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Preliminary screening and identification of stem cell-like sphere clones in a gallbladder cancer cell line GBC-SD

Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2011年第4期12卷 256-263页

作者： bao-bing yin shuang-jie wu hua-jie zong bao-jin ma duan cai Department of General Surgery Huashan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai 200040 China

This paper aims to screen and identify sphere clone cells with characteristics similar to cancer stem cells in human gallbladder cancer cell line ***-SD cells were cultured in a serum-free culture medium with different concentrations of the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin for generating sphere *** mRNA expressions of stem cell-related genes CD133,OCT-4,Nanog,and drug resistance genes ABCG2 and MDR-1 in sphere clones were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Stem cell markers were also analyzed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescent *** amounts of sphere clones were injected into nude mice to test their abilities to form *** clones were formed in serum-free culture medium containing cisplatin (30 μmol/L).Flow cytometry results demonstrated that the sphere clones expressed high levels of stem cell markers CD133+ (97.6%) and CD44+ (77.9%) and low levels of CD24+ (2.3%).These clones also overexpressed the drug resistance genes ABCG2 and *** real-time PCR showed that sphere clones expressed stem cell genes Nanog and OCT-4 284 and 266 times,respectively,more than those in the original GBC-SD *** staining showed that sphere clones overexpressed OCT-4,Nanog,and SOX-2,and low expressed MUC1 and *** formation experiments showed that 1×103 sphere clone cells could induce much larger tumors in nude mice than 1×105 GBC-SD *** conclusion,sphere clones of gallbladder cancer with stem cell-like characteristics can be obtained using suspension cultures of GBC-SD cells in serum-free culture medium containing cisplatin.

关键词： Gallbladder cancer Stem cell gene Sphere clone Suspension culture

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Preliminary screening and identification of stem cell-like sphere clones in a gallbladder cancer cell line GBC-SD

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2012年第11期13卷 903-903页

作者： bao-bing yin, shuang-jie wu, hua-jie zong, bao-jin ma, duan cai

This paper aims to screen and identify sphere clone cells with characteristics similar to cancer stem cells in human gallbladder cancer cell line GBC-SD. GBC-SD cells were cultured in a serum-free culture medium with different concentrations of the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin for generating sphere clones. The mRNA expressions of stem cell-related genes CD133, OCT-4, Nanog, and drug resistance genes ABCG2 and MDR-1 in sphere clones were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Stem cell markers were also analyzed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescent staining. Different amounts of sphere clones were injected into nude mice to test their abilities to form tumors. Sphere clones were formed in se-rum-free culture medium containing cisplatin (30 μmol/L). Flow cytometry results demonstrated that the sphere clones expressed high levels of stem cell markers CD133 + (97.6%) and CD44 + (77.9%) and low levels of CD24 + (2.3%). These clones also overexpressed the drug resistance genes ABCG2 and MDR-1. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that sphere clones expressed stem cell genes Nanog and OCT-4 284 and 266 times, respectively, more than those in the original GBC-SD cells. Immunofluorescent staining showed that sphere clones overexpressed OCT-4, Nanog, and SOX-2, and low expressed MUC1 and vimentin. Tumor formation experiments showed that 1×10 3 sphere clone cells could induce much larger tumors in nude mice than 1×10 5 GBC-SD cells. In conclusion, sphere clones of gallbladder cancer with stem cell-like characteristics can be obtained using suspension cultures of GBC-SD cells in serum-free culture medium containing cisplatin.

关键词：克隆细胞干细胞癌症胆囊鉴定筛选实时定量PCR 细胞株

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Preliminary screening and identification of stem cell-like sphere clones in a gallbladder cancer cell line GBC-SD

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2013年第1期14卷 24-24页

作者： bao-bing yin shuang-jie wu hua-jie zong bao-jin ma duan cai

This paper aims to screen and identify sphere clone cells with characteristics similar to cancer stem cells in human gallbladder cancer cell line GBC-SD. GBC-SD cells were cultured in a serum-free culture medium with different concentrations of the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin for generating sphere clones. The mRNA expressions of stem cell-related genes CD133, OCT-4, Nanog, and drug resistance genes ABCG2 and MDR-I in sphere clones were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. Stem cell markers were also analyzed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescent staining. Different amounts of sphere clones were injected into nude mice to test their abilities to form tumors. Sphere clones were formed in se- rum-free culture medium containing cisplatin （30 μmol/L）. Flow cytometry results demonstrated that the sphere clones expressed high levels of stem cell markers CD133＋（97.6%） and CD44＋（77.9%） and low levels of CD24＋（2.3%）. These clones also overexpressed the drug resistance genes ABCG2 and MDR-1. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that sphere clones expressed stem cell genes Nanog and OCT-4 284 and 266 times, respectively, more than those in the original GBC-SD cells. Immunofluorescent staining showed that sphere clones overexpressed OCT-4, Nanog, and SOX-2, and low expressed MUC1 and vimentin. Tumor formation experiments showed that 1 × 103 sphere clone cells could induce much larger tumors in nude mice than 1 × 105 GBC-SD cells. In conclusion, sphere clones of gallbladder cancer with stem cell-like characteristics can be obtained using suspension cultures of GBC-SD cells in serum-free culture medium containing cisplatin.

关键词：克隆细胞干细胞癌症胆囊鉴定筛选实时定量PCR 细胞株

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胆囊癌细胞株GBC-SD类肿瘤干细胞筛选的研究

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中华实验外科杂志 2010年第7期27卷 857-859页

作者：殷保兵宗华杰马保金蔡端复旦大学附属华山医院普外科上海200040

目的筛选胆囊癌GBC-SD系中具有干细胞特性的细胞克隆.方法在肿瘤干细胞培养基加入不同剂量的顺铂悬浮培养GBC-SD,将悬浮细胞收集后注射裸鼠,并持续瘤内注射顺铂,成瘤后取瘤内细胞继续原培养基培养,获得悬浮生长的克隆,分别测定其干细... 详细信息

目的筛选胆囊癌GBC-SD系中具有干细胞特性的细胞克隆.方法在肿瘤干细胞培养基加入不同剂量的顺铂悬浮培养GBC-SD,将悬浮细胞收集后注射裸鼠,并持续瘤内注射顺铂,成瘤后取瘤内细胞继续原培养基培养,获得悬浮生长的克隆,分别测定其干细胞标志物（CD133、CD44、CD24）、耐药基因ABCG2细胞株MDR-1和转录因子OCT-4、Nanog的表达.结果在肿瘤干细胞培养基和顺铂的筛选压力下,GBC-SD细胞能有效形成悬浮生长的克隆球,流式检测结果表明克隆球高表达CD133＋（97.6%）、CD44＋（77.9%）,低表达CD24＋（2.3%）,同时表达耐药基因ABCG2和MDR-1,定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）及免疫荧光方法检测发现,与普通胆囊癌细胞株GBC-SD比较,克隆球干细胞基因OCT-4、Nanog表达分别增强266、284倍.结论顺铂结合无血清培养基悬浮培养法筛选GBC-SD,作为一种新的干细胞分选方法,可以分离出具有肿瘤千细胞特征的胆囊癌克隆球.

关键词： GBC-SD 肿瘤干细胞耐药悬浮培养

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人重组TRAIL对胆囊癌细胞生长的影响

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复旦学报（医学版） 2008年第2期35卷 240-243页

作者：宗华杰殷保兵陈进宏马保金蔡端何祥火复旦大学附属华山医院普外科上海201040 上海交通大学肿瘤研究所上海200032

目的探讨人重组肿瘤坏死因子相关的凋亡诱导配体(recombinant human tumor necrosis factor relat-ed apoptosis inducing ligand,rhTRAIL)对胆囊癌细胞株SGC-996的作用。方法用Western-blot法检测胆囊癌细胞株中TRAIL死亡受体DR4、DR5和Fas相关死亡结构域(fas-associated death domain,FADD)的表达状况,生长曲线、相差显微镜和流式细胞仪观测rhTRAIL作用于胆囊癌细胞株后的细胞生长状况。结果胆囊癌细胞株SGC-996中,有死亡受体DR4、DR5和Fas相关死亡结构域(FADD)的表达,rhTRAIL作用胆囊癌细胞后,细胞生长受到抑制,作用前后细胞Casepase-3/7活性明显升高,流式细胞仪检测表明rhTRAIL治疗组和对照组细胞的凋亡差异明显(P<0.05)。结论rhTRAIL在体外对胆囊癌细胞株SGC-996有明显抑制作用,可能成为治疗胆囊癌的新途径。

关键词：肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体死亡受体胆囊癌细胞凋亡

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人重组TNF相关凋亡诱导配体联合塞来昔布诱导胆囊癌细胞凋亡的作用研究

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中华肝胆外科杂志 2011年第8期17卷 664-668页

作者：宗华杰殷保兵陈进宏马保金蔡端复旦大学附属华山医院普外科上海200040

目的于体外实验观察人重组肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体（rhTRAIL）联合环氧化酶-2选择性抑制剂塞来昔布对胆囊癌的疗效，初步探讨产生疗效的机制。方法用Western-blot法检测塞来昔布作用于胆囊癌细胞株后，抗凋亡蛋白c-FLIP和死亡受... 详细信息

目的于体外实验观察人重组肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体（rhTRAIL）联合环氧化酶-2选择性抑制剂塞来昔布对胆囊癌的疗效，初步探讨产生疗效的机制。方法用Western-blot法检测塞来昔布作用于胆囊癌细胞株后，抗凋亡蛋白c-FLIP和死亡受体DR4、DR5表达状况。rhTRAIL联合塞来昔布作用于胆囊癌细胞株SGC-996后，采用3种方法检测细胞凋亡状况：（1）细胞的相差显微镜观察；（2）caspase 3、7活性检测；（3）Annexin染色后凋亡细胞流式细胞仪检测。结果塞来昔布可下调 SGC-996细胞c-FLIPs的表达，上调DR5的表达，且呈浓度、时间依赖性。rhTRAIL联合塞来昔布作用于胆囊癌细胞后，细胞凋亡水平明显高于单独用药组和对照组。结论塞来昔布可通过下调c-FLIPs表达和上调DR5表达，显著增强rhTRAIL诱导胆囊癌SGC-996细胞凋亡的作用。

关键词：肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体塞来昔布胆囊癌凋亡

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Efficacy and safety of Shenyankangfu Tablet,a Chinese patent medicine,for primary glomerulonephritis:A multicenter randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第2期19卷 111-119页

作者： jie wu Shu-wei duan Hong-tao Yang Yue-yi Deng Wei Li Ya-ni He Zhao-hui Ni Yong-li Zhan Shan Lin Zhi-yong Guo Jun Zhu jing-ai Fang Xu-sheng Liu Li-hua Wang Rong Wang Nian-song Wang Xiao-hong Cheng Li-qun He Ping Luo Shi-ren Sun Ji-feng Sun Ai-ping yin Geng-ru Jiang Hong-yu Chen Wen-hu Liu Hong-li Lin Meng Liang Lu ma Ming Chen Li-qun Song Jian Chen Qing Zhu Chang-ying Xing Yun Li Ji-ning Gao Rong-shan Li ying Li Hao Zhang ying Lu Qiao-ling Zhou Jun-zhou Fu Qiang He Guang-yan cai Xiang-mei Chen Department of Nephrology Chinese People’s Liberation Army General HospitalChinese People’s Liberation Army Institute of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases(2011DAV00088)National Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesBeijing 100853China Department of Nephrology First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300192China Department of Nephrology Longhua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200032China Department of Nephrology Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated HospitalJinan 250011.Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology Daping HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing 400042China Department of Nephrology Renji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200127China Department of Nephrology Guang’anmen HospitalChina Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100053China Department of Nephrology Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin 300052China Department of Nephrology Changhai Hospital of ShanghaiNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Nephrology West China HospitalChengdu 610083Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030001Shanxi ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510120Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated HospitalTaiyuan 030001Shanxi ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology Shandong Provincial HospitalJinan 250021Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology Affiliated Sixth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200233China Department of Nephrology Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalXi'an 710003Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology Shuguang HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200021China Department of Nephrology Jilin University Se

Background:Shenyankangfu Tablet(SYKFT)is a Chinese patent medicine that has been used widely to decrease proteinuria and the progression of chronic kidney ***:This trial compared the efficacy and safety of SYKFT,for the control of proteinuria in primary glomerulonephritis patients,against the standard drug,losartan ***,setting,participants and intervention:This was a multicenter,double-blind,randomized,controlled clinical *** glomerulonephritis patients,aged 18-70 years,with blood pressure≤140/90 mmHg,estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)>45 mL/min per 1.73 ㎡,and 24-hour proteinuria level of 0.5-3.0 g,were recruited in 41 hospitals across 19 provinces in China and were randomly divided into five groups:SYKFT,losartan potassium 50 mg or 100 mg,SYKFT plus losartan potassium 50 mg or 100 *** outcome measu res:The primary outcome was change in the 24-hour proteinuria level,after 48 weeks of ***:A total of 735 participants were *** percent decline of urine protein quantification in the SYKFT group after 48 weeks was 8.78%±2.56%(P=0.006)more than that in the losartan 50 mg group,which was 0.51%±2.54%(P=1.000)less than that in the losartan 100 mg *** with the losartan potassium 50 mg group,the SYKFT plus losartan potassium 50 mg group had a 13.39%±2.49%(P<0.001)greater reduction in urine protein *** with the losartan potassium 100 mg group,the SYKFT plus losartan potassium 100 mg group had a 9.77%±2.52%(P=0.001)greater reduction in urine *** a superiority threshold of 15%,neither was statistically ***,serum creatinine and serum albumin from the baseline did not change statistically *** average change in TCM syndrome score between the patients who took SYKFT(-3.00[-6.00,-2.00])and who did not take SYKFT(-2.00[-5.00,0])was statistically significant(P=0.003).No obvious adverse reactions were observed in any ***:SYKFT decreased the proteinur

关键词： Herbal medicine,Chinese Shenyankangfu Tablet Primary glomerulonephritis Randomized controlled trial Double blind Double dummy

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Prediction of energy resolution in the JUNO experiment

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Chinese Physics C 2025年第1期49卷 35-59页

作者： Angel Abusleme Thomas Adam Kai Adamowicz Shakeel Ahmad Rizwan Ahmed Sebastiano Aiello Fengpeng An Qi An Giuseppe Andronico Nikolay Anfimov Vito Antonelli Tatiana Antoshkina Joao Pedro Athayde marcondes de André Didier Auguste Weidong Bai Nikita Balashov Wander Baldini Andrea Barresi Davide Basilico Eric Baussan marco Bellato marco Beretta Antonio Bergnoli Daniel Bick Lukas Bieger Svetlana Biktemerova Thilo Birkenfeld Iwan Blake David Blum Simon Blyth Anastasia Bolshakova mathieu Bongrand Clément Bordereau Dominique Breton Augusto Brigatti Riccardo Brugnera Riccardo Bruno Antonio Budano Jose Busto Anatael Cabrera Barbara Caccianiga Hao cai Xiao cai Yanke cai Zhiyan cai Stéphane Callier Steven Calvez Antonio Cammi Agustin Campeny Chuanya Cao Guofu Cao Jun Cao Rossella Caruso Cédric Cerna Vanessa Cerrone jinfan Chang Yun Chang Auttakit Chatrabhuti Chao Chen Guoming Chen Pingping Chen Shaomin Chen Xin Chen Yiming Chen Yixue Chen Yu Chen Zelin Chen Zhangming Chen Zhiyuan Chen Zikang Chen jie Cheng Yaping Cheng YuChin Cheng Alexander Chepurnov Alexey Chetverikov Davide Chiesa Pietro Chimenti Yen-Ting Chin Po-Lin Chou Ziliang Chu Artem Chukanov Gérard Claverie Catia Clementi Barbara Clerbaux marta Colomer Molla Selma Conforti Di Lorenzo Alberto Coppi Daniele Corti Simon Csakli Chenyang Cui Flavio Dal Corso Olivia Dalager Jaydeep Datta Christophe De La Taille Zhi Deng Ziyan Deng Xiaoyu Ding Xuefeng Ding Yayun Ding Bayu Dirgantara Carsten Dittrich Sergey Dmitrievsky Tadeas Dohnal Dmitry Dolzhikov Georgy Donchenko Jianmeng Dong Evgeny Doroshkevich Wei Dou marcos Dracos Frédéric Druillole Ran Du Shuxian Du Katherine Dugas Stefano Dusini Hongyue Duyang Jessica Eck Timo Enqvist Andrea Fabbri Ulrike Fahrendholz Lei Fan Jian Fang Wenxing Fang Dmitry Fedoseev Li-Cheng Feng Qichun Feng Federico Ferraro Amélie Fournier Fritsch Fritsch Haonan Gan Feng Gao Feng Gao Alberto Garfagnini Arsenii Gavrikov marco Giammarchi Nunzio Giudice maxim Gonchar Guanghua Gong Hui Gong Yuri Gornushkin marco Grassi maxim Gromov Vasily Gromov Minghao G Yerevan Physics Institute YerevanArmenia Université Libre de Bruxelles BrusselsBelgium Universidade Estadual de Londrina LondrinaBrazil Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro Rio de JaneiroBrazil Millennium Institute for SubAtomic Physics at the High-energy Frontier(SAPHIR) ANIDChile Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile SantiagoChile Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering BeijingChina Beijing Normal University BeijingChina China Institute of Atomic Energy BeijingChina Institute of High Energy Physics BeijingChina North China Electric Power University BeijingChina School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijingChina Tsinghua University BeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Jilin University ChangchunChina College of Electronic Science and Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangshaChina Chongqing University ChongqingChina Dongguan University of Technology DongguanChina jinan University GuangzhouChina Sun Yat-sen University GuangzhouChina Harbin Institute of Technology HarbinChina University of Science and Technology of China HefeiChina The Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry Group in University of South China HengyangChina wuyi University JiangmenChina Shandong University JinanChinaand Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation of Ministry of EducationShandong UniversityQingdaoChina Nanjing University NanjingChina Guangxi University NanningChina East China University of Science and Technology ShanghaiChina School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesShijiazhuangChina Nankai University TianjinChina wuhan University WuhanChina Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'anChina Xiamen University XiamenChina School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Institute of Physics National

This paper presents an energy resolution study of the JUNO experiment,incorporating the latest knowledge acquired during the detector construction *** determination of neutrino mass ordering in JUNO requires an exceptional energy resolution better than 3% at 1 *** achieve this ambitious goal,significant efforts have been undertaken in the design and production of the key components of the JUNO *** factors affecting the detection of inverse beta decay signals have an impact on the energy resolution,extending beyond the statistical fluctuations of the detected number of photons,such as the properties of the liquid scintillator,performance of photomultiplier tubes,and the energy reconstruction *** account for these effects,a full JUNO simulation and reconstruction approach is *** enables the modeling of all relevant effects and the evaluation of associated inputs to accurately estimate the energy *** results of this study reveal an energy resolution of 2.95% at 1 ***,this study assesses the contribution of major effects to the overall energy resolution *** analysis serves as a reference for interpreting future measurements of energy resolution during JUNO data ***,it provides a guideline for comprehending the energy resolution characteristics of liquid scintillator-based detectors.

关键词： energy resolution liquid scintillator detector JUNO simulation reconstruction

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上海市几条黑臭河道治理效果的比较与分析

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水生生物学报 2009年第2期33卷 355-359页

作者：王英才刘永定郝宗杰张兰沈银武李根保李敦海陈德辉马庆杨洪芳中国科学院水生生物研究所武汉430072 中国科学院研究生院北京100039 上海师范大学上海200234

摘要: 随着上海市经济的突飞猛进和城市化的日新月异,随之而来的城市水污染问题也愈演愈烈。据上海市2003年水资源公报反映:全市16条主要骨干河道中, Ⅱ、Ⅲ类水断面占13.11%, Ⅳ类水断面占28.17%, Ⅴ类和劣于Ⅴ类水断面占58.12%1。

关键词：黑臭河道治理效果治理方法

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Consensus statement on layout and delivery of automatic external defibrillator in China

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Journal of Hainan Medical University 2020年第15期26卷 18-23页

作者： Yu Cao Song Chen Yan-Fen Chai Xiao-Hui Chen Yu-Guo Chen Shao-Wen Cheng Wen-Wei Cheng Bang-Han Ding Yang Deng jie Fu Bang-Jiang Fang mai-ying Fan Li Gui Ping Gong Wei Guo Shu-Bin Guo Liang huang Ji-Yuan Han Zhong Ji Xian-Fei Ji Xin-cai Ji Hong-Xu jin Xin-Jun Jiang Wang-Xiang Jiang Jia-Liang Liu Xiao-Ran Liu Zhi Liu Chuan-Zhu Lv Feng Lu Tan-Shi Li Xin Li Yong Li Shang-Lun Li shuang-Ming Li Xiao-Gang Li bao-Jun Li Pei-wu Li Chun-Sheng Li Zhi-Jun Li Chang-Luo Li Xiang-Min Li yin-Ping Li zong-Jun Lu Zu-Xun Lu Zhong-Qiu Lu Zhi-Qian Luo Xiao-Xing Liao Jian-Bo Lei Tao ma Yu ma Yue-Feng ma Qing-Bian ma Lin-Hao ma Jun-Qi ma Shi-Nan Nie jie-Miao Ou-Yang Peng Peng Qiao Pei Shu-Ming Pan Guo-Zhong Qing Li-jie Qin wu-ying Qiao Fei Shao Wei Song Xing-Yue Song Zhen-Ju Song Rong-Ju Sun De-Ya Shang Du-Juan Sha Gui-Lan Tao Guo-Gang Tian ying-Ping Tian Jian-Guang Tian Chao-Yang Tong Zi-Ren Tang Meng-Xiong Tang Guo-Ping wu Zhi Wan Tao Wang Xin Wang Peng Wang Zhong Wang Tong Wang Ri-Xing Wang Yi-Xin Wang Xiao-Dan Wang Ling wu Wei Wei hua Xiang Feng Xu Jun Xu jie Xu Miao-Rong Xie Shuo-Gui Xu Tie Xu Feng Yu Wen Yi Li-Shan Yang Shi-Jiao Yan jin-Jian Yao Shou-Chun Yan Xue-Zhong Yu Xian-Zhi Ye Xian-Liang Yan Fu-bing Zhou Rong-Bin Zhou Ming Zhou Qiang Zhou jin Zhou Ping Zhou Chang-Ju Zhu hua-Dong Zhu Ji-Hong Zhu Hong Zhang mao Zhang hua Zhang Na Zhang Guo-Qiang Zhang Guo-Xiu Zhang jin-Song Zhang Wen-wu Zhang Wen-Zhong Zhang Jian-Feng Zhang Yi-Min Zhu Jun Zeng Yuan Zheng Zhi-jie Zheng Shen Zhao Yan Zhao Min Zhao Bin Zhao Xiao-Dong Zhao Xiao-jing Zhao Hong-Ke Zeng Sheng-Qiang Zou The Chinese Society of Emergency Medicine Research Unit of Island Emergency Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesHainan Medical University Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouHainanChina Emergency and Trauma College Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouHainanChina Department of Emergency Hainan Clinical Research Center for Acute and Critical DiseasesThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouHainanChina Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue Key Laboratory of Trauma of Hainan Medical University

*** Sudden cardiac death(SCD)refers to sudden death due to a variety of cardiac *** is manifested as a sudden loss of consciousness,cardiac arrest,and respiratory arrest and generally shows early symptoms that are atypical and not easily detected[1].According to a recent study,nearly 544000 patients suffer from SCD every year in China[2].

关键词： cardiac death respiratory

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