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基于INCOPAT数据库的彝族医药发明专利信息分析

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中草药 2024年第11期55卷 3927-3934页

作者：冯毅翀郑林胡奇志李悦鸣喻林夏颖贵州中医药大学贵州贵阳550025

彝族医药是我国独具特色的少数民族医药之一,分析彝族医药发明专利信息,对促进彝族医药现代转型意义重大。运用INCOPAT数据库,检索全球彝族医药发明专利,在进行扩展同族合并后,整理64件专利信息,对专利技术总体发展趋势、专利申请数量... 详细信息

彝族医药是我国独具特色的少数民族医药之一,分析彝族医药发明专利信息,对促进彝族医药现代转型意义重大。运用INCOPAT数据库,检索全球彝族医药发明专利,在进行扩展同族合并后,整理64件专利信息,对专利技术总体发展趋势、专利申请数量与时间、专利法律与运营状态、申请人类型及地域分布、申请人专利价值、专利技术构成、专利技术功效及其价值等内容进行可视化图表分析。分析表明,彝族医药发明专利技术处于成长阶段,年申请量和申请人数量均呈持续增长趋势,但专利申请质量较低;当前全球彝族医药研发以中国为主,尤其是云南省楚雄彝族自治州专利申请最为活跃,而专利申请人类型以企业、个人和大专院校为主,机关团体和科研单位成果转化水平较低;彝族医药专利集中在医药制造业,热点技术领域为医用、牙科用或梳妆用的配制品,及化合物或药物制药的治疗活性,技术功效价值度较高的包括安全提高、复杂性降低、效率提高、速度提高和成本降低等,而提取分离技术是当前彝族医药研发和专利保护的技术缺口。为促进彝族医药发明专利科学布局,推进彝族医药创新与现代转型,应构建川滇黔资源共享和科技创新合作的新格局,增强科研单位、大专院校、机关团体与企业之间的专利技术合作;在加强热点领域的同时,需要加大彝族医药提取分离技术的研发力度,更多地涉及化妆品或类似梳妆用配制品的特定用途等其他领域,并与专用设备制造业等其他制造领域的先进技术进行融合创新。

关键词： INCOPAT数据库彝族医药发明专利技术主题现代转型

混杂钢纤维超高性能混凝土轴拉力学性能及本构模型

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复合材料学报 2024年第1期41卷 383-394页

作者：王秋维梁林史庆轩西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院西安710055

通过单轴受拉试验,研究了平直型(短直、长直)和端钩钢纤维混掺的超高性能混凝土(Ultra-high performance concrete,UHPC)轴心受拉力学性能,基于试验结果分析了钢纤维掺量和混杂配比对UHPC抗拉强度、应变能力、韧性等的影响。结果表明:U... 详细信息

通过单轴受拉试验,研究了平直型(短直、长直)和端钩钢纤维混掺的超高性能混凝土(Ultra-high performance concrete,UHPC)轴心受拉力学性能,基于试验结果分析了钢纤维掺量和混杂配比对UHPC抗拉强度、应变能力、韧性等的影响。结果表明:UHPC轴拉试件发生多缝延性破坏,且宏观主裂缝的倾斜、弯曲程度随端钩纤维的混掺越发明显;混杂短直和端勾钢纤维UHPC的轴拉性能随着端勾纤维掺量的增大而显著提升,而混掺长直和端勾钢纤维UHPC的轴拉性能呈相反变化趋势;混杂钢纤维在UHPC受拉过程中呈现出逐级、分层次、相互作用的阻裂增韧特点,短直和端钩钢纤维掺量均为1.0vol%的UHPC轴拉力学性能最佳,其抗拉强度、应变能力和韧性同比单掺短直纤维试件分别提高28.2%、147%和31.1%。基于实测轴拉应力-应变曲线分析,提出了考虑纤维相互作用和纤维增强因子的混杂钢纤维UHPC轴拉本构模型,与相关试验曲线吻合良好,可用于预测UHPC受拉应力-应变关系。

关键词： UHPC 混杂钢纤维应力-应变曲线轴拉力学性能本构模型

Critical Thinking Cultivation of Students in Physics Classroom Teaching of Middle School

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Critical Thinking Cultivation of Students in Physics Classro...

2024社会发展与科技创新交流会

作者： Ziyue Yang Rong Wei Yu lin Dehao Ma Yi Jin School of Physics and Technology University of Jinan

Criticalness is the most basic quality of creative thinking, and it plays an extremely important role in both scientific development and people's study and life. Therefore, cultivating students' critical thinking has become a major task of teaching today. From the perspective of educational psychology, thinking is triggered and promoted by *** through questions can students begin to doubt, reflect and think, and form critical thinking. There are many theories in physics that are interlinked. By clarifying the process of the generation of physical theories, students can produce a clear and orderly framework of physical knowledge, and critical thinking just has this kind of functions. Cultivating students' critical thinking ability can not only increase their understanding of physical knowledge, but also improve their learning initiative. However, in the classroom teaching of middle school physics, there are still a lot of problems in cultivating students' critical and creative thinking, which needs to be analyzed from many aspects. While cultivating students' critical thinking, teachers also need to explore a lot of methods related to critical thinking to improve their own quality. On the basis of expounding the significance, application and cultivation strategies of critical thinking, this paper puts forward how to cultivate students' critical thinking by analyzing questions in classroom teaching, guide students to break the traditional thinking, promote them to understand knowledge and improve creativity.

关键词： Middle school physic classroom teaching critical thinking creativity lifelong learning

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结冰风洞小流量发动机进气部件防冰试验技术

航空动力学报 2024年第4期39卷 1-7页

作者：冉林熊建军赵照易贤中国空气动力研究与发展中心结冰与防除冰重点实验室四川绵阳621000 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空气动力学国家重点实验室四川绵阳621000

为满足国产航空发动机小流量进气防冰试验的需求,基于结冰风洞的发动机进气模拟系统,分析了典型小流量发动机进气部件的进气特征,开展了小流量发动机进气模拟方法研究。提出采用水环真空泵解决了大流阻进气导致吸气管道压力大幅度降低问... 详细信息

为满足国产航空发动机小流量进气防冰试验的需求,基于结冰风洞的发动机进气模拟系统,分析了典型小流量发动机进气部件的进气特征,开展了小流量发动机进气模拟方法研究。提出采用水环真空泵解决了大流阻进气导致吸气管道压力大幅度降低问题,在此基础上,优化了发动机进气模拟系统,建立了在结冰风洞开展小流量发动机进气部件防冰试验的流程,并应用于某型号小流量发动机进气部件防冰试验。结果表明:发动机进气模拟系统满足小流量发动机进气部件防冰试验要求,进气流量控制精度达到±0.05 kg/s(±0.33%FS),试验过程中的流量变化可用于辨别防冰效果。相关研究为发动机进气模拟系统设计、优化和小流量发动机进气部件的防冰特性考核提供了参考依据。

关键词：结冰风洞发动机进气模拟系统小流量发动机进气部件防冰试验进气流量

百年未有之大变局下全球能源供应链和贸易格局重塑及中国对策研究

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价格月刊 2024年第9期 88-94页

作者：朱琳牟晓伟长春师范大学经济管理学院吉林长春130032 长春人文学院吉林长春130117

当前,世界正处于百年未有之大变局,能源供应链与贸易架构正经历调整与重塑。俄乌冲突、巴以冲突及中美贸易摩擦等一系列事件,将威胁能源供应链的稳定性,对中国的能源安全构成挑战,但也为中国参与全球能源贸易治理提供了难得的机遇。因此... 详细信息

当前,世界正处于百年未有之大变局,能源供应链与贸易架构正经历调整与重塑。俄乌冲突、巴以冲突及中美贸易摩擦等一系列事件,将威胁能源供应链的稳定性,对中国的能源安全构成挑战,但也为中国参与全球能源贸易治理提供了难得的机遇。因此,中国应坚守本土能源生产大国的战略定位,积极推进能源运输通道建设,稳妥推动人民币国际化,并坚定不移地扩大市场开放。中国将能够更加从容地应对全球能源供应链和贸易格局的重组,进而提升在国际能源贸易中的话语权和影响力,更有效地保障国家能源安全。

关键词：百年未有之大变局能源供应链能源贸易贸易格局重塑

三轴剪切条件下水泥胶结砂声发射特征信息演化规律研究

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中南大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第2期55卷 618-627页

作者：刘昂张尔康林文丽南京工业大学交通运输工程学院江苏南京211816 南京智慧岩土工程技术研究院有限公司江苏南京211899 东南大学交通学院江苏南京211189

结合声发射(AE)传感装置开展考虑水泥掺入比、围压等条件的水泥胶结砂排水三轴试验。研究结果表明:水泥胶结砂的AE特征信息演化规律与应力-应变曲线具有较好的对应性;累计AE事件随水泥掺入比的增大而减小,这与水化物的增加抑制了砂颗粒... 详细信息

结合声发射(AE)传感装置开展考虑水泥掺入比、围压等条件的水泥胶结砂排水三轴试验。研究结果表明:水泥胶结砂的AE特征信息演化规律与应力-应变曲线具有较好的对应性;累计AE事件随水泥掺入比的增大而减小,这与水化物的增加抑制了砂颗粒间滑移密切相关;随围压增大,累计AE事件增大,同时促进了AE信号在介质中的传播和胶结的断裂;随着水泥掺入比增加、围压降低,水泥胶结砂破坏形态由鼓胀破坏逐渐向剪切带破坏过渡。

关键词：声发射水泥胶结砂水泥掺入比三轴剪切破坏模式

Co-inoculation of Streptomyces salinarius and Bacillus halodurans Enhances the Biocontrol Effects Against Damping off of Pinus by Manipulating Rhizosphere Microbial Community

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Co-inoculation of Streptomyces salinarius and Bacillus halod...

PE-Cd复合污染土壤中Cd释放迁移特征及机制

中国植物病理学会2024年学术年会

作者： WANG Haixia LI Chunli WANG Siyang FU lin ZHU Chunyu School of Life Sciences Liaoning University

Damping-off is a worldwide disease in forest nurseries caused by Fusarium *** genera of Bacillus and Streptomyces are popularly used as the biological control agents for damping-off diseases ***,there are few reports involving the combined use of these two *** study aimed to screen the compatible interactive Bacillus *** Streptomyces *** control damping-off of pine seedlings,and to investigate the colonization ability of strains in plant rhizosphere and the effect of single and co-inoculation on soil microbiome by fluorescence quantitative PCR and high-throughput sequencing,*** vitro experiments showed that Streptomyces salinarius Lnu-12 and Bacillus halodurans Lnu-20 strongly inhibit the growth of *** and they are compatible with each *** biofilm and motility assays,the results suggested that the biofilm of Lnu-20 was significantly increased when co-cultured with Lnu-12,while Lnu-20 contributed to the migration of *** pot experiment indicated that co-inoculation of Lnu-12 and Lnu-20(12+20)displayed an improved control efficacy against damping off of pine seedlings compared with the single-inoculation of Lnu-12(12) and Lnu-20(20),as well as significantly promoted the growth of pine *** abundance of Lnu-12 and Lnu-20 was obviously higher and the abundance of *** was significantly reduced in the 12+20 treatment than 12 and 20 treatment in pine seedlings rhizosphere soil,***,co-inoculated treatment altered the composition and structure of the microbial community and enriched beneficial bacteria in rhizosphere soil compared with the single-inoculated *** conclusion,co-inoculation of *** Lnu-12 and *** Lnu-20 could effectively control the damping-off disease and promoted the growth of pine seedlings by colonizing the plant rhizosphere and manipulating microbial *** may provide theoretical guidance and technical support for t

关键词： pine seedlings damping-off co-inoculation microbial community

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环境科学 2024年第2期45卷 1069-1079页

作者：王迪徐绍辉邵明艳林青青岛大学环境科学与工程学院青岛266071 青岛地质工程勘察院(青岛地质勘查开发局) 青岛266101

微塑料广泛分布于土壤环境中,不仅改变了土壤的理化性质还可富集重金属等污染物,进而影响它们在环境中的归趋.目前,有关微塑料对土壤中重金属运移影响的作用机制尚不清晰.选取聚乙烯(PE)微塑料和Cd为研究对象,在明确PE对Cd^(2+)吸附作... 详细信息

微塑料广泛分布于土壤环境中,不仅改变了土壤的理化性质还可富集重金属等污染物,进而影响它们在环境中的归趋.目前,有关微塑料对土壤中重金属运移影响的作用机制尚不清晰.选取聚乙烯(PE)微塑料和Cd为研究对象,在明确PE对Cd^(2+)吸附作用机制的基础上,通过土柱淋溶实验研究了不同离子强度和类型(Ca^(2+)、Na^(+))下,PE含量和粒径对土壤中Cd释放迁移行为的影响.结果表明,PE对Cd^(2+)的吸附能力随粒径的增大而降低,以物理吸附为主,受颗粒内扩散过程控制.PE对Cd释放迁移的影响与CaCl_(2)浓度有关,高离子强度下(0.05 mol·L^(-1)和0.1 mol·L^(-1)),PE促进了Cd^(2+)的迁移,Cd^(2+)的出流浓度分别由6.48 mg·L^(-1)和16.79 mg·L^(-1)升高到7.12 mg·L^(-1)和23.45 mg·L^(-1);低离子强度下(0.01 mol·L^(-1))抑制了Cd的迁移,Cd^(2+)的出流浓度由0.66 mg·L^(-1)降低至0.57 mg·L^(-1);且PE添加量越大,促进或抑制作用越显著.同时,Cd的释放迁移也受PE粒径和含量的影响,当添加量较小(1%、4%)时,大粒径对Cd^(2+)迁移的促进效果更加显著;而当添加量较大(7%和20%)时,小粒径更易促进Cd^(2+)的迁移.当淋溶液为NaCl时,土壤的渗透性显著降低,PE对Cd的迁移无显著影响,但改变了土壤团聚体的稳定性.总之,微塑料改变了土壤中Cd的释放迁移行为,作用结果不仅与微塑料的粒径和含量有关,还受土壤溶液化学性质的影响.

关键词：聚乙烯(PE) 微塑料吸附镉(Cd) 淋溶迁移土壤

Multi-omics analysis of attenuated variant reveals potential evaluation marker of host damaging for SARS-CoV-2 variants

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 83-95页

作者： Guangshan Xie lin Zhu Siwen Liu Cun Li Xin Diao Yanhao Zhang Xiuli Su Yuanyuan Song Guodong Cao Li Zhong Pui Wang Xiaojuan Liu Bobo Wing-Yee Mok Shusheng Zhang Dong-Yan Jin Jie Zhou Honglin Chen Zongwei Cai State key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong SARChina State key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina College of Chemistry Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina HKBU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Continuing Education Shenzhen 518000China

SARS-CoV-2 continues to threaten human society by generating novel variants via mutation and *** high number of mutations that appeared in emerging variants not only enhanced their immune-escaping ability but also made it difficult to predict the pathogenicity and virulence based on viral nucleotide *** markers for evaluating the pathogenicity of new variants are therefore *** comparing host responses to wild-type and variants with attenuated pathogenicity at proteome and metabolome levels,six key molecules on the polyamine biosynthesis pathway including putrescine,SAM,dc-SAM,ODC1,SAMS,and SAMDC were found to be differentially upregulated and associated with pathogenicity of *** validate our discovery,human airway organoids were subsequently used which recapitulates SARS-CoV-2 replication in the airway epithelial cells of COVID-19 *** ODC1 as a proof-ofconcept,differential activation of polyamine biosynthesis was found to be modulated by the renin-angiotensin system(RAS)and positively associated with ACE2 *** experiments demonstrated that ODC1 expression could be differentially activated upon a panel of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern(VOCs)and was found to be correlated with each VOCs’pathogenic ***,the presented study revealed the discriminative ability of key molecules on polyamine biosynthesis as a predictive marker for virulence evaluation and assessment of SARS-CoV-2 variants in cell or organoid *** work,therefore,presented a practical strategy that could be potentially applied as an evaluation tool for the pathogenicity of current and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 multi-omics attenuated variant predictive pathogenic marker polyamine biosynthesis