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Learning layout generation for virtual worlds

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第3期10卷 577-592页

作者： Weihao cheng Ying shan ARC Lab TencentShenzhen 518057China

The emergence of the metaverse has ledto the rapidly increasing demand for the generation ofextensive 3D worlds. We consider that an engagingworld is built upon a rational layout of multiple landuse areas (e.g., forest, meadow, and farmland). Tothis end, we propose a generative model of landuse distribution that learns from geographic *** model is based on a transformer architecturethat generates a 2D map of the land-use layout,which can be conditioned on spatial and semanticcontrols, depending on whether either one or bothare provided. This model enables diverse layoutgeneration with user control and layout expansion byextending borders with partial inputs. To generatehigh-quality and satisfactory layouts, we devise ageometric objective function that supervises the modelto perceive layout shapes and regularize generationsusing geometric priors. Additionally, we devise aplanning objective function that supervises the modelto perceive progressive composition demands andsuppress generations deviating from controls. Toevaluate the spatial distribution of the generations, wetrain an autoencoder to embed land-use layouts intovectors to enable comparison between the real andgenerated data using the Wasserstein metric, which isinspired by the Fr´echet inception distance.

关键词： layout generation virtual worlds Transformer land-use

Distribution Characterization of Leaf and Hull Pubescences and Genetic Analysis of Their Numbers in japonica Rice (Oryza sativa)

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Rice science 2008年第4期15卷 267-275页

作者： Xiao-biao ZHU Da-yun SUN bao-shan cheng De-lin HONG State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China

Distributions of pubescences on leaf blade and hull in japonica rice were observed under an optical microscope. Numbers of leaf and hull pubescences in P1, P2, F1, B1, B2 and F2 generations were investigated in three combinations of japonica rice (Sidao 10A/Wuyujing 3R, Wuyujing 3A/Sidao 10R and Liuyan 189A/HR-122), and genetic analysis for these two traits were conducted by using the joint analysis method of P1, P2, F1, B1, B2 and F2 generations with the mixed major gene plus polygene inheritance models. Leaf pubescences characterized by swollen base and fine tip distributed regularly on the boundary between dark green stripe and light green stripe of leaf blade. Hull pubescences with various lengths distributed irregularly on the whole hull. Numbers of leaf pubescences in the reciprocal combinations of Sidao 10A/Wuyujing 3R and Wuyujing 3A/Sidao 10R and numbers of hull pubescences in all the three combinations were controlled by one pair of additive major genes plus additive-dominant polygenes. In the combination of Liuyan 189A/HR-122, number of leaf pubescences was controlled by one pair of additive-dominant major genes plus additive-dominant polygenes. Both numbers of leaf and hull pubescences were mainly governed by major genes.

关键词： genetics japonica rice leaf pubescence hull pubescence distribution characterization genetic analysis

Ternary superhydrides for high-temperature superconductivity at low pressures

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 12-14页

作者： Pengfei shan Liang Ma Jinguang cheng Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Ministry of Education School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou University

The quest for room-temperature superconductivity(RTSC) has been a longstanding pursuit in physics since the discovery of superconductivity in *** to the conventional Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory, atomic metallic hydrogen holds great promise for achieving this goal due to its high Debye temperature and strong electron-phonon coupling.

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Design and performance evaluation of a large field-of-view dual-particle time-encoded imager based on a depth-of-interaction detector

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 1-14页

作者： Dong Zhao Xu-Wen Liang Ping-Kun Cai Wei cheng Wen-bao Jia Da-Qian Hei Qing shan Yong-Sheng Ling Chao Shi Department of Nuclear Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Suzhou 215000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Time-encoded imaging is useful for identifying potential special nuclear materials and other radioactive sources at a *** this study,a large field-of-view time-encoded imager was developed for gamma-ray and neutron source hotspot imaging based on a depth-of-interaction(DOI)*** imager primarily consists of a DOI detector system and a rotary dual-layer cylindrical coded *** EJ276 plastic scintillator coupled with two SiPMs was designed as the DOI detector to increase the field of view and improve the imager *** difference in signal time at both ends and the log of the signal amplitude ratio were used to calculate the interaction position *** position resolution of the DOI detector was calibrated using a collimated Cs-137 source,and the full width at half maximum of the reconstruction position of the Gaussian fitting curve was approximately 4.4 *** DOI detector can be arbitrarily divided into several units to independently reconstruct the source distribution *** unit length was optimized via Am-Be source-location experiments.A multidetector filtering method is proposed for image *** method can effectively reduce image noise caused by poor DOI detector position *** vertical field of view of the imager was(-55°,55°)when the detector was placed in the center of the coded mask.A DT neutron source at 20 m standoff could be located within 2400 s with an angular resolution of 3.5°.

关键词： Time-encoded imager Depth-of-interaction detector Dual-particle imaging Hotspot imaging

Facet effects on bimetallic ZnSn hydroxide microcrystals for selective electrochemical CO2 reduction

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第8期9卷 1314-1320页

作者： Liu Han cheng-wei Wang shan-shan Luo Ying-tang Zhou Bing Li Ming Liu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture Marine Science and Technology CollegeZhejiang Ocean University

Employing crystal facets to regulate the catalytic properties in electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction（eCO2RR） has been well demonstrated on electrocatalysts containing single metals but rarely explored for bimetallic systems. Here, we synthesize Zn Sn（OH）6（ZSO）microcrystals（MCs） with distinct facets and investigate the facet effects in eCO2RR. Electrochemical studies and in situ Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy（in situ-FTIR） reveal that ZSO MCs produce mainly C1 products of HCOOH and CO. The {111} facet of the ZSO MCS exhibits higher selectivity and faradaic efficiency（FE） than that of the {100} facet over a wide range of potentials（-0.9 V ～-1.3 V versus RHE）. Density Functional Theory（DFT） calculations elucidate that the {111} facet is favorable to the adsorption/activation of CO2molecules,the formation of intermediate in the rate-determining step, and the desorption of C1 products of CO and HCOOH molecules.

关键词： ZnSn(OH) 6 Crystal facets Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction C1 product Density functional theory

Cryptic diversity and rampant hybridization in annual gentians on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau revealed by population genomic analysis

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 194-205页

作者： Peng-cheng Fu Qiao-Qiao Guo Di Chang Qing-Bo Gao shan-shan Sun School of Life Science Luoyang Normal UniversityLuoyang 471934PR China Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXining 810001PR China

Understanding the evolutionary and ecological processes involved in population differentiation and speciation provides critical insights into biodiversity formation. In this study, we employed 29,865 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) and complete plastomes to examine genomic divergence and hybridization in Gentiana aristata, which is endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) region. Genetic clustering revealed that G. aristata is characterized by geographic genetic structures with five clusters(West, East, Central, South and North). The West cluster has a specific morphological character(i.e., blue corolla) and higher values of FSTcompared to the remaining clusters, likely the result of the geological barrier formed by the Yangtze River. The West cluster diverged from the other clusters in the Early Pliocene;these remaining clusters diverged from one another in the Early Quaternary. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on SNPs and plastid data revealed substantial cyto-nuclear conflicts. Genetic clustering and D-statistics demonstrated rampant hybridization between the Central and North clusters,along the Bayankala Mountains, which form the geological barrier between the Central and North clusters. Species distribution modeling demonstrated the range of G. aristata expanded since the Last Interglacial period. Our findings provide genetic and morphological evidence of cryptic diversity in G. aristata, and identified rampant hybridization between genetic clusters along a geological *** findings suggest that geological barriers and climatic fluctuations have an important role in triggering diversification as well as hybridization, indicating that cryptic diversity and hybridization are essential factors in biodiversity formation within the QTP region.

关键词： Gentiana aristata Hybrid zone Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Plastome Nuclear SNPs

Diagnostic Efficacy and Possible Underlying Mechanisms of Noninvasive Clinical Markers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第4期11卷 889-898页

作者： Chao-Xu Fu Jun Li Zheng-Da Chen Yan-Ping Cao Hong-Ling Zhang Hong-Ting Sui bao-cheng shan Lei Xu Yang Zhou Min Zhou En-Yue Yang Hong-Xin Piao Department of Internal Medicine Yanbian UniversityYanjiJilinChina Meritco Services ShanghaiChina Jilin Cancer Hospital ChangchunJilinChina Xiamen University Medical Center/Xiang’an Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University XiamenFujianChina Department of Critical Care Medicine Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversityQuanzhouFujianChina The First Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihaer Medical University HeilongjiangChina Beidahuang Group Beian Hospital HeiheHeilongjiangChina Office of Clinical Trials Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian UniversityYanjiJilinChina

Background and Aims:In this study,we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic values of alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),soluble AXL(sAXL),des-γ-carboxy prothrombin(DCP),the aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index(APRI),and the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-to-platelet ratio(GPR)in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and the possible underlying mechanisms of the correlations between ***:We collected serum samples from 190,128,and 75 patients with HCC,cirrhosis,and chronic viral hepatitis,and from 82 healthy *** levels of AFP,sAXL,and DCP were determined,and APRI and GPR values were *** operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to analyze the diagnostic value of single and combined ***:We detected significant differences between the HCC group and other groups regarding serum AFP,sAXL,DCP,and APRI *** significantly differed between the HCC group and other groups,except for the liver cirrhosis ***,sAXL,DCP,APRI,and GPR had positive correlations with each other,and AFP showed a higher area under the curve(AUC)and Youden index values,while APRI and DCP showed the highest sensitivity and ***,when AFP was combined with sAXL,DCP,APRI,and GRP,the highest AUC(0.911)and a higher net reclassification improvement value were obtained compared with those obtained for the individual ***:AFP,sAXL,DCP,APRI,and GPR are independent risk factors for HCC,and the diagnostic performance of AFP combined with sAXL,DCP,APRI,and GPR for HCC diagnosis was superior to that of the individual biomarkers.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma HCC-specific biomarkers Alpha-fetoprotein Chronic viral hepatitis Cirrhosis

Upregulated lncRNA PRNT promotes progression and oxaliplatin resistance of colorectal cancer cells by regulating HIPK2 transcription

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1564-1577页

作者： Sai-Nan Li shan Yang Hao-Qi Wang Tian-Li Hui Meng cheng Xi Zhang bao-Kun Li Gui-Ying Wang The First Department of Surgery The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050011Hebei ProvinceChina The Second Department of Surgery The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050011Hebei ProvinceChina Department of General Surgery The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050000Hebei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common cancer and a significant cause of cancer-related mortality *** to chemotherapy,especially during CRC treatment,leads to reduced effectiveness of drugs and poor patient *** noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)have been implicated in various pathophysiological processes of tumor cells,including chemotherapy resistance,yet the roles of many lncRNAs in CRC remain *** To identify and analyze the lncRNAs involved in oxaliplatin resistance in CRC and to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms influencing this *** Gene Expression Omnibus datasets GSE42387 and GSE30011 were reanalyzed to identify lncRNAs and mRNAs associated with oxaliplatin *** bioinformatics tools were employed to elucidate molecular *** expression levels of lncRNAs and mRNAs were assessed via quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain *** assays,including MTT,wound healing,and Transwell,were conducted to investigate the functional implications of lncRNA *** between lncRNAs and trans-cription factors were examined using RIP and luciferase reporter assays,while Western blotting was used to confirm downstream ***,a xenograft mouse model was utilized to study the in vivo effects of lncRNAs on chemotherapy *** LncRNA prion protein testis specific(PRNT)was found to be upregulated in oxaliplatin-resistant CRC cell lines and negatively correlated with homeodomain interacting protein kinase 2(HIPK2)*** was demonstrated to sponge transcription factor zinc finger protein 184(ZNF184),which in turn could regulate HIPK2 *** expression of PRNT influenced CRC cell sensitivity to oxaliplatin,with overexpression leading to decreased sensitivity and decreased expression reducing *** RIP and luciferase reporter assays indicated that ZNF184 and HIPK2 are targets of *** PRNT/ZNF184

关键词： Colorectal cancer Oxaliplatin resistance Prion protein testis specific Zinc finger protein 184 Homeodomain interacting protein kinase 2

CO2-facilitated upcycling of polyolefin plastics to aromatics at low temperature

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National Science Review 2024年第05期11卷 236-243页

作者： Yi Ding Shuchi Zhang cheng Liu Yu Shao Xiulian Pan Xinhe bao State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of China

Plastics are one of the most produced synthetic materials and largest commodities, used in numerous sectors of human life. To upcycle waste plastics into value-added chemicals is a global challenge. Despite significant progress in pyrolysis and hydrocracking, which mainly leads to the formation of pyrolysis oil,catalytic upcycling to value-added aromatics, including benzene, toluene and xylene（BTX）, in one step, is still limited by high reaction temperatures（>500°C） and a low yield. We report herein CO2-facilitated upcycling of polyolefins and their plastic products to aromatics below 300°C, enabled by a bifunctional Pt/Mn Ox-ZSM-5 catalyst. ZSM-5 catalyzes cracking of polyolefins and aromatization, generating hydrogen at the same time, while Pt/Mn Ox catalyzes the reaction of hydrogen with CO2, consequently driving the reaction towards aromatization. Isotope experiments reveal that 0.2 kg CO2is consumed per 1.0 kg polyethylene and 90% of the consumed CO2is incorporated into the aromatic products. Furthermore, this new process yields 0.63 kg aromatics（BTX accounting for 60%）, comparing favorably with the conventional pyrolysis or hydrocracking processes, which produce only 0.33 kg aromatics. In this way, both plastic waste and the greenhouse gas CO2are turned into carbon resources, providing a new strategy for combined waste plastics upcycling and carbon dioxide utilization.

关键词： polyolefins carbon dioxide aromatics upcycling bifunctional catalysis