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Reservoir Characterization of Carbonate in Low Resistivity Pays Zones in the Buwaib Formation, Persian Gulf

Open Journal of Geology 2017年第9期7卷 1441-1451页

作者： Bita Arbab Davood Jahani bahram movahed Department of Geology Basic Science Faculty North Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran

Carbonate reservoir characterization and estimation of fluid saturation seem more challenging in the low resistivity pay zone (LRPZ). The Lower Cretaceous Buwaib Formation is important reservoir in the Persian Gulf. The formation in the Salman Field is divided into three reservoir zones and four barriers and tight zones. These reservoir zones show low resistivity characteristics, high fluid saturation, but good oil production. In some intervals resistivity responses reach less than 1 ohm•m. Petrophysical properties measured from laboratory and logging tools have been combined with thin section X-ray diffraction (XRD) and PNN (Pulse Neutron Neutron). Geological studies define presence of 8 facies from wackeston to packstone. In general, reservoir potential of the Buwaib Formation is under influenced by the development of lithocodium mound facies that along with moderate to high porosity intervals. Micritization and pyritization of digenetic process along with clay-coated grains, carbonate with interstitial dispersed clay have conspicuous impact on LRPZ. Based on XRD analysis, Montmorillonite and Kaolinite of main clays types have high CEC and greater impact on lowering resistivity. To describe pore systems of rocks, the Lønøy method applied to address pore throat sizes which contain mudstone micro porosity related to lithocodium mound facies and uniform interparticle at class 3 Lucia as pore size varies from 0.2 to 10 micron. Some constraints were defined to estimate reliable water saturation that checked by sigma logs. Water saturation is 42%, 34% and 40% respectively in BL1, BL2 and BL3 zones.

关键词： Low-Resistivity Pay Buwaib Formation Water Saturation Clay Types Pore Systems

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Reservoir Characterization and Pore Type Systems of Carbonate Low Resistivity Pay in Persian Gulf

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Open Journal of Geology 2017年第6期7卷 859-870页

作者： Bita Arbab Davod Jahani bahram movahed Department of Geology Basic Science FacultyNorth Tehran BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran

The main focus of study is to characterize lower and upper cretaceous carbonate deposits with Low Resistivity Pay, in Persian Gulf. Four oil reservoirs in the Cretaceous including the Zubair, Buwaib, Shuaiba and Khatiyah Formations of Southern fields have been analyzed. Here is a look at that to determine main factors on decreasing resistivity in pay zone. In some intervals resistivity responses reach less than 6 to 1 ohm·m. Significant hydrocarbon accumulations are “hidden” in low resistivity Pay zone, (LRPZ). LRPZ reservoirs have been found in some formations in Persian Gulf. Causes of LRPZ reservoirs on the basis of experimental analysis include clay-coated grains, carbonate with interstitial dispersed clay. On the other side Smectite and Kaolinite of main clays types have high CEC and greater impact on lowering resistivity. Micritization and Pyritization of digenetic process have noticeable impact on LRPZ. It is mentioned that Lønøy method applied to address pore throat sizes which contain Inter crystalline porosity, Chalky Limestone, Mudstone micro porosity. Pore systems are classified at class 2 and 3 Lucia and pore size varies from 0.5 to 4 micron. NMR Core and Log results show different pore size distribution. NMR core and MRIL results explain that decreasing of resistivity in pay zone is related to texture and grain size variation not being existence of moved water. Irreducible water estimate for this reservoir was between 30% and 50%. T2 cut off estimates, for defining irreducible water saturation, 115 ms.

关键词： Clay Types CEC Micritization Low Resistivity Pay Zone Lucia Lonoy Method NMR Pore Size and Irreducible Water

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Provenance and Tectonic Setting of Late Lower Cretaceous (Albian) Kazhdumi Formation Sandstones (SW Iran)

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Open Journal of Geology 2016年第8期6卷 721-739页

作者： Bijan Noori Nader Kohansal Ghadimvand bahram movahed Mohammadreza Yousefpour North Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran Iranian Offshore Oil Company Tehran Iran

Provenance and tectonic setting of the Late Lower Cretaceous (Albian) sandstones in SW Iran have been interpreted on the basis of geochemistry (major and trace elements) of 35 samples from Iranian offshore oil fields (Soroosh, Nowrooz, Foroozan and Hendijan). Geochemically, trace-element concentrations, such as La, Th, Sc and Zr, and ratios, such as La/Sc, Th/Sc, La/Co, and Th/Co, of sandstones from Kazhdumi Formation at four localities indicate that they were derived from felsic source rocks and deposited in a passive continental margin. Most major and trace element contents of Kazhdumi sandstones are generally similar to upper continental crust (UCC) values. However, some samples are depleted in major and trace elements (such as K2O, Na2O, Sr and Ba) relative to UCC, which is mainly due to absence or smaller amount of Na-rich plagioclase and K-feldspar and also paucity of clay minerals, which is possibly due to intense weathering and recycling. Enrichments in Zr, negative Sr anomalies and Th/U ratios higher than 4 for Kazhdumi sandstones are further evidence for recycled sources. The study of paleoweathering conditions based on chemical index of weathering (CIW) indicates a moderate to intense weathering of first cycle sediments, or it may alternatively reflect recycling under semi-arid to semi-humid climate conditions in Kazhdumi sandstones. The results of this study suggest that the main source for the Kazhdumi sandstones is likely located in uplifted shoulders of a rifted basin (Neo-Tethys) in its post-rift stage (Arabian basement).

关键词： Provenance Geochemistry Tectonic Setting Albian Kazhdumi Formation Burgan SW Iran

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Sedimentology and depositional environment of the Kazhdumi Formation Sandstones in the northwestern area of the Persian Gulf

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Open Journal of Geology 2016年第11期6卷 1401-1422页

作者： Bijan Noori Nader Kohansal Ghadimvand bahram movahed Mohammadreza Yousefpour North Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran Iranian Offshore Oil Company Tehran Iran

Kazhdumi is one of the Bangestan Group formations aging late early Cretaceous (Albian). Three subsurface sections of the sandstone bearing part of Kazhdumi in the studied area located at northwest of the Persian Gulf are assessed for determining sedimentary facies and depositional environment. Based on the recognized facies, the sandstone bearing zones of Kazhdumi and their relevant paleoenvironments can be addressed as: first one is the B sandstone zone containing thick sandstone layers alternating with shale and siltstone thin layers which are deposited by river influenced conditions because of the characteristics like: cross bedding, oxidized constituents and palesol. The second one, the A sandstone zone which is deposited under a key limestone layer, is composed of sand/sandstone layers with marine features and presents the interaction of marine-river condition in deltaic channels. This zone, is a transition interval showing the changes of river-dominated condition to marine one. The third one is the A sandstone zone deposited above the key limestone layer containing fine grained laminated siliciclastic and chemical sediments. Alternation of distal channel facies and green marine shale of delta containing glauconite, pyrite and organic matter residuals, all confirm the reduction condition in estuarine environment. Applying facies analyses results, isopach maps, porosity distribution maps and sandstone grain size study, the paleocurrent pattern is determined from the southwest to northeast.

关键词： Kazhdumi Formation Sedimentary Facies Paleoenvironment Paleocurrent Persian Gulf

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Managing underground legal boundaries in 3D-extending the CityGML standard

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Underground Space 2024年第1期14卷 239-262页

作者： bahram Saeidian Abbas Rajabifard Behnam Atazadeh Mohsen Kalantari The Centre for Spatial Data Infrastructures and Land Administration Department of Infrastructure EngineeringThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia

Legal boundaries are used for delineating the spatial extent of ownership property’s *** underground environments,these boundaries are defined by referencing physical objects,surveying measurements,or ***,there is a gap in connecting and managing these boundaries and underground legal spaces,due to a lack of data model.A 3D data model supporting underground land administration(ULA)should define and model these boundaries and the relationships between them and underground ownership *** 3D data models can be enriched to model underground legal *** research aims to propose a new taxonomy of underground legal boundaries and model them by extending CityGML,which is a widely used 3D data model in the geospatial science *** developed,implemented,and tested the model for different types of underground legal *** implemented prototype showcased the potential benefits of CityGML for managing underground legal boundaries in *** proposed 3D underground model can be used to address current challenges associated with communicating and managing legal boundaries in underground *** this data model was specifically developed for Victoria,Australia,the proposed model and approach can be used and replicated in other jurisdictions by adjusting the data requirements for underground legal boundaries.

关键词： Underground Legal boundaries Land administration 3D data model City model

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Statistical evaluation and optimization of zinc electrolyte hot purification process by Taguchi method

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Journal of Central South University 2015年第6期22卷 2066-2072页

作者： bahram Behnajady Javad Moghaddam Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Department Advanced Material Research CentreSahand University of Technology Tabriz

The neutral zinc sulfate solution obtained from hydrometallurgical process of Angouran zinc concentrate has cadmium, nickel and cobalt impurities, that must be purified before electrowinning. Therefore, cadmium and nickel are usually cemented out by addition of zinc dust and remained nickel and cobalt cemented out at second stage with zinc powder and arsenic trioxide. In this research, a new approach is described for determination of effective parameters and optimization of zinc electrolyte hot purification process using statistical design of experiments. The Taguchi method based on orthogonal array design（OAD） has been used to arrange the experimental runs. The experimental conditions involved in the work are as follows： the temperature range of 70-90 ℃ for reaction temperature（T）, 30-90 min for reaction time（t）, 2-4 g/L for zinc powder mass concentration（M）, one to five series for zinc dust particle size distributions（S1-S5）, and 0.1-0.5 g/L（C） for arsenic trioxide mass concentration. Optimum conditions for hot purification obtained in this work are T4（85 ℃）, t4=75 min, M4=3.5 g/L, S4（Serie 4）, and C2=0.2 g/L.

关键词： taguchi method hot purification nickel cobalt arsenic trioxide

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Spin-valley Hall conductivity of doped ferromagnetic silicene under strain

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第1期26卷 410-416页

作者： bahram Shirzadi Mohsen Yarmohammadi Department of Physics Razi University Kermanshah Iran Young Researchers and Elite Club Kermanshah Branch Islamic Azad University Kermanshah Iran

The spin-valley Hall conductivity（SHC-VHC） of two-dimensional material ferromagnetic graphene＇s silicon analog,silicene, is investigated in the presence of strain within the Kubo formalism in the context of the Kane–Mele *** Dirac cone approximation has been used to investigate the dynamics of carriers under the strain along the armchair（AC） direction. In particular, we study the effect of external static electric field on these conductivities under the *** the presence of the strain, the carriers have a larger effective mass and the transport decreases. Our findings show that SHC changes with respect to the direction of the applied electric field symmetrically while VHC increases ***, the reflection symmetry of the structure has been broken with the electric field and a phase transition occurs to topological insulator for strained ferromagnetic silicene. A critical strain is found in the presence of the electric field around 45%. SHC（VHC） decreases（increases） for strains smaller than this value symmetrically while it increases（decreases） for strains larger than one.

关键词： ferromagnetic silicene Kubo formalism strain spin-valley conductivity

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Determination of Vanadyl Porphyrins by Liquid-liquid Microextraction and Nano-baskets of p-tert-Calix[4]arene Bearing Di-[N-(X)sulfonye Carboxamide] and Di-(1-propoxy) in Ortho-cone Conformation

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2012年第5期28卷 807-813页

作者： MOKHTARI bahram POURABDOLLAH Kobra Razi Chemistry Research Center(RCRC) Shahreza Branch Islamic Azad University

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction technique was introducd to remove the centrifuging step and conduct inclusion microextraction of charged porphyrins by nano-baskets. For nano-baskets of p-tert-calix[4]arene bearing di-[N-（X）sulfonyl carboxamide] and di-（1-propoxy） in ortho-cone conformation was synthesized and used. The related parameters including ligand concentration, the volume of water disperser, salt effect, and extraction time were optimized. The linear range, detection limit（S/N=3） and precision（RSD, n=6） were determined to be 0.2―50, 0.07 μg/L and 5.3%, respectively. The results reveal that the new approach is competitive analytical tool and an alternative of the traditional methods in the crude oil and related systems.

关键词： Nano-basket Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction Vanadyl porphyrin Calixarene

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Determination of Dioxins in Blood Using Nano-baskets Doped in Emulsion Liquid Membranes

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2013年第1期29卷 30-36页

作者： MOKHTARI bahram POURABDOLLAH Kobra Razi Chemistry Research Center(RCRC) Shahreza Branch Islamic Azad University Shahreza Iran

Extraction of dioxins from blood samples was carried out by inclusion-facilitated emulsion liquid membrane process. The novelty of this work is the application of nano-baskets of calixarene and emulsion liquid membranes in the selective and efficient preconcentration of dioxin. For this aim, four derivatives ofp-tert-calix[4]arene bearing different sulfonamide moieties were synthesized and their inclusion-extraction parameters were optimized including the calixarene＇s scaffold and concentration（as the carrier/demulsifier）, the diluent type in membrane, the phase and the treat ratio, mixing speed, and initial solute concentration. Determinations were followed by a gas chromatograph and the results reveal that under the optimized operating conditions, the preconcentration of dioxins was improved and the method achieved lower limit of detections（LODs）. Under optimal conditions, the figures of merits were determined to be LOD 1.0 pg/L, dynamic range 0.6--112.0 pg/L, RSD 5.5%（n=5）, and the maximum enrichment factor and recovery were determined to be 3.3 and 99%, respectively.

关键词： Nano-basket Dioxin Inclusion Calixarene Emulsion liquid membrane

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Separation of Salbutamol by Nano-baskets of Calix[4]arene Bearing Sulfonyl-carboxamides in Partial-cone Conformation

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2012年第6期28卷 1112-1118页

作者： MOKHTARI bahram POURABDOLLAH Kobra Razi Chemistry Research Center(RCRC) Shahreza BranchIslamic Azad University

Salbutamol,which increases the muscle mass and decreases the adipose tissue,is misused as nutrient repartitioning agent in the *** novelty of this work is the determination of salbutamol in the livestock meat via new bonded-phases bearing eight derivatives of p-tert-calix[4]arene in partial-cone *** new synthesized bonded-phases were characterized and *** bonding interactions of solute and stationary-phases were examined and the main interactions were *** salbutamol levels in six samples of livestock meat were analyzed and the results reveal that for the best bonded-phases,the limit of detection（LOD） and limit of quantitation（LOQ） were 0.02 and 0.06 μg/mL,respectively.

关键词： Nano-basket Bonded-phase Partial-cone conformation Calixarene Salbutamol

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