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Combined effects of Gymnema sylvestre and Pergularia daemia on letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome in rats

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2021年第2期10卷 68-74页

作者： Sudhakar Pachiappan Kothai Ramalingam Arul balasubramanian Department of Pharmacology Vinayaka Mission’s College of PharmacyVinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation(Deemed to be University)Salem-8Tamil NaduIndia Department of Pharmacy Practice Vinayaka Mission’s College of PharmacyVinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation(Deemed to be University)Salem-8Tamil NaduIndia

Objective:To investigate the combined therapeutic potential of Gymnema(G.)sylvestre and Pergularia(P.)daemia on letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS)in ***:Thirty six healthy female Wistar rats with regular estrus cycles were randomly divided into six groups each of ***Ⅰreceived 1 mL of 0.5%carboxyl methyl cellulose orally and served as the vehicle control group,while groupsⅡtoⅥwere treated with letrozole(1 mg/kg body weight p.o.)for 21 days to induce *** induction of PCOS,groupⅡserved as the PCOS control group,without treatment;groupⅢreceived metformin(20 mg/kg body weight p.o.)as the standard group,and groupsⅣtoⅥreceived ***(100 mg/kg body weight p.o.),***(300 mg/kg body weight p.o.),and the combination of *** and ***,respectively,for 28 *** smears were collected from all rats daily throughout the study to determine the phases of the estrus *** completing the treatment schedule,oral glucose tolerance test,serum lipid profile and reproductive hormonal analysis were carried ***,the rats were sacrificed to collect ovary and uterus for histopathological ***:The PCOS control rats showed a significant irregularity in the estrus cycle,hyperglycemia,and the altered serum lipid profile such as the increased low and very low density lipoprotein,triglyceride,and decreased high density *** addition,the PCOS control rats showed a significant increase in serum luteinizing hormone,testosterone,and estrogen,and decrease in follicle stimulating hormone and *** changes were significantly revoked in all the treatment *** test drugs also significantly reduced the gained ovary weight(P<0.001),and histopathology of the ovary showed almost normal *** the treatment groups,the group of combination treatment of *** and *** showed superior ameliorative results in PCOS ***:Combination of *** and *** pr

关键词： Polycystic ovarian syndrome Metformin Letrozole Gymnema sylvestre Pergularia daemia Reproductive hormone Estrus cycle

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Influences of atmospheric plasma spraying parameters on the porosity level of alumina coating on AZ31B magnesium alloy using response surface methodology

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2012年第5期22卷 468-479页

作者： D.Thirumalaikumarasamy K.Shanmugam V.balasubramanian Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai UniversityAnnamalainagar 608002ChidambaramTamil NaduIndia Centre for Materials Joining & Research(CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing EngineeringAnnamalai UniversityAnnamalainagar 608002Tamil NaduIndia

The main problem faced in the plasma spraying is the selection of optimum combination of input variables for achieving the required qualities of *** problem can be solved by the development of relationship between the process parameters(input power,stand-off distance and powder feed rate) and the coating quality characteristics(porosity,) by response surface *** article highlights the use of response surface methodology by designing a three-factor five level central composite rotatable design matrix with full replication for planning,conduction,execution,and development of empirical *** coating was deposited on AZ31B magnesium alloy using atmospheric plasma spraying process by varying parameters such as power,stand-off distance and powder feed ***,response surface methodology was used for the selection of optimum plasma spraying parameters to achieve desired quality of alumina coating.

关键词： Atmospheric plasma spraying Optimization Response surface methodology Alumina coating Porosity

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Nanozymes in Point-of-Care Diagnosis:An Emerging Futuristic Approach for Biosensing

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Nano-Micro Letters 2021年第12期13卷 44-94页

作者： Bhaskar Das Javier Lou Franco Natasha Logan Paramasivan balasubramanian Moon Il Kim Cuong Cao School of Biological Sciences Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUK Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering National Institute of Technology RourkelaRourkelaIndia Department of BioNano Technology Gachon UniversitySeongnamKorea

Nanomaterial-based artificial enzymes(or nanozymes) have attracted great attention in the past few years owing to their capability not only to mimic functionality but also to overcome the inherent drawbacks of the natural *** advantages of nanozymes such as diverse enzyme-mimicking activities,low cost,high stability,robustness,unique surface chemistry,and ease of surface tunability and biocompatibility have allowed their integration in a wide range of biosensing applications. Several metal,metal oxide,metal–organic framework-based nanozymes have been exploited for the development of biosensing systems,which present the potential for point-of-care analysis. To highlight recent progress in the field,in this review,more than 260 research articles are discussed systematically with suitable recent examples,elucidating the role of nanozymes to reinforce,miniaturize,and improve the performance of point-of-care diagnostics addressing the ASSURED(a ordable,sensitive,specific,user-friendly,rapid and robust,equipment-free and deliverable to the end user) criteria formulated by World Health Organization. The review reveals that many biosensing strategies such as electrochemical,colorimetric,fluorescent,and immunological sensors required to achieve the ASSURED standards can be implemented by using enzyme-mimicking activities of nanomaterials as signal producing components. However,basic system functionality is still lacking. Since the enzyme-mimicking properties of the nanomaterials are dictated by their size,shape,composition,surface charge,surface chemistry as well as external parameters such as pH or temperature,these factors play a crucial role in the design and function of nanozyme-based point-of-care diagnostics. Therefore,it requires a deliberate exertion to integrate various parameters for truly ASSURED solutions to be realized. This review also discusses possible limitations and research gaps to provide readers a brief scenario of the emerging role of nanoz

关键词： Nanozymes Biosensing Point-of-care diagnosis ASSURED diagnostics Catalytic nanomaterials

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Experimental Investigation on the Performance of Armour Grade Q&T Steel Joints Fabricated by Flux Cored Arc Welding with Low Hydrogen Ferritic Consumables

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2009年第5期25卷 583-591页

作者： G.Magudeeswaran V.balasubramanian G.Madhusudhan Reddy G.Gopalakrishnan Metal Joining Research Center(MJRC) Sri Ramakrishna Engineering CollegeN.G.G.O Colony-Post Centre for Materials Joining&Research(CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing EngineeringAnnamalai University Scientist-F Metal Joining SectionDefence Metallurgical Research Laboratory(DMRL)Kanchanbagh(P.O)

Quenched and Tempered （Q＆T） steels are widely used in the construction of military vehicles due to its high strength to weight ratio and high hardness. These steels are prone to hydrogen induced cracking （HIC） and softening in the heat affected zone （HAZ） after welding. The use of austenitic stainless steel （ASS） consumables to weld the above steel was the only available remedy to avoid HIC because of higher solubility for hydrogen in austenitic phase. Recent studies revealed that low hydrogen ferritic （LHF） steel consumables can also be used to weld Q＆T steels, which can give very low hydrogen levels in the weld deposits and required resistance against cold cracking. Hence, in this investigation an attempt has been made to study the performance of armour grade Q＆T steel joints fabricated by flux cored arc welding with LHF steel consumables. Two different consumables namely （i） austenitic stainless steel and （ii） low hydrogen ferritic steel have been used to fabricate the joints by flux cored arc welding （FCAW） process. The joints fabricated by LHF consumable exhibited superior transverse tensile properties due to the presence of ferrite microstructure in weld metal. The joints fabricated by ASS consumable showed higher impact toughness due to the presence of austenitic phase in weld metal microstructure. The HAZ softening in coarse grain heat affected zone （CGHAZ） is less in the joints fabricated using LHF consumable due to the lower heat input involved during fabrication compared to the joints fabricated using ASS consumables.

关键词： Quenched and tempered steel Flux cored arc welding process Low hydrogen ferritic steel Tensile properties

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Synthesis,antimicrobial evaluation and QSAR studies of 3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzylidene/4-nitrobenzylidene hydrazides

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2011年第11期22卷 1293-1296页

作者： Davinder Kumar Archana Kapoor Ananda Thangadurai Pradeep Kumar balasubramanian Narasimhan Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology Hisar 125001India Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy Tiruchengode 637205India Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak 124001India

A series of 3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzylidene/4-nitrobenzylidene hydrazides（1-20） was synthesized and tested for in vitro antimicrobial *** results of antimicrobial studies indicated that the compounds having dinitro,methoxy,hydroxy and nitro substituents on phenyl ring of the aromatic acids were most active *** QSAR investigation indicated the importance of the topological parameter,third order molecular connectivity index（~3x） in describing the antimicrobial activity of synthesized hydrazides.

关键词： Benzylidene hydrazides Synthesis Antimicrobial mt-QSAR LOO method

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Fast,accurate,and transferable many-body interatomic potentials by symbolic regression

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 161-171页

作者： Alberto Hernandez Adarsh balasubramanian Fenglin Yuan Simon A.M.Mason Tim Mueller Department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA

The length and time scales of atomistic simulations are limited by the computational cost of the methods used to predict material *** recent years there has been great progress in the use of machine-learning algorithms to develop fast and accurate interatomic potential models,but it remains a challenge to develop models that generalize well and are fast enough to be used at extreme time and length *** address this challenge,we have developed a machine-learning algorithm based on symbolic regression in the form of genetic programming that is capable of discovering accurate,computationally efficient many-body potential *** key to our approach is to explore a hypothesis space of models based on fundamental physical principles and select models within this hypothesis space based on their accuracy,speed,and *** focus on simplicity reduces the risk of overfitting the training data and increases the chances of discovering a model that generalizes *** algorithm was validated by rediscovering an exact Lennard-Jones potential and a Sutton-Chen embedded-atom method potential from training data generated using these *** using training data generated from density functional theory calculations,we found potential models for elemental copper that are simple,as fast as embedded-atom models,and capable of accurately predicting properties outside of their training *** approach requires relatively small sets of training data,making it possible to generate training data using highly accurate methods at a reasonable computational *** present our approach,the forms of the discovered models,and assessments of their transferability,accuracy and speed.

关键词： symbolic simplicity transfer

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Identifying the optimal HVOF spray parameters to attain minimum porosity and maximum hardness in iron based amorphous metallic coatings

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2017年第2期13卷 101-110页

作者： S.Vignesh K.Shanmugam V.balasubramanian K.Sridhar Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar 608 002 Tamil Nadu India Protective Technologies Department Naval Materials Research Laboratory (NMRL) Ambernath Thane (Dist) Maharashtra India

Flow based Erosion e corrosion problems are very common in fluid handling equipments such as propellers, impellers, pumps in warships, submarine. Though there are many coating materials available to combat erosionecorrosion damage in the above components, iron based amorphous coatings are considered to be more effective to combat erosionecorrosion problems. High velocity oxy-fuel(HVOF)spray process is considered to be a better process to coat the iron based amorphous powders. In this investigation, iron based amorphous metallic coating was developed on 316 stainless steel substrate using HVOF spray technique. Empirical relationships were developed to predict the porosity and micro hardness of iron based amorphous coating incorporating HVOF spray parameters such as oxygen flow rate, fuel flow rate, powder feed rate, carrier gas flow rate, and spray distance. Response surface methodology(RSM) was used to identify the optimal HVOF spray parameters to attain coating with minimum porosity and maximum hardness.

关键词： High velocity oxy fuel spray Iron based amorphous metallic coating Micro-hardness Porosity

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Effect of fusion welding processes on tensile properties of armor grade, high thickness, non-heat treatable aluminium alloy joints

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第3期15卷 353-362页

作者： K. Vasu H. Chelladurai Addanki Ramaswamy S. Malarvizhi V. balasubramanian Department of Mechanical Engineering PDPM Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing Jabalpur Madhya pradesh 482005 India Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar -(P.O) Tamil nadu 608002 India

AA5059 is one of the high strength armor grade aluminium alloy that finds its applications in the military vehicles due to the higher resistance against the armor piercing (AP) threats. This study aimed at finding the best suitable process among the fusion welding processes such as gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) and gas metal arc welding (GMAW) by evaluating the tensile properties of AA5059 aluminium alloy joints. The fracture path was identified by mapping the low hardness distribution profile (LHDP) across the weld cross section under tensile loading. Optical and scanning electron microscopies were used to characterize the microstructural features of the welded joints at various zones. It is evident from the results that GTAW joints showed superior tensile properties compared to GMAW joints and this is primarily owing to the presence of finer grains in the weld metal zone (WMZ) and narrow heat-affected zone (HAZ). The lower heat input associated with the GTAW process effectively reduced the size of the WMZ and HAZ compared to GMAW process. Lower heat input of GTAW process results in faster cooling rate which hinders the grain growth and reduces the evaporation of magnesium in weld metal compared to GMAW joints. The fracture surface of GTAW joint consists of more dimples than GMAW joints which is an indication that the GTAW joint possess improved ductility than GMAW joint.

关键词： Gas tungsten arc welding Gas metal arc welding Armor grade aluminium alloy Tensile properties Microhardness

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Dysphagia: Thinking outside the box

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第38期23卷 6942-6951页

作者： Hamish Philpott Mayur Garg Dunya Tomic Smrithya balasubramanian Rami Sweis Department of Gastroenterology Eastern Health Clinical School Monash University University College London

Dysphagia is a common symptom that is important to recognise and appropriately manage, given that causes include life threatening oesophageal neoplasia, oropharyngeal dysfunction, the risk of aspiration, as well as chronic disabling gastroesophageal reflux(GORD). The predominant causes of dysphagia varies between cohorts depending on the interplay between genetic predisposition and environmental risk factors, and is changing with time. Currently in white Caucasian societies adopting a western lifestyle, obesity is common and thus associated gastroesophageal reflux disease is increasingly diagnosed. Similarly, food allergies are increasing in the west, and eosinophilic oesophagitis is increasingly found as a cause. Other regions where cigarette smoking is still prevalent, or where access to medical care and antisecretory agents such as proton pump inhibitors are less available, benign oesophageal peptic strictures, Barrett's oesophagus, adeno-as well as squamous cell carcinoma are endemic. The evaluation should consider the severity of symptoms, as well as the pretest probability of a given condition. In young white Caucasian males who are atopic or describe heartburn, eosinophilic esophagitis and gastroesophageal reflux disease will predominate and a proton pump inhibitor could be commenced prior to further investigation. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy remains a valid first line investigation for patients with suspected oesophageal dysphagia. Barium swallow is particularly useful for oropharyngeal dysphagia, and oesophageal manometry mandatory to diagnose motility disorders.

关键词：咽下困难食道嗜曙红 Manometry Gastroesophageal 倒流渴望食物大丸药装紧

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Effect of Pulsed Current TIG Welding Parameters on Pitting Corrosion Behaviour of AA6061 Aluminium Alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2007年第2期23卷 223-229页

作者： T.Senthil Kumar V.balasubramanian M.Y.Sanavullah S.Babu Department of Automobile Technology Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalli 620 024India Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai UniversityAnnamalainagar 608 002India Principal V.M.K.V.Engineering CollegeSalem 636 308India

Medium strength aluminium alloy （Al-Mg-Si alloy） has gathered wide acceptance in the fabrication of light weight structures requiring a high strength-to weight ratio, such as transportable bridge girders, military vehicles, road tankers and railway transport systems. The preferred welding process for aluminium alloy is frequently TIG （tungsten inert gas） welding due to its comparatively easier applicability and better *** the case of single pass TIG welding of thinner section of this alloy, the pulsed current has been found beneficial due to its advantages over the conventional continuous current process. The use of pulsed current parameters has been found to improve the mechanical properties of the welds compared to those of continuous current welds of this alloy due to grain refinement occurring in the fusion zone. A mathematical model has been developed to predict pitting corrosion potential of pulsed current TIG welded AA6061 aluminium *** experimental design has been used to optimize the experimental conditions. Analysis of variance technique has been used to find out the significant pulsed current parameters. Regression analysis has been used to develop the model. Using the developed model pitting corrosion potential values have been estimated for different combinations of pulsed current parameters and the results are analyzed in detail.

关键词： Pulsed current Tungsten inert gas welding Medium strength aluminium alloy Pitting corrosion Design of experiments Analysis of variance

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