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Cyanide-free silver electroplating process in thiosulfate bath and microstructure analysis of Ag coatings

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2013年第12期23卷 3822-3828页

作者：任凤章殷立涛王姗姗 A.A.VOLINSKY 田保红河南科技大学材料科学与工程学院洛阳471023 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司洛阳471039 Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South Florida

Cyanide-free silver electroplating was conducted in thiosulfate baths containing AgNO3 and AgBr major salts, respectively. The effects of major salt content and current density on surface quality, deposition rate and microhardness of Ag coatings were investigated. The optimized electroplating parameters were established. The adhesion strength of Ag coating on Cu substrate was evaluated and the grain size of Ag coating was measured under optimized electroplating parameters. The optimized AgNO3 content is 40 g/L with current density of 0.25 A/dm2. The deposited bright, smooth, and well adhered Ag coating had nanocrystalline grains with mean size of 35 nm. The optimized AgBr content was 30 g/L with current density of 0.20 A/dm2. The resultant Ag coating had nanocrystalline grains with mean size of 55 nm. Compared with the bath containing AgBr main salt, the bath containing AgNO3 main salt had a wider current density range, and corresponding Ag coating had a higher microhardness and a smaller grain size.

关键词： cyanide-free silver electroplating thiosulfate current density bonding strength grain size

新疆北山地区坡一岩体橄榄石成分特征及其对地幔源区的制约

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地球化学 2020年第4期49卷 353-367页

作者：暴宏天王焰曹勇华中国科学院广州地球化学研究所矿物学与成矿学重点实验室广东广州510640 中国科学院大学北京100049 广东省矿物物理与材料研究开发重点实验室广东广州510640

坡一超镁铁质岩体位于塔里木板块东北缘与中亚造山带南缘拼贴处的北山地区,主要由纯橄岩、异剥橄榄岩、方辉橄榄岩、橄榄辉石岩和少量橄长岩组成,其中方辉橄榄岩和橄榄辉石岩赋含铜镍硫化物矿化。不同类型岩石中橄榄石的Fo值介于84%~89... 详细信息

坡一超镁铁质岩体位于塔里木板块东北缘与中亚造山带南缘拼贴处的北山地区,主要由纯橄岩、异剥橄榄岩、方辉橄榄岩、橄榄辉石岩和少量橄长岩组成,其中方辉橄榄岩和橄榄辉石岩赋含铜镍硫化物矿化。不同类型岩石中橄榄石的Fo值介于84%~89%之间,其中纯橄岩中橄榄石的Fo值最高可达89%,与幔源原生岩浆结晶橄榄石的Fo值(88%~91%)相当。岩体中异剥橄榄岩和纯橄岩中Fo大于86%的橄榄石结晶于硫化物熔体熔离之前,相比与饱满地幔熔体平衡的橄榄石,其具有更高的Ni和更低的Mn含量,指示坡一岩体母岩浆可能不是饱满地幔部分熔融形成的。利用坡一岩体纯橄岩全岩成分和其中Fo值最高的橄榄石成分估算出的母岩浆成分与夏威夷玄武岩的母岩浆成分类似,均表现为富Si和富Ni,显示其地幔源区可能存在辉石岩组分。利用橄榄石的Ni/(Mg/Fe)和Mn/Fe比值估算出地幔源区部分熔融时辉石岩组分贡献的熔体比例约为49%。

关键词：橄榄石母岩浆辉石岩地幔坡一超镁铁质岩体中亚造山带

Hot deformation behavior and processing map of Cu-Ni-Si-P alloy

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2013年第8期23卷 2341-2347页

作者：张毅刘平田保红刘勇李瑞卿许倩倩河南科技大学材料科学与工程学院洛阳471003 上海理工大学材料科学与工程学院上海200093

The high-temperature deformation behavior of Cu-Ni-Si-P alloy was investigated by using the hot compression test in the temperature range of 600-800 ℃ and strain rate of 0.01-5 s-1. The hot deformation activation energy, Q, was calculated and the hot compression constitutive equation was established. The processing maps of the alloy were constructed based on the experiment data and the forging process parameters were then optimized based on the generated maps for forging process determination. The flow behavior and the microstructural mechanism of the alloy were studied. The flow stress of the Cu-Ni-Si-P alloy increases with increasing strain rate and decreasing deformation temperature, and the dynamic recrystallization temperature of alloy is around 700 ℃. The hot deformation activation energy for dynamic recrystallization is determined as 485.6 kJ/mol. The processing maps for the alloy obtained at strains of 0.3 and 0.5 were used to predict the instability regimes occurring at the strain rate more than 1 s-1 and low temperature （〈650 ℃）. The optimum range for the alloy hot deformation processing in the safe domain obtained from the processing map is 750-800 ℃ at the strain rate of 0.01-0.1 s i The characteristic microstructures predicted from the processing map agree well with the results of microstructural observations.

关键词： Cu-Ni-Si-P alloy hot compression deformation dynamic recrystallization constitutive equation processing maps

“Slope-adsorption & plateau-pore filling” mechanism unlocking the potential of hard carbon anodes for “fast-charging & large-sized”batteries

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Science China Materials 2025年第1期 309-311页

作者： tian Liang Xiaoming Zhu Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology Hubei University of Science and Technology

To date, there has been no report on fast-charging and Ahlevel sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) by utilizing thick hard carbon anodes that demonstrate prolonged cycling life and high areal capacity at high rates. Further, the relationship among the complex structure of hard carbon, storage mechanism, and fastcharging performance in alkali-metal ion batteries has been a subject of ongoing debate [1,2].

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Synthesis and Crystal Structure of [Cu(bbtz)(HCOO)_2(H_2O)_2]_n

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2006年第7期25卷 793-796页

作者： PENG Yan-Fen LILT tian-bao YANG Xiao-hong LI bao-Long Department of Chemistry Chizhou Teachers College Chizhou 247100 China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Lab of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province Suzhou University Suzhou 215123 China

The title compound [Cu（bbtz）（HCOO）2（H2O）2], （bbtz = 1,4-bis（1,2,4-triazol-1- ylmethyl）-benzene） was synthesized by the reaction of Cu（HCOO）2 and bbtz in methanol/H2O solution and its structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystal data： C14H18CuN6O6, monoclinic, space group P2 1/c, a = 9.651（2）, b = 10.380（2）, c = 9.368（2） A, β = 112.905（5）°, V = 864.5（3） A^3, Mr = 429.88, Z = 2, Dc = 1.651 g/cm^3, F（000） = 442, μ = 1.311 mm^-1, the final R = 0.0305 and wR = 0.0856 for 1891 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）. X-ray crystal-structure analysis suggests the central copper atom of the title compound is six-coordinated in a distorted octahedral geometry by two nitrogen atoms from two bbtz ligands as well as four oxygen atoms from two H2O and two HCOO^-. The copper atoms are linked by bridging ligand bbtz to form a one-dimensional chain. There are intra- and interchain hydrogen bonding interactions between hydrogen atoms of coordinated water and uncoordinated oxygen atom of HCOO^-.

关键词： synthesis crystal structure cooper complex triazole ligand

Effect of incubation temperature and wet-dry cycle on the availabilities of Cd,Pb and Zn in soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第6期18卷 1119-1123页

作者： SI Ji-tao tian bao-guo WANG hong-tao Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

The effect of incubation temperature and wet-dry cycle on the availabilities of Cd, Pb and Zn was studied. Three soils with pH ranging from 3.8 to 7.3, organic carbon （OC） from 0.7% to 2.4%, and clay from 12.3% to 35.6% were selected. Soils were spiked with reagent grade Cd（NO3）2, Pb（NO3）2, and Zn（NO3）2 at concentrations of 30 mg Cd/kg soil, 300 mg Zn/kg soil and 2000 mg Pb/kg soil. The soils were incubated at 35, 60, 105℃, respectively and went through four wet-dry cycles. Metal availability in soils was estimated by soil extraction with 0.1 mol/L Ca（NO3）2. According to this study, the effect of the spiking temperature on the metal availabilities was different among the metals, soils and wet-dry cycles. Mostly, 35 ~C was the first recommended spiking temperature for Cd and Pb while no spiking temperature was obviously better than others for Zn. Three wet-dry cycles was recommended regardless of the type of metals and incubation temperature.

关键词： availability wet-dry cycle cadmium (Cd) zinc (Zn) lead (Pb)

Thermal-flow-electric coupling performance analysis of a liquid-immersed battery thermal management system

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年第1期 157-176页

作者： Qiang GAO Jun tian Chujin bao Yangfan Zhong Chengbin ZHANG Yongping CHEN School of Energy and Environment Southeast University Battery Testing Center China North Vehicle Research Institute Zhejiang Immertech Co. Ltd. Alibaba Cloud Computing Co. Ltd.

Ensuring the safety and performance of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) is a significant challenge for electric *** tackle this issue, an innovative liquid-immersed battery thermal management system(LIBTMS) using bionic baffles with fish-like perforations is developed. The thermal-flow-electric coupling characteristics of LIBTMSs with different baffle structures(no baffle, conventional baffle, baffle with circular perforations and baffle with fish-like perforations) are systematically investigated using experimental and numerical methods. The results indicate that the forced flow scheme exhibits better thermal management performance and voltage equalization than static flow. Moreover, the LIB temperatures and voltage deviations of different LIBTMSs increase quickly with increasing discharge rates. More importantly, the innovative LIBTMS exhibits the best thermoelectric performance due to its excellent thermoelectric equilibrium behavior caused by high electrical and temperature consistency, as well as the best overall performance involving the balance between the pressure loss and heat transfer capacity of the system. Compared with other structures, the innovative LIBTMS using baffles with fish-like perforations exhibits a maximum reduction of 10.1%, 15.2%, 25.8% and 9.0% in LIB maximum temperature, maximum temperature difference, system pressure drop and voltage deviation, respectively, under the same operating ***, for the LIBTMS using baffles with fish-like perforations, the bottom inlet and top outlet configuration and coolant precooling are suggested to enhance cooling performance.

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Research status and prospects of the fractal analysis of metal material surfaces and interfaces

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 20-38页

作者： Qinjin Dai Xuefeng Liu Xin Ma Shaojie tian Qinghe Cui Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and Processing for Modern Transportation University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing of Ministry of Education University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Xinjiang Institute of EngineeringUrumqi 830023China

As a mathematical analysis method,fractal analysis can be used to quantitatively describe irregular shapes with self-similar or self-affine *** analysis has been used to characterize the shapes of metal materials at various scales and *** methods make it difficult to quantitatively describe the relationship between the regular characteristics and properties of metal material surfaces and ***,fractal analysis can be used to quantitatively describe the shape characteristics of metal materials and to establish the quantitative relationships between the shape characteristics and various properties of metal *** the perspective of two-dimensional planes and three-dimensional curved surfaces,this paper reviews the current research status of the fractal analysis of metal precipitate interfaces,metal grain boundary interfaces,metal-deposited film surfaces,metal fracture surfaces,metal machined surfaces,and metal wear *** relationship between the fractal dimensions and properties of metal material surfaces and interfaces is *** from three perspectives of fractal analysis,namely,research scope,image acquisition methods,and calculation methods,this paper identifies the direction of research on fractal analysis of metal material surfaces and interfaces that need to be *** is believed that revealing the deep influence mechanism between the fractal dimensions and properties of metal material surfaces and interfaces will be the key research direction of the fractal analysis of metal materials in the future.

关键词： metal material surfaces and interfaces fractal analysis fractal dimension homogeneity

Microstructure and phase composition of hypoeutectic Te–Bi alloy as evaporation source for photoelectric cathode

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2018年第5期25卷 584-590页

作者： bao-guang Wang Wen-hui Yang hong-ye Gao Wen-huai tian School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Faculty of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University

A hypoeutectic 60Te–40Bi alloy in mass percent was designed as a tellurium atom evaporation source instead of pure tellurium for an ultraviolet detection *** alloy was prepared by slow solidification at about 10^(-2) K·s^(-1).The microstructure,crystal structure,chemical composition,and crystallographic orientation of each phase in the as-prepared alloy were investigated by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,electron backscatter diffraction,and transmission electron *** experimental results suggest that the as-prepared 60Te–40Bi alloy consists of primary Bi_2Te_3 and eutectic Bi_2Te_3/Te *** primary Bi_2Te_3 phase has the characteristics of faceted *** eutectic Bi_2Te_3 phase is encased by the eutectic Te phase in the eutectic *** purity of the eutectic Te phase reaches 100wt%owing to the slow *** the eutectic phases,the crystallographic orientation relationship between Bi_2Te_3 and Te is confirmed as[0001]_(Bi2 Te3)//[1213]_Te and the direction of Te phase parallel to[1120]_(Bi2 Te3)is deviated by 18°from N(2111)_Te.

关键词： Te–Bi alloy microstructure orientation misfit