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Responses of Soil Microbial Activity and Biomass to Salinity After Repeated Additions of Plant Residues

Pedosphere 2015年第2期25卷 177-185页

作者： bannur elmajdoub Petra MARSCHNER School of Agriculture Food and WineThe Waite Research InstituteThe University of Adelaide Biotechnology Research Centre

Microbial adaptation to salinity can be achieved through synthesis of organic osmolytes,which requires high amounts of energy;however,a single addition of plant residues can only temporarily improve energy supply to soil ***,a laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to evaluate the responses of soil microbes to increasing salinity with repeated additions of plant residues using a loamy sand soil with an electrical conductivity in saturated paste extract(EC_e) of 0.6 dS m^(-1).The soil was kept non-saline or salinized by adding different amounts of NaCl to achieve EC_e of 12.5,25.0 and 50.0 dS m^(-1).The non-saline soil and the saline soils were amended with finely ground pea residues at two rates equivalent to 3.9 and 7.8 g C kg^(-1) soil on days 0,15 *** soils receiving no residues were included as a *** respiration per g C added over 2 weeks after each residue addition was always greater at 3.9 than 7.8 g C kg^(-1) soil and higher in the non-saline soil than in the saline *** the saline soils,the cumulative respiration per g C added was higher after the second and third additions than after the first addition except with3.9 g C kg^(-1) at EC_e of 50 dS m^(_1).Though with the same amount of C added(7.8 g C kg^(-1)),salinity reduced soil respiration to a lesser extent when 3.9 g C kg^(-1) was added twice compared to a single addition of 7.8 g C kg^(-1).After the third residue addition,the microbial biomass C concentration was significantly lower in the soils with EC_e of 25 and 50 dS m^(_1) than in the non-saline soil at3.9 g C kg^(-1),but only in the soil with EC_e of 50 dS m^(-1) at 7.8 g C kg^(-1).We concluded that repeated residue additions increased the adaptation of soil microbial community to salinity,which was likely due to high C availability providing microbes with the energy needed for synthesis of organic osmolytes.

关键词： C availability electrical conductivity microbial biomass C microbial community respiration saline soil

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Effects of edge on graphene plasmons as revealed by infrared nanoimaging

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Light(Science & Applications) 2016年第1期5卷 266-274页

作者： Qingyang Xu Teng Ma Mohammad Danesh bannur Nanjunda Shivananju Sheng Gan Jingchao Song Cheng-Wei Qiu Hui-Ming Cheng Wencai Ren Qiaoliang Bao Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials&DevicesSoochow University199 Ren-ai RoadSuzhou 215123JiangsuChina Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 3Singapore 117583Singapore Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash UniversityClaytonVictoria 3800Australia

We used scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy(s-SNOM)to investigate the plasmonic properties of edges in well-defined graphene nanostructures,including sharp tapers,nanoribbons and nanogaps,which were all fabricated via the growth-etching chemical vapor deposition(GECVD)*** obtained near-field images revealed the localized plasmon modes along the graphene nanoribbon;these modes strongly depended on the size of the graphene pattern,the angle of the tapered graphene and the infrared excitation *** interesting plasmon modes were verified by numerical simulations and explained by the reflection,and interference of electromagnetic waves at the graphene–SiO_(2) *** constructive interference at the graphene nanogap caused by charge accumulation was demonstrated for the first *** the infrared nanoimaging technique,greater plasmon broadening was observed in the zigzag edge than in the armchair *** study suggests that graphene edges should be separated by an effective working distance to avoid the overlapping of localized plasmon modes,which is very important for the design of graphene-based plasmonic circuits and devices.

关键词： edge chirality graphene graphene plasmon nanoribbon nanogap near-field microscopy s-SNOM

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Probing the dynamic structural changes of DNA using ultrafast laser pulse in graphene-based optofluidic device

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InfoMat 2021年第3期3卷 316-326页

作者： bannur NShivananju Lu Zhou Yuefeng Yin Wenzhi Yu Babar Shabbir Haoran Mu Xiaozhi Bao Yiqiu Zhang Sun Tian Qingdong Ou Shaojuan Li Mohammad MHossain Yupeng Zhang Huaiyu Shao Guichuan Xing Nikhil V.Medhekar Chang-Ming Li Jian Liu Qiaoliang Bao Institute of Advanced Cross-field Science College of Life ScienceQingdao UniversityQingdaoPeople's Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies(FLEET)Monash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials&DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhouPeople's Republic of China College of Electronic Science and Technology and College of Optoelectronics Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople's Republic of China Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering(IAPME)University of MacaoMacaoPeople's Republic of China Institute of Material Science and Devices Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhouPeople's Republic of China

The ultrafast monitoring of deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)dynamic structural changes is an emerging and rapidly growing research topic in *** existing optical spectroscopy used to identify different dynamical DNA structures lacks quick response while requiring large consumption of samples and bulky instrumental *** is highly demanded to develop an ultrafast technique that monitors DNA structural changes with the external stimulus or cancer-related disease ***,we demonstrate a novel photonic integrated graphene-optofluidic device to monitor DNA structural changes with the ultrafast response *** approach is featured with an effective and straightforward design of decoding the electronic structure change of graphene induced by its interactions with DNAs in different conformations using ultrafast nanosecond pulse laser and achieving refractive index sensitivity of~3×10^(−5) *** innovative technique for the first time allows us to perform ultrafast monitoring of the conformational changes of special DNA molecules structures,including G-quadruplex formation by K+ions and i-motif formation by the low pH *** graphene-optofluidic device as presented here provides a new class of label-free,ultrafast,ultrasensitive,compact,and cost-effective optical biosensors for medical and healthcare applications.

关键词： DNA optical biosensor graphene optofluidic device two-dimensional materials ultrafast fiber laser

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Second Harmonic Generation in Some Donor-Acceptor Substituted Chalcone Derivatives

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Journal of Crystallization Process and Technology 2013年第3期3卷 108-117页

作者： P. S. Patil V. M. Bhumannavar M. S. bannur Harish N. Kulkarni G. Bhagavannarayana Department of Physics K.L.E. Institute of Technology Hubli India Department of Physics K.L.S. Vishwanathrao Deshpande Rural Institute of Technology Hliyal India Department of Physics S.T.J. Institute of Technology Ranebennur India Materials Characterization Division National Physical Laboratory New Delhi India.

A series of five chalcone derivatives with different substituents in para and meta posions have been synthesized, and single crystals were successfully grown in aceton solution by slow evaporation solution growth technique (SESGT). Single crystal X-ray studies revealed that all the crystals crystallized in noncentrosymmetric space group with their molecular dipoles perfectly aligned in a direction-favorable for large nonlinear optical effects. Kurtz powder tests revealed that all five materials have second-harmonic-generating properties with maximum efficiencies of approximately 14 times that of urea standard. UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analyses are also presented for all of the reported materials. Among the five chalcones, high quality single crystals of 4-Methoxy-4'-chlorochalcone were grown by SESGT, and its crystalline perection were studied by using a high resolution X-ray diffractometry (HRXRD).

关键词： Nonlinear Optical Materials Organic Compounds Crystal Growth Second Harmonic Generation TGA/DTA

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