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Regeneration mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for neuromuscular junctions in aging and diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 193-194页

作者： Masashi Fujitani Abu md Mamun Tarif Yoshinori Otani Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience Faculty of MedicineShimane UniversityShimaneJapan

The neuromuscular junction(NMJ)is an essential synaptic structure composed of motor neurons,skeletal muscles,and glial cells that orchestrate the critical process of muscle contraction(Li et al.,2018).The typical NMJ structure is classically described as having a“pretzel-like”shape in mice(Figure 1),whereas human NMJs have a smaller,fragmented structure throughout *** NMJs exhibit smaller or fragmented endplates,partial denervation,reduced numbers of synaptic vesicles,abnormal presynaptic mitochondria,and dysfunctional perisynaptic Schwann cells(Alhindi et al.,2022).

关键词： aging structure Figure

Steel Surface Defect Detection Using Learnable Memory Vision Transformer

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 499-520页

作者： Syed Tasnimul Karim Ayon Farhan md.Siraj Jia Uddin Department of Computer Science and Engineering BRAC UniversityDhaka1212Bangladesh Department of AI and Big Data Endicott CollegeWoosong UniversityDaejeon34606Republic of Korea

This study investigates the application of Learnable Memory Vision Transformers(LMViT)for detecting metal surface flaws,comparing their performance with traditional CNNs,specifically ResNet18 and ResNet50,as well as other transformer-based models including Token to Token ViT,ViT withoutmemory,and Parallel *** awidely-used steel surface defect dataset,the research applies data augmentation and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding(t-SNE)to enhance feature extraction and *** techniques mitigated overfitting,stabilized training,and improved generalization *** LMViT model achieved a test accuracy of 97.22%,significantly outperforming ResNet18(88.89%)and ResNet50(88.90%),aswell as the Token to TokenViT(88.46%),ViT without memory(87.18),and Parallel ViT(91.03%).Furthermore,LMViT exhibited superior training and validation performance,attaining a validation accuracy of 98.2%compared to 91.0%for ResNet 18,96.0%for ResNet50,and 89.12%,87.51%,and 91.21%for Token to Token ViT,ViT without memory,and Parallel ViT,*** findings highlight the LMViT’s ability to capture long-range dependencies in images,an areawhere CNNs struggle due to their reliance on local receptive fields and hierarchical feature *** additional transformer-based models also demonstrate improved performance in capturing complex features over CNNs,with LMViT excelling particularly at detecting subtle and complex defects,which is critical for maintaining product quality and operational efficiency in industrial *** instance,the LMViT model successfully identified fine scratches and minor surface irregularities that CNNs often *** study not only demonstrates LMViT’s potential for real-world defect detection but also underscores the promise of other transformer-based architectures like Token to Token ViT,ViT without memory,and Parallel ViT in industrial scenarios where complex spatial relationships are *** research m

关键词： Learnable Memory Vision Transformer(LMViT) Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN) metal surface defect detection deep learning,computer vision image classification learnable memory gradient clipping label smoothing t-SNE visualization

Ru/NiMnB spherical cluster pillar for highly proficient green hydrogen electrocatalyst at high current density

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 397-408页

作者： md Ahasan Habib Shusen Lin Mehedi Hasan Joni Sumiya Akter Dristy Rutuja Mandavkar Jae-Hun Jeong Jihoon Lee Department of Electronic Engineering College of Electronics and Information Kwangwoon University

Advanced OER/HER electrocatalytic alternatives are crucial for the wide adaptation of green hydrogen ***,Ru/NiMnB spherical cluster pillar （SCP）,denoted as Ru/NiMnB,is synthesized using a combination of electro-deposition and hydrothermal *** investigation of Ru doping in the NiMnB matrix revealed significant improvements in electrocatalytic *** Ru/NiMnB SCPs demonstrate superior OER/HER activity with low overpotentials of 150 and 103 mV at 50mA/cm2in 1 M KOH,making them highly competitive with state-of-the-art ***,the Ru/NiMnB SCPs exhibit a low 2-E cell voltage of 2.80 V at ultra-high current density of 2,000 m A/cm2in 1 M KOH,outperforming the standard benchmark electrodes of RuO2||Pt/C,thereby positioning Ru/NiMnB as one of the best bifunctional *** SCPs exhibit exceptional high-current characteristics,stability and corrosion resistance,as evidenced by continuous operation at 1,000 mA/cm2high-current density for over 150 h in 6 M KOH at elevated temperatures under harsh industrial *** a small amount of Ru incorporation significantly enhances the electrocatalytic performances of NiMnB,attributed to increased active sites and improved intrinsic properties such as conductivity,adsorption/desorption capability and reaction ***,Ru/NiMnB SCPs present a promising bi-functional electrode concept for efficient green H2production.

关键词： Potassium hydroxide

Global volcanic arc magma composition correlates with thickness of both arc crust(Moho depth)and arc lithosphere(LAB depth):A revealing message on arc basement histories and arc magmatism

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第5期14卷 141-152页

作者： R.A.balqis Mazuir Yaoling Niu Durham University Durham DH13LEUK Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao 266237China China University of Geosciences(Beijing) Beijing 100083China Institute of Oceanology Qingdao 266071China

Past fifty years have seen mounting publications on the genesis of volcanic arc *** details remain debated,it is generally agreed that arc magmas result from slab-dehydration induced mantle wedge melting followed by crustal level differentiation of varying extent and *** recent arc magma studies deserve particular attention because they attempt to discuss globally unifying controls on arc magma *** Harvard study(Turner and Langmuir,2015a,b)and Rice study(Farner and Lee,2017)show correlations of arc magma composition with crustal thickness and both ascribe the crustal thickness as the principal control on their observed magma compositional variations,yet the physical role of the crustal thickness in their interpretations is markedly different because of(1)the ambiguous use of“crust”and(2)their different magma compositional ranges chosen in *** Harvard study only uses basaltic samples corrected to MgO=6.0 wt.%to discuss mantle processes and interprets the arc crustal thickness as restricting the mantle wedge melting,i.e.,the extent of melting decreases with increasing crustal *** Rice study uses samples of all compositions(basaltic to rhyolitic),whose extent of differentiation increases with increasing crustal thickness,interpreted as Moho-crossing mantle wedge melts travelling greater vertical distance with greater degree of cooling and erupting more evolved compositions above thicker crust than melts erupted above thinner crust without need of invoking mantle wedge *** commend these efforts and approve their different approaches but emphasize that the unifying understanding of global arc magmatism requires clearly defined Moho(the base of the crust)and LAB(the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary)and their intrinsic controls on mantle wedge melting(Harvard Study model)and crustal level magma differentiation(Rice Study model)beneath global *** this study,we use chemical compositions of 36,945 global

关键词： Global volcanic arc magma compositions Arc crustal thickness Arc lithospheric thickness Moho-LAB depth correlation Flux melting for diapirs Diapiric decompression melting

Spatio-temporal variation of zooplankton community structure in tropical urban waterbodies along trophic and urban gradients

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 539-550页

作者： Siti balqis Abd.Razak Zati Sharip Lake Research Unit Water Quality and Environment Research CentreNational Hydraulic Research Institute of MalaysiaMinistry of WaterLand and Natural ResourcesLot 5377Jalan Putra Permai43300 Seri KembanganSelangorMalaysia

The ecological impacts of urbanization and eutrophication on zooplankton communities in urban waterbodies have recently gained wide *** findings vary across species and urban *** the development of such changes affects the variation of biotic assemblages has only been explored to a limited extent in tropical urban *** and temporal variations of zooplankton community structure in 11 urban waterbodies in the Klang Valley,Malaysia were investigated along trophic and urbanization *** and water quality samples were collected three times,between May and November 2017,from two different locations in each *** three main zooplankton groups(rotifera,copepoda,and cladocera)were recorded from the study areas throughout the sampling *** zooplankton community structure,particularly with regard to rotifers and cladocerans,varied between lakes and *** diversity does not vary with lake size or distance from the city center but does vary with shoreline development index and urbanization *** zooplankton populations were dominated by rotifers,mainly Brachionus angularis at all study sites during the study period followed by copepods and *** total density of zooplankton was significantly highest(p<0.05)in the hypereutrophic lakes and during the dry *** diversity and rotifer species richness were negatively correlated with total phosphorus(TP).Diversity increased with urbanization and shoreline development,with rotifers as a potential bioindicator of trophic state in urban tropical lakes,due to their close relationship with TP.

关键词： Eutrophication Rotifer Tropical ponds Urban waterbodies Zooplankton diversity

Synthesis of activated carbon from spent tea leaves for aspirin removal

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第5期26卷 1003-1011页

作者： Syieluing Wong Yowjeng Lee Norzita Ngadi Ibrahim Mohammed Inuwa Nurul balqis Mohamed Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Malaysia Department of Industrial Chemistry Kaduna State University Kaduna Nigeria

Adsorption capacity of activated carbon prepared from spent tea leaves （STL-AC） for the removal of aspirin from aqueous solution was investigated in this study. Preliminary studies have shown that treatment with phosphoric acid （H3PO4） increased removal efficiency of STL-AC. Characterizations on STL-AC revealed excellent textural properties （1200 m2.g-1, 51% mesoporosity）, as well as distinctive surface chemistry （1.08 mmol.g-1 and 0.54 mmol.g-1 for acidic and basic oxygenated groups, pHpzc = 2.02）. Maximum removal efficiency of aspirin observed was 94.28% after 60 rain when the initial concentration was 100 mg.L-1, 0.5 g of adsorbent used, pH 3 and at a temperature of 30 ℃. The adsorption data were well fitted to the Freundlich isotherm model and obeyed the pseudo-second order kinetics model. The adsorption of aspirin onto STL-AC was exothermic in nature （△H = - 13.808 ***-1） and had a negative entropy change, △S （-41.444 ***-1）. A negative Gibbs free energy, △G was obtained indicating feasibility and spontaneity of the adsorption process. The adsorp- tion capacity of △C-STL （178.57 mg.g-1） is considerably high compared to most adsorbents synthesized from various sources, due to the well-defined textural properties coupled with surface chemistry of STL-AC which fa- vors aspirin adsorption. The results demonstrate the potential of STL-AC as aspirin adsorbent.

关键词： Activated carbon Spent tea leaves Aspirin Adsorption Kinetics Isotherm

Bibliometric analysis of micro-nano manufacturing technologies

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Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering 2019年第2期2卷 61-70页

作者： Maryna Bodnariuk ruslan Melentiev Department of Information Activity and Media Communications Odessa National Polytechnic UniversityOdessaUkraine Centre of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology(MNMT-Dublin) University College DublinDublinIreland

Manufacturing is the primary industry promoting economic and social *** the past 30 years,the global trends of preciseness and device miniaturisation have promoted manufacturing to the micro(μ)and nano(η)*** of themost promising micro-nano manufacturing technologies(MNMT)is of interest to industry,academia and private and national science investing *** the exponential broadening of the research area and an enormous volume of literature,providing an overview of the state of the art is far beyond the scope of a technical review *** study performs bibliometric analysis of a stream of academic literature devoted toμ-andη-*** goals of the analysis are to assess the current core and trends in the field *** and citation statistics from 1988 were collected from theWeb of Science,Google Scholar,Scopus,Engineering Village,ScienceDirect and SpringerLink databases and were then analysed and illustrated with Microsoft Excel and VOSviewer *** top keywords,articles,journals,authors,universities and countrieswere identified according to different *** index of normalised influence was offered to evaluate the top element in each *** observed that the most powerful keywords were present in well-known articles published in prominent journals by authoritative scientists at leading universities in the countries that are most actively engaged in *** implications of the research outcomes for investors and academicians are summarised in the conclusion.

关键词： Bibliometric analysis Micro-machining Nano-machining Top Citations

Nitrite pre-treatment of dewatered sludge for microbial fuel cell application

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第3期31卷 148-155页

作者： Abdul Rasyid ruslan Vel Murugan Vadivelu School of Chemical Engineering Universiti Sains MalaysiaEngineering Campus

The effect of pre-treatment of dewatered sludge using different nitrite concentrations and p H for microbial fuel cell(MFC) application was investigated. The results show that the addition of nitrite was feasible to increase the solubilization rate of the sludge and may reduce mass transfer limitation at the anode. This helped the MFC to reach higher voltage and to generate more power. The higher free nitrous acid(FNA) concentration under the acidic condition helped to increase sludge solubilization. However, under an alkaline condition, during which the FNA concentration was relatively low, the solubilization of the sludge was higher. The highest voltage and power density produced was 390 mV and 153 mW/m^2, respectively, with the addition of nitrite at 100 mg-N/L and pH 9. Furthermore,it was found that elevated levels of FNA could inhibit electrogenic bacteria thus reducing power generation.

关键词： Dewatered sludge Nitrite pre-treatment Free nitrous acid Microbial fuel cell Electricity generation

Using Blockchain Technology in Mobile Network to create decentralized Home Location Registry(HLR)

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2021年第11期39卷 287-296页

作者： Behnam Kiani Kalejahi ruslan Eminov Aga Guliyev Department of Computer Science School of Science and EngineeringKhazar UniversityBakuAzerbaijan Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of TabrizTabrizIran

Blockchain can mean many things to many *** is a set of protocols and encryption technologies for securely storing data on a distributed network for the *** is a distributed ledger for business and finance and the technology underlying the explosion of new digital *** technologists,it is the driving force behind the next generation of the *** the other hand,it is a transformational technology facilitating large-scale human progress in previously unimagined ways for the rest of the people,a tool for radically reshaping society and *** view it as a disruptive technology that can be the source of a great deal of fraud,illegal activity,where others see opportunities to bring into existing systems by providing decentralization,transparency,and *** complex technological,economic,and social phenomenon has been the subject of fervent *** calls into question what might have been seen to be established parameters of the modern world like currency,economics,trust,value,and *** is a revolutionary new computing paradigm and one of the most significant,fundamental digital platforms’advances since the *** is an emergent technology experiencing very rapid evolution,and so is our understanding of what it is and what it can *** paper is subject to the use of Blockchain concepts in mobile networks to strengthen the Home Location Registry(HLR)database and make it decentralized for secure transactions and in banking and financial *** also holds potential implications for global *** could make trade more efficient by removing the manual and paper-based processes and introducing streamlined and automated processes.

关键词： Blockchain Mobile Network Home Location Registry Mobile Technology