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Modeling corrosion behavior of gas tungsten arc welded titanium alloy

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2007年第4期17卷 676-680页

作者： M. balasubramanian V. Jay abalan V. balasubramanian Department of Mechanical Engineering Maamallan Institute of Technology Anna University Department of Manufacturing Engineering Anna University Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University

The pitting corrosion characteristics of pulse TIG welded Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy in marine environment were explained. Besides the rapid advance of titanium metallurgy, this is also due to the successful solution of problems associated with the development of titanium alloy welding. The preferred welding process of titanium alloy is frequently gas tungsten arc(GTA) welding due to its comparatively easier applicability and better economy. In the case of single pass GTA welding of thinner section of this alloy, the pulsed current has been found beneficial due to its advantages over the conventional continuous current process. The benefit of the process is utilized to obtain better quality titanium weldments. Four factors, five levels, central composite, rotatable design matrix are used to optimize the required number of experiments. The mathematical models have been developed by response surface method(RSM). The results reveal that the titanium alloy can form a protective scale in marine environment and is resistant to pitting corrosion. Experimental results are provided to illustrate the proposed approach.

关键词：钛合金脉冲电流钨电极惰性气体保护焊腐蚀行为

Evaluation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Beam Welded AISI 409M Grade Ferritic Stainless Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2012年第1期19卷 72-78页

作者： A K Lakshminarayanan V balasubramanian Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University

The microstructure analysis and mechanical properties evaluation of laser beam welded AISI 409M ferritic stainless steel joints are investigated. Single pass autogeneous welds free of volumetric defects were produced at a welding speed of 3 000 mm/min. The joints were subjected to optical microscope, scanning electron fractographe, microhardness, transverse and longitudinal tensile, bend and charpy impact toughness testing. The coarse ferrite grains in the base metal were changed into dendritic grains as a result of rapid solidification of laser beam welds. Tensile testing indicates overmatching of the weld metal is relative to the base metal. The joints also exhibited acceptable impact toughness and bend strength properties.

关键词： laser beam welding ferritic stainless steel tensile property impact property

Effect of Welding Processes and Consumables on Tensile and Impact Properties of High Strength Quenched and Tempered Steel Joints

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2008年第6期15卷 87-94页

作者： G Magudeeswaran V balasubramanian G Madhusudhan Reddy T S balasubramanian Center for Advanced Materials Joining and Research(CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing EngineeringAnnamalai University Metal Joining Section Defence MetallurgicalResearch Laboratory Special Vehicles Division Combat Vehicles Research and Development Establishment

Quenched and tempered steels are prone to hydrogen induced cracking in the heat affected zone after welding. The use of austenitic stainless steel consumables to weld the above steel was the only available remedy because of higher solubility for hydrogen in austenitic phase. In this investigation, an attempt was made to determine a suitable consumable to replace expensive austenitic consumables. Two different consumables, namely, austenitie stain less steel and low hydrogen ferritic steel, were used to fabricate the joints by shielded metal are welding （SMAW） and flux cored arc welding （FCAW） processes. The joints fabricated by using low hydrogen ferritic steel consumables showed superior transverse tensile properties, whereas joints fabricated by using austenitic stainless steel consumables exhibited better impact toughness, irrespective of the welding process used. The SMAW joints exhibited superior mechanical and impact properties, irrespective of the consumables used, than their FCAW counterparts.

关键词： shielded metal arc welding process flux cored arc welding process austenitie stainless steel low hydro gen ferritic steel transverse tensile property impact toughness

Effect of Heat Input on Fume Generation and Joint Properties of Gas Metal Arc Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2011年第10期18卷 72-79页

作者： K Srinivasan V balasubramanian Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University

The effect of heat input on fume and their compositions during gas metal arc welding （GMAW） of AISI 316 stainless steel plates are investigated. Fume generation rate （FGR） and fume percentage were determined by ANSI/AWS F1.2 methods. Particle characterization was performed with SEM-XEDS and XRF analysis to reveal the particle morphology and chemical composition of the fume particles. The SEM analysis reveals the morphology of particles having three distinct shapes namely spherical, irregular, and agglomerated. Spherical particles were the most abundant type of individual particle. All the fume particle size falls in the range of less than 100 nm. Mechanical properties （strength, hardness and toughness） and microstructural analysis of the weld deposits were evaluated. It is found that heat input of 1.15 kJ/mm is beneficial to weld stainless steel by GMAW process due to lower level of welding fume emissions and superior mechanical properties of the joints.

关键词： gas metal arc weldings fume generation rates austenitic stainless steels tensile property scanning electron microscopes X-ray florescence spectrometer

Complexes and complexities: INO80 takes center stage

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Molecular Plant 2021年第11期14卷 1776-1778页

作者： Sridevi Sureshkumar Sureshkumar balasubramanian School of Biological Sciences Monash UniversityVIC 3800Australia

Chromatin remodeling and transcriptional reprogramming are key mechanisms through which plants respond to environmental *** dynamics associated with the pres-ence/absence(incorporation/eviction)of the histone variant H2A.Z is one of the key chromatin remodeling mechanisms associated with environmental response(Coleman-Derr and Zilberman,2012).Very recently,some excellent papers(Shang et al.,2021;Willige et al.,2021;Xue et al.,2021)have addressed the role of a less-explored component of this chromatin remodeling-the INO80 ***,we discuss novel insights revealed in these papers and their potential impacts.

关键词： complex. programming insight

Process parameters optimization for friction stir welding of RDE-40 aluminium alloy using Taguchi technique

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2008年第3期18卷 548-554页

作者： A.K.LAKSHMINARAYANAN V.balasubramanian Centre for Materials Joining Research(CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing EngineeringAnnamalai UniversityAnnamalai Nagar608002 Tamil Nadu India

Taguchi approach was applied to determine the most influential control factors which will yield better tensile strength of the joints of friction stir welded RDE-40 aluminium alloy. In order to evaluate the effect of process parameters such as tool rotational speed, traverse speed and axial force on tensile strength of friction stir welded RDE-40 aluminium alloy, Taguchi parametric design and optimization approach was used. Through the Taguchi parametric design approach, the optimum levels of process parameters were determined. The results indicate that the rotational speed, welding speed and axial force are the significant parameters in deciding the tensile strength of the joint. The predicted optimal value of tensile strength of friction stir welded RDE-40 aluminium alloy is 303 MPa. The results were confirmed by further experiments.

关键词：铝合金摩擦焊接抗张强度加工处理

Electroless nickel fabrication on surface modified magnesium substrates

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第4期15卷 636-644页

作者： Ayushi Thakur Swaroop Gharde balasubramanian Kandasubramanian Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute of Technology Hazratbal Srinagar Jammu & Kashmir 190006 India Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering DIAT (DU) Ministry of Defence Girinagar Pune 411025 Maharashtra India

In recent years,magnesium(Mg)has evolved as a salient material,in affiliation with electroless nickel(Ni)coating,which have found applications in automobiles,aerospace and confederate fields attributing to its excellent inherent weight sensitive ***,being acknowledged for its remarkable auxiliary properties like flexible machining,appreciable weight sensitivity and ability to be patently diecast into mesh constructs,magnesium is prejudiced by aeronautical standards predominantly for its inferior corrosion resistance *** this sense,electroless nickel plating on magnesium and its alloys has been suggested to extricate it from corrosion problem and make it more competitive in industrial and defence *** fixation of metal ions onto respective substrates accrues and alters their mechanical,electrochemical and tribological properties,destitute of any electric current *** proficiently identified technique is prosecuted with the assistance of a series of sequenced operations involving a prior pretreatment,which corresponds to the chemical cleaning of the substrate surface;electroless coating;and a later activation process which is a mild etching of the electroless coated *** susceptibility of magnesium to this methodology has advanced and propagated its exercise and applicability in aircraft,satellites and allied aeronautical ***,researchers have proposed various eco-friendly and modified duplex and composite coatings which have transmuted properties of these appendages by tailoring alloy compositions and reagents *** review article systematically colligates various considerations and evaluations on electroless nickel applications of magnesium and its alloys and explicates how it anchors its practice in the respective ***,a comprehensive analysis is devised based on the pre-existing treatment methods for accomplishing the same.

关键词： Electroless nickel plating Magnesium Magnesium alloys Corrosion-resistance Micro arc oxidation(MAO)

Comparison of RSM with ANN in predicting tensile strength of friction stir welded AA7039 aluminium alloy joints

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2009年第1期19卷 9-18页

作者： A. K. LAKSHMINARAYANAN V. balasubramanian Centre for Materials Joining ＆ Research （CEMAJOR） Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar-608 002 Tamil Nadu India

磨擦搅动(FSW ) 焊接是一种创新稳固的州的加入技术并且在太空，栏杆，为加入铝的汽车、海洋的工业，镁，锌和铜被采用了合金。FSW 过程参数象工具那样旋转速度，焊接速度，轴的力量，在决定焊接质量起一个主要作用。二个方法，反应表... 详细信息

磨擦搅动(FSW ) 焊接是一种创新稳固的州的加入技术并且在太空，栏杆，为加入铝的汽车、海洋的工业，镁，锌和铜被采用了合金。FSW 过程参数象工具那样旋转速度，焊接速度，轴的力量，在决定焊接质量起一个主要作用。二个方法，反应表面方法论和人工的神经网络被用来预言磨擦的张力的强度搅动焊接 AA7039 铝合金。实验基于三个因素被进行，三水平、中央的合成的脸与完整的复制技术集中了设计，并且数学模型被开发。敏感分析被执行识别批评参数。通过反应表面方法论获得的结果与通过人工的神经网络的那些相比。

关键词：搅拌摩擦焊铜铝合金 AA7039 拉伸性能

Therapeutic Potential of the Medicinal Plant Tinospora cordifolia–Minireview

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第6期91卷 1129-1140页

作者： Lohanathan Bharathi Priya Balamuralikrishnan balasubramanian Balamurugan Shanmugaraj Shanmugam Subbiah Rouh-Mei Hu Chih-Yang Huang Rathinasamy Baskaran Integrative Stem Cell Center China Medical University HospitalTaichung40432Taiwan Department of Food Science and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesSejong UniversitySeoul05006South Korea Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkok10100Thailand Department of Zoology School of Life SciencesBharathiar UniversityCoimbatore641046India Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering Asia UniversityTaichung41354Taiwan Centre of General Education Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationTzu Chi University of Science and TechnologyHualien97004Taiwan Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center Hualien Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationTzu Chi University of Science and TechnologyHualien97004Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University HospitalChina Medical UniversityTaichung40432Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Asia UniversityTaichung41354Taiwan

For thousands of years,plant based herbal medicines have been utilized by millions of people all over the *** materials or products are used in different folk/traditional medical systems,such as the Chinese,African and Indian medical systems,like Siddha,Ayurveda,Unani,and *** cordifolia(TC)is a medicinal plant belonging to the family *** is a big deciduous,climbing shrub growing prevalently in the tropical part of Indian subcontinent regions such as India,Pakistan,Nepal,Bhutan,Bangladesh and Srilanka,and in Myanmar,and ***,Giloy,Shindilkodi,and Amritha are all the common names for this *** from different parts of this herbal plant have been used to treat many *** Ayurvedic medicine,extract from this plant is used for preparing“rasayanas”,which is known to cure diabetes,skin diseases,allergic conditions,jaundice,cardiovascular diseases,rheumatoid arthritis,poisoning,and microbial *** has a many bioactive phytochemicals that have been isolated from its aerial parts and *** bioactive principles have been reported from this plant which belong to various classes like alkaloids,aliphatic compounds,diterpenoid lactones,phenolics,flavonoids,glycosides,sesquiterpenoids,lignans,steroids and *** possesses medicinal properties such as antioxidant,antiallergic,antiinflammatory,antimicrobial,antiviral,antidote,antitumor,antileprotic,antispasmodic,and antidiabetic *** present review will provide a comprehensive therapeutic potential of ***.

关键词： Tinospora cordifolia medicinal plant alkaloid phytomedicine immunomodulatory