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Fourth Derivative Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Fungicide Maneb Using Sodium Molybdate

American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2011年第2期2卷 158-163页

作者： Manpreet Kaur Ashok Kumar Malik baldev singh 不详

A highly sensitive fourth derivative spectrophotometric method is presented for the residue analysis of ethylenebis dithiocarbamate fungicide Maneb. The fungicide maneb forms a blue complex with sodium molybdate on heating which is studied spectrophotometrically. The method has been successfully applied to maneb determination in wheat grains and soft drinks with high recoveries. The analytical sensitivity of the present method has been found to be 0.0011 μg/mL.

关键词： Derivative Spectrophotometry Maneb Sodium Molybdate

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Optimization of Conventional Combine Harvester to Reduce Combine Losses for Basmati Rice (<i>Oryza Sativa</i>)

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Agricultural Sciences 2021年第3期12卷 259-272页

作者： Manvendra Bhardwaj Ritu Dogra Mohammed Javed Manjeet singh baldev Dogra Department of Farm Machinery & Power Engineering Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana India Department of Renewable Energy & Engineering Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana India Department of Math Stat and Physics Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana India

A study was conducted at PAU Regional Research Station, Gurdaspur (Punjab) to investigate the design and operational parameters of threshing mechanism of conventional combine harvester for basmati crop. This study was aimed to investigate the suitable changes required in the self-propelled conventional combine harvester for harvesting the basmati crop with minimum grain losses. Field evaluation of experiment was carried out to assess the influence of independent design variable i.e., arrangement of spikes (AS) and independent operational parameters such as concave clearance (CC) and cylinder speed (CS). The study was aimed to enumerate various combining losses viz., extent of visible and invisible grain damage and threshing efficiency at different AS, CC and CS levels. The first year data recorded during 2017 were processed for the optimization during 2018. The results of the present study revealed that during 2017, maximum visible and invisible losses was 5.49% ± 0.33% and 28.07% ± 3.21%, respectively whereas after modification, these losses remained only 4.00% ± 0.80% and 24.07% ± 2.86%, respectively. The threshing efficiency remained above 99.31% ± 0.47%, for both years. Thus, optimization of combine harvester was able to save the visible grain damage by 60% to 83% and invisible grain damage by 6% to 16%, respectively during 2018 than the year 2017.

关键词： Conventional Combine Harvester Basmati Rice Visible and Invisible Grain Damage

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Mechanized Transplanting of Rice(Oryza sativa L.)in Nonpuddled and No-Till Conditions in the Rice-Wheat Cropping System in Haryana,India

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 2409-2413页

作者： baldev Raj Kamboj Dharam Bir Yadav Ashok Yadav Narender Kumar Goel Gurjeet Gill Ram K.Malik Bhagirath singh Chauhan Krishi Vigyan Kendra CCS Haryana Agricultural UniversityYamuna NagarIndia Regional Research Station CCS Haryana Agricultural UniversityKarnalIndia Department of Agronomy CCS Haryana Agricultural UniversityHisarIndia School of Agriculture Food&WineUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia CIMMYT-IRRI CSISA Bihar Hub PatnaIndia Crop and Environmental Sciences Division International Rice Research InstituteLos BanosPhilippines

The common practice of establishing rice in the rice-wheat system in India is manual transplanting of seedlings in the puddled soil. Besides being costly, cumbersome, and time consuming, puddling results in degradation of soil and the formation of a hard pan, which impedes root growth of subsequent upland crops. In addition, decreased availability and increasing cost of labor have increased the cost of rice cultivation through conventional methods. Because of these concerns, there is a need for mechanized transplanting of rice which is less labor-intensive and can ensure optimum plant population under nonpuddled and/or no-till conditions. A large number of on-farm trials were conducted at farmers’ fields in Haryana, India, from 2006 to 2010 to evaluate the performance of the mechanical transplanted rice (MTR) under nonpuddled and no-till situations as compared to conventional puddled transplant rice (CPTR). Compared with CPTR, nonpuddled MTR produced 3%-11% higher grain yield in different years. Rice cultivars, viz. HKR47, HKR127, PR113, PR114, PB1, PB1121, CSR30, and Arize6129, performed consistently better under nonpuddled MTR as compared to CPTR. Performance of different cultivars (PR113, PR114, HKR47, and Pusa 44) was also better under no-till MTR as compared to CPTR. The “basmati” cultivar CSR30 performed equally in no-till MTR and CPTR systems. The results of our study suggest that rice can be easily grown under nonpuddled and no-till conditions with yield advantages over the CPTR system. Even in the case of similar yield between CPTR and MTR systems, the MTR system will help in reducing labor requirement and ultimately, will increase overall profits to farmers.

关键词： Farmer Participatory Research Self Propelled Paddy Transplanter Double No-Till Rice-Wheat System Nonpuddled Transplanted Rice

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