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Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism in South Indian children with nephrotic syndrome

The Journal of Biomedical Research 2019年第3期33卷 201-207页

作者： Aravind Selvin Kumar Ramanathan balakrishnan karuppiah Murali Vijayan Kamaraj Raju Dhivakar Mani Rathika Chinniah Manikandan Thirunavukkarasu Padma Malini Ravi Jeyaram Illiayaraja Krishnan Prabha Senguttuvan Department of Pediatric Nephrology Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children Department of Medical Genetics The Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R.Medical University Department of Immunology School of Biological SciencesMadurai Kamaraj University Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Bharathidasan University Department of Clinical Research Narayana Health City Department of Pediatric Nephrology Dr.Mehta’s Children’s Hospital

Nephrotic syndrome is one of the most common childhood kidney diseases. It is mostly found in the age group of 2 to 8 years. Around 10%-15% of nephrotic syndrome cases are non-responders of steroid treatment(SRNS).Angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE)(I/D) gene association studies are important for detecting kidney disease and herein we assessed the association of ACE(I/D) polymorphism with nephrotic syndrome in South Indian children. We recruited 260 nephrotic syndrome(162 boys and 98 girls) and 218(140 boys and 78 girls) control subjects. ACE I/D polymorphism was analyzed by PCR using genotype allele specific primers. In ACE(I/D), we did not find significant association for the ungrouped data of nephrotic syndrome children and the control subjects. Kidney biopsies were done in 86 nephrotic syndrome cases(minimal change disease, n = 51;focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, n = 27;diffuse mesangial proliferation, n = 8). We segregated them into the minimal change disease/focal segmental glomerulosclerosis groups and observed that the ACE’D’ allele was identified with borderline significance in cases of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and the ’Ⅰ’ allele was assessed as having very weak association in cases of minimal change disease. ’Ⅱ’ genotype was weakly associated with minimal change disease. Gender specific analysis revealed weak association of’ID’ genotype with female nephrotic syndrome in females. Dominant expression of DD genotype was observed in males with nephrotic syndrome. Our finding indicated that ACE(I/D) has moderate association with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. However, due to the limited number of biopsy proven focal segmental glomerulosclerosis subjects enrolled, further studies are required to confirm these results.

关键词： angiotensin converting enzyme focal segmental glomerulosclerosis minimal change disease nephrotic syndrome

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Determination of the time of refractive stability after uneventful phacoemulsification in Indian eyes

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 89-96页

作者： Ashok Kumar Nanda Bijnya Birajita Panda Asish Swain Logesh balakrishnan Department of Ophthalmology Kar Vision Eye HospitalBhubaneswar 751013OdishaIndia Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesBhubaneswar 751019OdishaIndia Department of Optometry Kar Vision Eye HospitalBhubaneswar 751013OdishaIndia Department of Statistics Apollo HospitalsChennai 823104India

BACKGROUND Knowledge about refractive stabilization and the accuracy of postoperative refractive error measurements are crucial for improved patient outcomes after *** guidelines typically recommend waiting 4-6 wk before prescribing corrective *** research focused on identifying factors that influence refractive errors in the early stages of post-cataract surgery,thus contributing to the existing literature on this *** To investigate the time required for refraction stability after uneventful phacoemulsification *** We compared the variation and statistical significance of the difference in spherical,cylindrical components,and the spherical equivalent between the 1-and 6-wk follow-up period in a group of 257 eyes that underwent uneventful phacoemulsification with foldable intraocular lens implantation,all performed by a single experienced *** Wilcoxon-Signed Rank Test was utilized to assess the magnitude of the change and determine its statistical *** refractive stability was defined as the point at which the change in spherical equivalent was within±0.5 dioptres for two consecutive *** The average age of the patients was 64.9±8.9 *** differences observed in both the visits in spherical power(0.1±0.2),cylinder power(0.3±0.4),and spherical equivalent(0.2±0.2)were minimal and not statistically *** majority of eyes(93.4%)achieved refractive stability within 6 wk after the *** cylindrical power differed between age groups at the 6th wk post-operative and the difference was statistically significant(P value 0.013).There were no significant differences in refractive stability when considering sex and axial *** Phacoemulsification with foldable intraocular lens implantation results in no significant changes in refraction for the majority of cases during the 6-wk follow-up ***,a spectacle prescription can be given at the completion of 1 wk.

关键词： Cataract surgery Phacoemulsification Refraction stability Visual acuity Spherical equivalent

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Maximizing Solar Potential Using the Differential Grey Wolf Algorithm for PV System Optimization

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Energy Engineering 2024年第8期121卷 2129-2142页

作者： Ezhilmathi Nagarathinam Buvana Devaraju Karthiyayini Jayamoorthy Padmavathi Radhakrishnan Santhana Lakshmi ChandraMohan Vijayakumar Perumal Karthikeyan balakrishnan Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Pandian Saraswathiyadav Engineering CollegeSivagangaiTamil Nadu630561India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Balaji Chockalingam Engineering CollegeArniTamil Nadu632317India Department of Information Science and Engineering New Horizon College of EngineeringBangalore560103India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Rajalakshmi Engineering CollegeChennaiTamil Nadu602105India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sona College of TechnologySalemTamil Nadu636005India School of Electronics Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennaiTamil Nadu600127India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Krishna College of Engineering and TechnologyCoimbatoreTamil Nadu641008India

Maximum Power Point Tracking(MPPT)is crucial for maximizing the energy output of photovoltaic(PV)systems by continuously adjusting the operating point of the panels to track the point of maximum power production under changing environmental *** work proposes the design of an MPPT system for solar PV installations using the Differential Grey Wolf Optimizer(DGWO).It dynamically adjusts the parameters of the MPPT controller,specifically the duty cycle of the SEPIC converter,to efficiently track the Maximum Power Point(MPP).The proposed system aims to enhance the energy harvesting capability of solar PV systems by optimizing their performance under varying solar irradiance,temperature and shading *** results demonstrate the effectiveness of the DGWO-based MPPT system in maximizing the power output of solar PV installations compared to conventional MPPT *** research contributes to the development of advanced MPPT techniques for improving the efficiency and reliability of solar energy systems.

关键词： DGWO SEPIC converter MPPT PV module

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Downwash airflow distribution pattern of hexa-copter unmanned aerial vehicles

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第4期17卷 24-34页

作者： Dengeru Yallappa Ramasamy Kavitha Allimuthu Surendrakumar Kannan Balaji balakrishnan Suthakar Ayyasamy Paramasivam Mohan Kumar Yathendranaik Ravi Narayananaik Ashoka Kumar Kavan Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering Agricultural Engineering College and Research InstituteTamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityCoimbatore

In recent times,the use of vertical take-off and landing(VTOL)multi-rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAVs)for spraying chemical pesticides against weeds and pests has recently become *** current aerial spray application research is primarily focused on examining the influence of UAV spraying parameters such as flight height,travel speed,rotor configuration,droplet size,payload and wind *** downwash airflow velocity generated by the UAV rotor propeller has a significant impact on the droplet deposition process.A test rig was developed to measure the downwash airflow pattern generated by the rotor propeller of a *** this investigation,a six-rotor electric autonomous UAV sprayer was used to investigate the parameters and distribution laws of downwash airflow *** downwash airflow velocity was measured using portable anemometers mounted on the test rig at radial positions viz.,0 m,0.5 m,1 m,1.5 m and 2 m,perpendicular to(X)and parallel to the UAV’s flight direction(Y).The experiment was conducted at three levels of hover height,viz.,1 m,2 m and 3 m(Z)and three levels of payload,viz.,0 kg,5 kg,and 10 *** special downwash airflow distribution pattern was analysed using the Python programming language(Version 3.7).Results show that the downwash airflow velocity generated by the radial position of the UAV rotor is evenly distributed on the rotating loop and the standard deviation of the downwash airflow velocity is less than 0.5 m/*** maximum downwash airflow velocity of 13.8 m/s was observed below the rotor at 10 kg payload capacity,1 m hover height(Z),and 0.5 m in the *** minimum downwash wind field of 0.3 m/s was observed at 0 kg pay load capacity,1 m height,and 2 m in the *** downwash airflow velocity along each position in the radial direction of the rotor increases initially and then *** downwash airflow distribution results helps in mounting of spray nozzle configuration to drone sprayer which helps to

关键词： downwash air payload rotor propeller flight height distribution analysis flight direction

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NDC-IVM:An automatic segmentation of optic disc and cup region from medical images for glaucoma detection

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2017年第3期10卷 118-132页

作者： Umarani balakrishnan Department of ECE Trichy Engineering College Sivagnanam NagarKonalaiTrichyTamil Nadu 621132India

Glaucoma is an eye disease that usually occurs with the increased Intra-Ocular Pressure(IOP),which damages the vision of ***,detecting and classifying Glaucoma is an important and demanding task in recent *** this purpose,some of the clustering and segmentation techniques are proposed in the existing ***,it has some drawbacks that include ineficient,inaccurate and estimates only the affected *** order to solve these issues,a Neighboring Differential Clustering(NDC)-Intensity V ariation Making(IVM)are proposed in this *** main intention of this work is to extract and diagnose the abnormal retinal image by identifying the optic *** work includes three stages such as,preprocessing,clustering and *** first,the given retinal image is preprocessed by using the Gaussian Mask Updated(GMU)model for eliminating the noise and improving the quality of the ***,the cluster is formed by extracting the threshold and patterns with the help of NDC *** the segmentation stage,the weight is calculated for pixel matching and ROI extraction by using the proposed IVM ***,the novelty is presented in the clustering and segmentation processes by developing NDC and IVM algorithms for accurate Glaucoma *** experiments,the results of both existing and proposed techniques are evaluated in terms of sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,Hausdorff distance,Jaccard and dice metrics.

关键词： Glaucoma detection optic disc Gaussian mask updated neighboring differential clustering intensity variation masking retinal image.

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Optimal Feature Extraction Using Greedy Approach for Random Image Components and Subspace Approach in Face Recognition

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2013年第2期28卷 322-328页

作者： Mathu Soothana S.Kumar Retna Swami Muneeswaran karuppiah Department of Information Technology Noorul Islam University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Mepco Schlenk Engineering College

An innovative and uniform framework based on a combination of Gabor wavelets with principal component analysis （PCA） and multiple discriminant analysis （MDA） is presented in this paper. In this framework, features are extracted from the optimal random image components using greedy approach. These feature vectors are then projected to subspaces for dimensionality reduction which is used for solving linear problems. The design of Gabor filters, PCA and MDA are crucial processes used for facial feature extraction. The FERET, ORL and YALE face databases are used to generate the results. Experiments show that optimal random image component selection （ORICS） plus MDA outperforms ORICS and subspace projection approach such as ORICS plus PCA. Our method achieves 96.25%, 99.44% and 100% recognition accuracy on the FERET, ORL and YALE databases for 30% training respectively. This is a considerably improved performance compared with other standard methodologies described in the literature.

关键词： face recognition multiple discriminant analysis optimal random image component selection principal com- ponent analysis recognition accuracy

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Representations for reliability functions of conditional coherent systems with INID components and ordered properties

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2015年第6期26卷 1316-1324页

作者： Zhengcheng Zhang Narayanaswamy balakrishnan School of Mathematics and Physics Lanzhou Jiaotong University Department of Mathematics and Statistics Mc Master University

This paper presents several useful mixture representations for the reliability function of the residual live of a coherent system with independent but non-identically distributed components. These presentations are based on order statistics, signatures and mean reliability functions. We then discuss some stochastic comparisons of residual lives between two systems based on the stochastic ordering of coefficient vectors （or components） of the two systems. These results form nice extensions of some known results for the case of independent and identically distributed components.

关键词： mixture independent but non-identically distributed(INID) stochastic order signature residual life mean reliabilityfunction order statistics.

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Om:One tool for many (Indian) languages

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2005年第11期6卷 1348-1353页

作者： GANAPATHIRAJU Madhavi balakrishnan Mini balakrishnan N. REDDY Raj Language Technologies Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USASupercomputer Education and Research Centre Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 IndiaSupercomputer Education and Research Centre Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 IndiaLanguage Technologies Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

Many different languages are spoken in India, each language being the mother tongue of tens of millions of people. While the languages and scripts are distinct from each other, the grammar and the alphabet are similar to a large extent. One common feature is that all the Indian languages are phonetic in nature. In this paper we describe the development of a translit- eration scheme Om which exploits this phonetic nature of the alphabet. Om uses ASCII characters to represent Indian language alphabets, and thus can be read directly in English, by a large number of users who cannot read script in other Indian languages than their mother tongue. It is also useful in computer applications where local language tools such as email and chat are not yet available. Another significant contribution presented in this paper is the development of a text editor for Indian languages that integrates the Om input for many Indian languages into a word processor such as Microsoft WinWord?. The text editor is also developed on Java? platform that can run on Unix machines as well. We propose this transliteration scheme as a possible standard for Indian language transliteration and keyboard entry.

关键词： Om transliteration Indian language technologies Text editor

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Universal Digital Library—Future research directions

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2005年第11期6卷 1204-1205页

作者： balakrishnan N. Supercomputer Education and Research Centre Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 India

This paper starts with a description of the present status of the Digital Library of India Initiative. As part of this initiative large corpus of scanned text is available in many Indian languages and has stimulated a vast amount of research in Indian language technology briefly described in this paper. Other than the Digital Library of India Initiative which is part of the Million Books to the Web Project initiated by Prof Raj Reddy of Carnegie Mellon University, there are a few more initiatives in India towards taking the heritage of the country to the Web. This paper presents the future directions for the Digital Library of India Initiative both in terms of growing collection and the technical challenges in managing such large collection poses.

关键词： Digital Library Search engines Language technology

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Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Musa *** extracts against multidrug resistant clinical pathogens causing nosocomial infection

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第9期3卷 737-742页

作者： Ponmurugan karuppiah Muhammed Mustaffa Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies Department of Botany and MicrobiologyCollege of and ScienceKing Saud University Department of Microbiology K.S.Rangasamy College of Arts and Science

Objective:To investigate different Musa *** extracts of hexane,ethyl acetate and methanol were evaluated for antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant pathogens causing nosocomial infection by agar well diffusion method and also antioxidant ***:The four different Musa species leaves were extracted with hexane,ethyl acetate and *** susceptibility test,minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum inhibitory bacterial concentration were determined by agar well diffusion *** phenolic content and in vitro antioxidant activity was ***:All the Musa *** showed moderate antibacterial activities expect Musa paradisiaca with the inhibition zone ranging from 8.0 to 18.6 *** four species ethyl acetate extracts of Musa paradisiaca showed highest activity against tested pathogens particularly ***,*** and Citrobacter *** minimum inhibitory concentrations were within the value of 15.63-250μg/*** minimum bactericidal concentrations were ranging from 31.25-250μg/*** activity of Musa acuminate exhibited maximum activity among other three Musa ***:The present study concluded that among the different Musa species,Musa paradisiaca displayed efficient antibacterial activity followed by Musa acuminata against multidrug resistant nosocomial infection causing ***,an extensive study is needed to identify the bioactive compounds,mode of action and toxic effect *** of Musa sp.

关键词： Musa Multi-drug resistant Nosocomial infection Antioxidant activity

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