuration is beneficial for *** show that the horizontal strategy enhances melting performance:a maximum of 17.98% reduction in total melting time could be reached when the rear part porosity is 90%.The energy storage density rate could be raised by 5.48%.Besides,the vertical strategy performs with a better average temperature uniformity of 0.441 and brings a lower temperature in the heated *** sum up,the regionalized enhancement of copper foam provides better performance in the phase change *** shows significant potential for solar heat storage and thermal protection.

关键词： copper metal foam heat transfer enhancement phase change materials regionalized enhancement

Aerodynamic Optimization and Flow Mechanism for a Compressor Cascade at Low Reynolds Number

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 92-109页

作者： LI Lin zhang Jianshe CHEN Caiyan TAN wei zhang Yanfeng Key Laboratory of Light-Duty Gas-Turbine Institute of Engineering ThermophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Light-duty Gas-turbine

Low-Reynolds-number effect is an important factor affecting the performance of compressors and other main components of high-altitude long-endurance unmanned aerial *** improve the flow condition and reduce flow loss under the condition of high altitude and low Reynolds number(Re),this paper proposes an optimization process based on a surrogate model,which combines the class-shape transformation method(CST),the Latin hypercube sampling(LHS) method,the light gradient-boosting machine algorithm(LightGBM),and a genetic algorithm(GA) to optimize a high-subsonic compressor *** surrogate model is verified to be accurate and can be used in the optimization *** accuracy of the GA is higher than the other algorithms under common test *** optimization results are verified by numerical simulation,and the flow differences before and after optimization are compared,especially the flow within the boundary *** changing the blade shape,the optimization process adjusts the loading distribution to delay the transition of the optimized blade on the suction surface,which changes the turbulent reattachment in the laminar separation bubble(LSB) into laminar ***,the mixing loss induced by the turbulent reattachment of the LSB and the wake loss of turbulent separation at the trailing edge are significantly reduced,and the performance of the compressor profile is finally *** addition,turbulent separation of the optimized profile is delayed reducing the range of the wake region on the suction *** this optimization process,the reduction of total pressure loss coefficient at Re of 2.5×10～5,3.5×10～5,and 4.5×10～5 are 16.32%,20.76%,and 22.16%,respectively.

关键词： Reynolds number