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Aerodynamic Analysis and Optimization of Pantograph Streamline Fairing for High-Speed Trains

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第5期20卷 1075-1091页

作者： Xiang kan Yan Li tian Li Jiye Zhang State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031China Technical Center Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu Design Institute Co.Ltd.Chengdu610031China

A pantograph serves as a vital device for the collection of electricity in trains.However,its aerodynamic resistance can limit the train’s running speed.As installing fairings around the pantograph is known to effectively reduce the resistance,in this study,different fairing lengths are considered and the related aerodynamic performances of pantograph are assessed.In particular,this is accomplished through numerical simulations based on the k-ωShear Stress Transport(SST)two-equation turbulence model.The results indicate that the fairing diminishes the direct impact of high-speed airflow on the pantograph,thereby reducing its aerodynamic resistance.However,it also induces interferences in the flow field around the train,leading to variations in the aerodynamic resistance and lift of train components.It is shown that a maximum reduction of 56.52%in pantograph aerodynamic resistance and a peak decrease of 3.38%in total train aerodynamic resistance can be achieved.

关键词： Pantograph fairing train aerodynamic numerical simulation

Temperature-controlled DCP Fluorescent Probe Based on Hydrogel-immobilized Quantum Dots Composite

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第4期39卷 931-936页

作者：童伊琳杨坤 HAN Xuecai YU kan bao Jiaqi Faculty Information Science and Technology Wenhua CollegeWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430074China Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Limited Company Wuhan 430074China

A composite was created by incorporating the quantum dot-enhanced SiO_(2)nanoparticles within this hydrogel.Based on this composite,a temperature-controlled fluorescent probe for DCP was developed.A meticulous examination of this probe revealed its attributes and factors affecting its performance.By using temperature modulation,the probe was adept at detecting DCP concentrations ranging between 1.0×10^(-6)and 9.0×10^(-6)mol/L.Such a probe offers remarkable selectivity,repeatability,and robust stability,so that the detection of DCP can be carried out at different temperatures,and a fast,reliable,sensitive and low-cost intelligent detection method is realized.

关键词： temperature-controlled fluorescent probe hydrogel-immobilized quantum dots composite DCP

Neurotoxicity due to dimethylamine borane poisoning via skin absorption:a case report

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2022年第6期13卷 500-503页

作者： Guang-cai Yu Ya-qian Li tian-zi Jian bao-tian kan Si-qi Cui Ping Han Xiang-dong Jian Department of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases Emergency MedicineQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250012China Department of Geriatric Medicine Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversitySchool of NursingCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China School of Public Health Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China

Dear editor,Dimethylamine borane(DMAB,CAS no.74-94-2),also called boron-dimethylamine complex,is a white crystalline solid.It has an amine odour under mild conditions.[1]As an excellent reducing agent,DMAB is widely used in the semiconductor industry,pharmaceutical manufacturing,[2]oligomer and polymer production,and hydrogen storage.[3]Acute DMAB exposure may cause eye or respiratory irritation,throat discomfort,vomiting,diarrhoea,and pulmonary oedema.[1,4]Isolated reports indicated that DMAB exposure causes acute cerebellar oedema and peripheral neuropathy.[1,5,6]Herein,we report a case of DMAB poisoning via dermal absorption in which the central and peripheral nervous systems were the primary sites of toxic injury.We highlight the use of brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and electromyography(EMG)for evaluation after exposure.

关键词： conditions. absorption boron

Clinical analysis of pipeline dredging agent poisoning:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第28期10卷 10201-10207页

作者： Ya-Qian Li Guang-Cai Yu Long-Ke Shi Li-Wen Zhao Zi-Xin Wen bao-tian kan Xiang-Dong Jian Department of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases Emergency MedicineQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012Shandong ProvinceChina School of Public Health Shandong UniversityJinan 250012Shandong ProvinceChina School of Nursing and Rehabilitation Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Pipeline dredging agents are new household deep cleaning products used to dredge blockages in kitchen and bathroom pipeline caused by grease,hair,vegetable residue,paper cotton fibre,and other organic substances.Pipeline dredging agents are corrosive chemicals that can cause poisoning through corrosive damage to the digestive tract;however,this has not been reported clinically.Therefore,this report emphasises that oral pipeline dredging agent poisoning can cause corrosive damage to the digestive tract and may have serious health consequences.CASE SUMMARY A 68-year-old man consumed liquor(200 m L) at approximately 13:00 on April 22,2021.At approximately 16:00,his family found him unresponsive with blackened lips,blood spots in the corners of the mouth,and blood stains on the ground,as well as an empty bottle of a pipeline dredging agent.One hour later,he was admitted to the emergency department of a local hospital.Considering the empty bottle,he was suspected to have sustained severe corrosive damage to the digestive tract and was transferred to our department at 23:15 on April 22,2021.He developed dysphagia and intermittent fever and experienced difficulty in opening his mouth throughout his hospital stay.The patient’s condition gradually stabilised.However,he suddenly developed respiratory failure on day 12,and endotracheal intubation and ventilator-assisted ventilation were performed.However,the patient died after 1.5 h despite emergency rescue efforts.CONCLUSION Pipeline dredging agents are highly corrosive and may cause corrosive damage to the digestive tract and asphyxia upon consumption.

关键词： Asphyxia Digestive tract injury Pipeline dredging agent Poisoning Respiratory failure Case report

An incident of chloroform poisoning on a university campus

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2022年第2期13卷 155-157页

作者： Si-qi Cui Yi-ming Tao tian-zi Jian Jie Han Ying-li Ren Zhong-chen Zhang Ce-ce Sun Guang-cai Yu bao-tian kan Xiang-dong Jian School of Public Health Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Department of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases Emergency MedicineQilu HospitalShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Department of Digestive Internal Medicine Qilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Department of Geriatric Medicine Qilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China

Dear editor,University laboratory-related events include fire,explosion,chemical gas leakage,poisoning related to the loss of toxic reagents,specific pathogen infection,leakage of radioactive material,etc.[1]Chloroform is an important material used frequently in the laboratory,for organic synthesis or used as an organic glass binder and organic matter extractor.[2]As a widely used anesthetic in clinics in the 1950s and the 1960s,[3]chloroform was abandoned because of hepatorenal toxicity.We report a case of a 24-year-old suicidal female student with chloroform poisoning.

关键词： chloroform incident synthesis

Three-dimensional(3D)parametric measurements of individual gravels in the Gobi region using point cloud technique

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第4期16卷 500-517页

作者： JING Xiangyu HUANG Weiyi kan Jiangming College of Engineering Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forestry Equipment and Automation Beijing 100083China

Gobi spans a large area of China,surpassing the combined expanse of mobile dunes and semi-fixed dunes.Its presence significantly influences the movement of sand and dust.However,the complex origins and diverse materials constituting the Gobi result in notable differences in saltation processes across various Gobi surfaces.It is challenging to describe these processes according to a uniform morphology.Therefore,it becomes imperative to articulate surface characteristics through parameters such as the three-dimensional(3D)size and shape of gravel.Collecting morphology information for Gobi gravels is essential for studying its genesis and sand saltation.To enhance the efficiency and information yield of gravel parameter measurements,this study conducted field experiments in the Gobi region across Dunhuang City,Guazhou County,and Yumen City(administrated by Jiuquan City),Gansu Province,China in March 2023.A research framework and methodology for measuring 3D parameters of gravel using point cloud were developed,alongside improved calculation formulas for 3D parameters including gravel grain size,volume,flatness,roundness,sphericity,and equivalent grain size.Leveraging multi-view geometry technology for 3D reconstruction allowed for establishing an optimal data acquisition scheme characterized by high point cloud reconstruction efficiency and clear quality.Additionally,the proposed methodology incorporated point cloud clustering,segmentation,and filtering techniques to isolate individual gravel point clouds.Advanced point cloud algorithms,including the Oriented Bounding Box(OBB),point cloud slicing method,and point cloud triangulation,were then deployed to calculate the 3D parameters of individual gravels.These systematic processes allow precise and detailed characterization of individual gravels.For gravel grain size and volume,the correlation coefficients between point cloud and manual measurements all exceeded 0.9000,confirming the feasibility of the proposed methodology for measuring 3D parameters of individual gr

关键词： Gobi gravels three-dimensional(3D)parameters point cloud 3D reconstruction Random Sample Consensus(RANSAC)algorithm Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise(DBSCAN)

Developing silicon-based photocathodes for CO_(2) conversion

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 1904-1921页

作者： Weijie Zhuang Miao kan Tao Meng Jinlong Zhang Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China

Photoelectrochemical(PEC)conversion of CO_(2) presents a promising avenue for solar-driven chemical fuel production,with silicon emerging as a cost-effective and high-light-absorbing material pivotal to this technology.Aiming at exploring opportunities for industrializing PEC CO_(2) reduction(PEC-CO_(2)R)by minimizing reaction energy consumption,enhancing reaction efficiency and selectivity,this review summarizes recent advancements in developing Si-based photocathodes for PEC-CO_(2)R.It outlines the fundamental principles,advantages,and limitations of Si photocathodes with key performance metrics.Based on this understanding,the strategies to enhance the performance of the PEC-CO_(2)R system,including light absorption,charge separation,and catalytic reactions are categorized as the interfacial modification,active site decoration,and protective layer design.The design ideas of this advantageous three-layer structure in promoting the efficiency,stability,and selectivity have been clarified.Then,this review scrutinizes the influence of the photocathodic chemical environment.This review consolidates the mechanism insights and notable breakthroughs of various fuel generation processes within Si-based PEC-CO_(2)R systems.Providing this wealth of information offers an up-to-date perspective on the dynamic developments in silicon-based PEC-CO_(2) conversion and underscores the promising pathways toward the sustainable fuel synthesis from pollutant CO_(2).

关键词： photoelectrochemistry solar fuels silicon photocathodes carbon dioxide reduction microenvironment

Role of Oncostatin M in the prognosis of inflammatory bowel disease: A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第1期16卷 228-238页

作者： Yue Yang kan-Zuo Fu Gu Pan Department of Gastroenterology III Heilongjiang Provincial HospitalHarbin 150036Heilongjiang ProvinceChina Department of Nursing The Second Hospital of HarbinHarbin 150056Heilongjiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Oncostatin M(OSM)is a pleiotropic cytokine which is implicated in the path-ogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).AIM To evaluate the prognostic role of OSM in IBD patients.METHODS Literature search was conducted in electronic databases(Google Scholar,Embase,PubMed,Science Direct,Springer,and Wiley).Studies were selected if they reported prognostic information about OSM in IBD patients.Outcome data were synthesized,and meta-analyses were performed to estimate standardized mean differences(SMDs)in OSM levels between treatment responders and non-res-ponders and to seek overall correlations of OSM with other inflammatory bio-markers.RESULTS Sixteen studies(818 Crohn’s disease and 686 ulcerative colitis patients treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor-based therapies)were included.OSM levels were associated with IBD severity.A meta-analysis found significantly higher OSM levels in non-responders than in responders to therapy[SMD 0.80(0.33,1.27);P=0.001],in non-remitters than in remitters[SMD 0.75(95%CI:0.35 to 1.16);P<0.0001]and in patients with no mucosal healing than in those with mucosal heal-ing[SMD 0.63(0.30,0.95);P<0.0001].Area under receiver operator curve values showed considerable variability between studies but in general higher OSM levels were associated with poor prognosis.OSM had significant correlations with Simple Endoscopic Score of Crohn’s disease[r=0.47(95%CI:0.25 to 0.64);P<0.0001],Mayo Endoscopic Score[r=0.35(95%CI:0.28 to 0.41);P<0.0001],fecal calprotectin[r=0.19(95%CI:0.08 to 0.3);P=0.001],C-reactive protein[r=0.25(95%CI:0.11 to 0.39);P<0.0001],and platelet count[r=0.28(95%CI:0.17 to 0.39);P<0.0001].CONCLUSION OSM is a potential candidate for determining the severity of disease and predicting the outcomes of anti-tumor necrosis factor-based therapies in IBD patients.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Oncostatin M Prognosis

Impact of Atmospheric Transmittance and NLTE Correction on Simulation of High Spectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounder onboard FY-3E

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第2期38卷 225-234页

作者： Chenggege FANG Peiming DONG Yang HAN Wanlin kan Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological AdministrationNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044 Donghai Laboratory Zhoushan 316021 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre China Meteorological Administration(CMA)Beijing 100081 Key Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric SciencesNanjing 210041

With the launch of the first civilian early-morning orbit satellite Fengyun-3E(FY-3E),higher demands are placed on the accuracy of radiative transfer simulations for hyperspectral infrared data.Therefore,several key issues are investigated in the paper.First,the accuracy of the fast atmospheric transmittance model implemented in the Advanced Research and Modeling System(ARMS)has been evaluated with both the line-by-line radiative transfer model(LBLRTM)and the actual satellite observations.The results indicate that the biases are generally less than 0.25 K when compared to the LBLRTM,while below 1.0 K for the majority of the channels when compared to the observations.However,during both comparisons,significant biases are observed in certain channels.The accuracy of Hyperspectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounder-II(HIRAS-II)onboard FY-3E is comparable to,and even superior to that of the Cross-track Infrared Sounder(CrIS)onboard NOAA-20.Furthermore,apodization is a crucial step in the processing of hyperspectral data in that the apodization function is utilized as the instrument channel spectral response function to produce the satellite channel-averaged transmittance.To further explore the difference between the apodized and unapodized simulations,Sinc function is adopted in the fast transmittance model.It is found that the use of Sinc function can make the simulations fit the original satellite observations better.When simulating with apodized observations,the use of Sinc function exhibits larger deviations compared to the Hamming function.Moreover,a correction module is applied to minimize the impact of Non-Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium(NLTE)in the shortwave infrared band.It is verified that the implementation of the NLTE correction model leads to a significant reduction in the bias between the simulation and observation for this band.

关键词： high spectral infrared sounding atmospheric transmittance apodization Non-Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium Fengyun-3E(FY-3E)