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A clickable photoaffinity probe of betulinic acid identifies tropomyosin as a target

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第5期12卷 2406-2416页

作者： Pedro Martín-Acosta Qianli Meng John Klimek Ashok P.Reddy larry David Stefanie Kaech Petrie Bingbing X.li Xiangshu Xiao Program in Chemical Biology Department of Chemical Physiology and BiochemistryOregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOR 97239USA Proteomics Shared Resource Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOR 97239USA Knight Cancer Institute Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOR 97239USA Department of Neurology Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOR 97239USA

Target identification of bioactive compounds is important for understanding their mechanisms of action and provides critical insights into their therapeutic utility. While it remains a challenge,unbiased chemoproteomics strategy using clickable photoaffinity probes is a useful and validated approach for target identification. One major limitation of this approach is the efficient synthesis of appropriately substituted clickable photoaffinity probes. Herein, we describe an efficient and consistent method to prepare such probes. We further employed this method to prepare a highly stereo-congested probe based on naturally occurring triterpenoid betulinic acid. With this photoaffinity probe, we identified tropomyosin as a novel target for betulinic acid that can account for the unique biological phenotype on cellular cytoskeleton induced by betulinic acid.

关键词： Betulinic acid Cancer Diazirine Natural product Photoaffinity probe Tropomyosin

Solvation Structure and Dynamics of Mg(TFSI)_(2) Aqueous Electrolyte

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第1期5卷 295-304页

作者： Zhou Yu Taylor R.Juran Xinyi liu Kee Sung Han Hui Wang Karl T.Mueller lin Ma Kang Xu Tao li larry A.Curtiss Lei Cheng Materials Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemont IL 60439USA Joint Center for Energy Storage Research(JCESR) Lemont IL 60439USA Department of Physics Binghamton UniversityState University of New York4400 Vestal Parkway EastBinghamton NY 13902USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Northern Illinois UniversityDeKalb IL 60115USA Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichland WA 99352USA Energy&Environment Directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichland WA 99352USA Energy Storage Branch Energy and Biotechnology DivisionSensor and Electronics DirectorateU.S.Army Research LaboratoryAdelphi MD 20783USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Northern Illinois University DeKalb IL 60115 USA X-ray Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL 60439 USA

Using ab initio molecular dynamics(AIMD)simulations,classical molecular dynamics(CMD)simulations,small-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS),and pulsed-field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance(PFG-NMR),the solvation structure and ion dynamics of magnesium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide(Mg(TFSI)_(2))aqueous electrolyte at 1,2,and 3 m concentrations are *** AIMD and CMD simulations,the first solvation shell of an Mg;ion is found to be composed of six water molecules in an octahedral configuration and the solvation shell is rather *** TFSI^(-)ions prefer to stay in the second solvation shell and ***,the comparable diffusion coefficients of positive and negative ions in Mg(TFSI)_(2)aqueous electrolytes have been observed,which is mainly due to the formation of the stable[Mg(H_(2)O_(6))_(2)]^(+)complex,and,as a result,the increased effective Mg ion ***,the calculated correlated transference numbers are lower than the uncorrelated ones even at the low concentration of 2 and 3 m,suggesting the enhanced correlations between ions in the multivalent *** work provides a molecular-level understanding of how the solvation structure and multivalency of the ion affect the dynamics and transport properties of the multivalent electrolyte,providing insight for rational designs of electrolytes for improved ion transport properties.

关键词： Mg(TFSI)_(2)aqueous electrolyte molecular dynamics simulation pulsed-field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance small-angle X-ray scattering ion dynamics

Analysis of direct operating cost of wide-body passenger aircraft: A parametric study based on Hong Kong

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2019年第5期32卷 1222-1243页

作者： Minwoo LEE larry K.B.li Wenbin SONG Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Analysis of the Direct Operating Cost(DOC) of aircraft is an important step towards achieving financially sustainable aviation operations. However, the value of the DOC for different aircraft types and flight scenarios is not widely available. In this study, we perform a systematic analysis of the DOC of every wide-body passenger aircraft currently in production, using the method of the Association of European Airlines(AEA). The elements of the DOC, e.g. financial costs, maintenance costs, and flight costs, are evaluated individually. Several realistic flight scenarios are considered, each with differences in route distance, fuel price, passenger number, and seating arrangement. For each flight scenario, the most cost-efficient aircraft type is identified and evaluated in the context of operations from Hong Kong International Airport. The information provided in this study could be useful to airline operators and policy makers.

关键词： Association of European Airlines(AEA) method Aviation economics Cost efficiency Direct Operating Cost Wide-body aircraft

Contribution of biodiversity to ecosystem functioning:a non-equilibrium thermodynamic perspective

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Journal of Arid Land 2011年第1期3卷 71-74页

作者： Amit CHAKRABORTY B larry li Ecological Complexity and Modeling Laboratory Department of Botany and Plant SciencesUniversity of California XIEG-UCR International Center for Arid Land Ecology University of California

Ecosystem stays far from thermodynamic equilibrium. Through the interactions among biotic and abiotic components, and encompassing physical environments, ecosystem forms a dissipative struc- ture that allows it to dissipate energy continuously and thereby remains functional over time. Biotic regulation of energy and material fluxes in and out of the ecosystem allows it to maintain a homeostatic state which corresponds to a self-organized state emerged in a non-equilibrium thermodynamic system. While the associated self-organizational processes approach to homeostatic state, entropy （a measure of irre- versibility） degrades and dissipation of energy increases. We propose here that at a homeostatic state of ecosystem, biodiversity which includes both phenotypic and functional diversity, attains optimal values. As long as biodiversity remains within its optimal range, the corresponding homeostatic state is maintained. However, while embedded environmental conditions fluctuate along the gradient of accelerating changes, phenotypic diversity and functional diversity contribute inversely to the associated self-organizing proc- esses. Furthermore, an increase or decrease in biodiversity outside of its optimal range makes the eco- system vulnerable to transition into a different state.

关键词： ecosystem self-organization non-equilibrium thermodynamics functional diversity phenotypic diversity

Spatial organization of multiple plant species in arid ecosystems:linking patterns and processes

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Journal of Arid Land 2010年第1期2卷 9-13页

作者： Amit CHAKRABORTY B.larry li Ecological Complexity and Modeling Laboratory Department of Botany and Plant SciencesUniversity of California Center for Conservation Biology University of California XIEG-UCR International Center for Arid Land Ecology University of California

Spatial organization of multiple plant species that appears as a non-random distribution of vegetative patches is one of the mostly observed spatial patterns in arid ecosystems. Yet understanding of ecological processes allowing this spatial pattern to emerge through interspecific interactions is still lacking. With a proposed conceptual model involving interspecific trade-offs between species competitive ability and colonization ability, we have argued that within patch abundance dynamics regulated by the mechanisms of competition are strongly influenced by the between patches colonization dynamics that are maintained via this trade-offs and it holds a positive, intraspecific occupancy-abundance relationship, in which increased patch occupancy increases species density within inhabiting patches. In a constant environment, while local abundance dynamics approach toward a stable equilibrium point, a fixed spatial arrangement of species can be retained through this coupled dynamics. However, in fluctuating environments where existence of such stable equilibriums is highly uncertain, it may involve continuous transitions from one community state to another as species re-organized themselves over space through the rapid changes in local species abundances. While some of the inhabiting patches are destroyed exogenously or endogenously, or species responses to increasing environmental fluctuations vary increasingly with time, discontinuous transitions into an abrupt, irreversible state of the community dynamics may occur, as with this effect the inherent positive relationship between occupancy and abundance of species is no longer maintained.

关键词： spatial organization competition-colonization tradeoffs spatial coexistence occupancy-abundance relationship

Understanding China＇s Foreign Trade Policy： A literature Review

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Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2016年第3期11卷 410-438页

作者： Tan li larry Qiu Ying Xue School of International Business Southwestern University of Finance and Economics Chengdu 611130 China Faculty of Business and Economics The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

China has continued to experience rapid growth in its foreign trade since the implementation of its reform and opening-up policies. In recent years, the country has become the world＇s largest exporter and second largest importer of goods and commodities. China＇s trade policy has also gradually been transforming from protectionism to open trade. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive survey on the literature of China＇s trade policy. The review covers （1） export and import policies, （2） tariff and non-tariff barriers, and （3） policy effects and motivations behind the policy design. This paper also reports on important topics and issues that deserve more research attention.

关键词： trade trade policy reform China

IPR, Trade, FDI, and Technology Transfer

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Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2014年第4期9卷 529-555页

作者： Tan li larry D. Qiu Faculty of Business and Economics The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

In this survey, we discuss how intellectual property rights （IPR） protection in the South affects trade flows, foreign direct investment （FDI） flows, and technology transfers from the North to the South. We also discuss optimal IPR policies and their effect on innovation. Our discussion covers both theoretical studies and empirical evidence. This survey is both comprehensive and critical. It aims to give readers the current state of IPR and globalization literature. Some issues have been studied more thoroughly, whereas for others the surface has only been scratched upon. This survey gives readers a clearer picture of the literature and may help them find future research topics.

关键词： IPR trade FDI technology transfer

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生态模型在河口管理中的应用研究综述

水科学进展 2015年第5期26卷 739-751页

作者：申霞 B.larry li 南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室江苏南京210029 Ecological Complexity and Modeling Laboratory University of California at Riverside

河口作为河流和海洋的交汇地,具有生态交错带特性,其在自然和人类活动双重压力下发生着演变。生态模型是研究生态系统结构、功能及其时空演变规律以及生物过程对于生态系统的影响及其反馈机制的重要手段。采用不同方法对生态模型进行分... 详细信息

河口作为河流和海洋的交汇地,具有生态交错带特性,其在自然和人类活动双重压力下发生着演变。生态模型是研究生态系统结构、功能及其时空演变规律以及生物过程对于生态系统的影响及其反馈机制的重要手段。采用不同方法对生态模型进行分类,综述各类生态模型的特性、优缺点及应用领域。讨论建模过程中模型变量与函数、模型整合及时空尺度、模型参数取值及不确定等关键技术问题。分析各类生态模型在河口生态工程设计、生态系统修复、生态系统评价、系统决策支持等管理领域的应用。尽管中国河口生态模型构建及应用已有一些成果,但与国外相比,在理论生态学及数据积累方面仍有一定差距。

关键词：河口生态系统生态模型分类时空尺度人类活动海岸带综合管理

The architecture of the lower parts of submarine canyons on the western Nigerian continental margin

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2018年第7期37卷 28-40页

作者： JIMOH Rasheed Olayinka TANG Yong li Jiabiao AWOSIKA larry Folajimi li He AKINNIGBAGE Edward Akintoye ADELEYE Adedayo Oluwaseun Ocean College Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China Second Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic AdministrationHangzhou 310012China Key Laboratory Submarine Geosciences State Oceanic AdministrationHangzhou 310012China Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research Lagos PMB 12729Nigeria Commission on the limits of the Continental Shelf C/O Division of Ocean Affairs and Law of the SeaNew York 11101USA

Multi-beam,sub-bottom and multichannel seismic data acquired from the western Nigerian continental margin are analysed and interpreted to examine the architectural characteristics of the lower parts of the submarine canyons on the *** presence of four canyons： Avon,Mahin,Benin,and Escravos,are confirmed from the multi-beam data map and identified as cutting across the shelf and slope areas,with morphological features ranging from axial channels,moderate to high sinuosity indices,scarps,terraces and nickpoints which are interpreted as resulting from erosional and depositional activities within and around the *** Avon Canyon,in particular,is characterised by various branches and sub-branches with complex *** canyons are mostly U-shaped in these lower parts with occasional V-shapes down their *** typical orientation is NE–*** processes are proposed as being a major controlling factor in these *** appear to have been discharged directly into the canyons by rivers during the late Quaternary low sea level which allows river mouths to extend as far as the shelf *** current sediment supply is still primarily sourced from these rivers in the case of the Benin and Escravos Canyons,but indirectly in the case of the Avon and Mahin Canyons where the rivers discharge sediments into the lagoons and the lagoons bring the sediments on to the continental shelf before they are dispersed into the canyon *** canyons that have long been buried underneath the Avon Canyon are identified in the multichannel seismic profile across the head of the Avon Canyon,while a number of normal faults around the walls of the Avon and Mahin Canyons are observed in the selected sub-bottom *** occurrence of these faults,especially in the irregular portions of the canyon walls,suggests that they also have some effect on the canyon *** formation of the canyons is attributed to the exposure of the upper margina

关键词： western Nigerian continental margin submarine canyons architecture controlling factors sedimentary processes tectonic evolution