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Phytopigments, Proline, Chlorophyll Index, Yield and Leaf Nitrogen as Impacted by Rootstock, Training System, and Girdling in “Aztec Fuji” Apple

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第9期10卷 1583-1598页

作者： Esmaeil fallahi Shahla Mahdavi Clive Kaiser bahar fallahi Pomology and Viticulture Program Department of Plant Sciences Parma Research and Extension Center University of Ida-ho Parma USA Umatilla County Extension Oregon State University Milton-Freewater OR USA

World overpopulation, scarcity of water and finite arable land mandate a more efficient use of these natural resources. To remain sustainable, modern-day apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) fruit production utilizes high-density orchards on semi-dwarfing, precocious rootstocks. Nonetheless, little attention has been paid to the use of size-controlling practices such as trunk girdling in these modern orchard systems. The impact of two rootstocks, two tree architecture (training) systems, and three levels of girdling (in spring) on chlorophyll index (CI), proline, chlorophyll content (Chl;a, b, a + b), carotenoids, anthocyanin, yield, fruit weight and leaf nitrogen (N) in “Aztec Fuji” were studied in 2015 and 2016. Trees on “Bud 9” had up to 5% higher chlorophyll indices in leaves on side branches than those on “Nic 29” at each sampling time in 2015 and 2016. However, trees on “Nic 29” had up to 5.5% chlorophyll index in terminal branches, 14% higher Chl b, 54% higher leaf proline in 2015, up to 5% higher leaf nitrogen (N) in 2015 and 2016, 82% higher yields in 2015, and up to 7% higher fruit weight in 2015 and 2016 than those on “Bud 9”. Trees trained into a central leader (CL) architecture had up to 6% higher chlorophyll index and 4% higher leaf N in terminal branches 2015 and 2016, 43% more terminal leaf proline content in 2015, but 13% less yield in 2016 than those with a tall spindle training (TS). Terminal leaves from trees receiving a bark girdling in 2015 (BG15) had up to 6.5% lower leaf N, 7% less chlorophyll index, and between 27% to 56% lower proline content than those from the ungirdled check and score girdled treatment in 2015 (SG15). Also, trees with BG15 and a bark girdling in both 2015 and 2016 (BG1516) treatments had significantly less leaf N concentration than all other treatments or the ungirdled check. Trees that were score girdled in 2015 and repeat score girdled in 2016 (SG1516) had 21% higher yield and 12% higher fruit weight than those that were ung

关键词： Canopy Architecture Cambium Ringing Growth Control High Density Orchards Malus x domestica

Branched Secondary Alcohol Ethoxylate, Ammonium Thiosulfate, Calcium Polysulfides-Thiosulfate, and Fish Oil Effects on Blossom Thinning, Fruit Set and Quality of Peaches and Nectarines

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2020年第12期11卷 1918-1933页

作者： Esmaeil fallahi Amir A. Khoddamzadeh bahar fallahi Shahla Mahdavi Parma Research and Extension Center Department of Plant Sciences University of Idaho Parma ID USA Department of Earth & Environment Institute of Environment Florida International University Miami FL USA

Total crop load has an inverse relationship with fruit size, while larger fruit size is often demanded by the peach and nectarine markets. Hand-thinning is extremely expensive, and thus, crop load adjustment, using blossom thinners is a crucial practice to ensure production of commercially acceptable fruit size and yield efficiency in stone fruit. In this study, the influence of branched secondary alcohol ethoxylate (Tergitol TMN-6) and/or ammonium thiosulfate (ATS), Crocker Fish Oil (FO), and a mixture of calcium polysulfides and thiosulfate (lime sulfur) on fruit set and quality attributes in peaches (Prunus persica) and nectarines (P. persica var. nectarina) were studied. All blossom thinners reduced fruit set in “Summer Lady” peach in both 2016 and 2017. Fruit sets in “Summer Lady” peach trees with a double application of Tergitol TMN-6 at the rate of 7.5 or 10 mL ·L¯1, each rate applied at 40% and 80% bloom, were lower than those receiving the same rates of this chemical only at 80% bloom, but they were similar to those receiving a single Tergitol TMN-6 spray at 15 mL·L¯1 at 80% or 100% bloom. “Summer Lady” peach trees receiving FO at 20 mL·L¯1 plus lime sulfur at 25 mL·

关键词： Bio-Regulator Crop Regulation Fruit Thinning Stone Fruit Regular Cropping Prunus persica

Gibberellic Acid<sub>4+7</sub>and Benzyladenine, Cambium Disconnection, Nitrogen, and Tip Removal Influence on Branch Induction in Newly Planted Poorly Feathered “Fuji” Apple Trees

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2020年第3期11卷 496-509页

作者： Shahla Mahdavi Esmaeil fallahi Gregory A. Lang bahar fallahi Pomology and Viticulture Program Department of Plant Sciences Parma Research and Extension Center University of Idaho Parma ID USA Department of Horticulture Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA

The use of well-feathered nursery trees on dwarfing rootstocks is crucial for establishing high-density apple orchards to ensure early production. Training trees to develop a tall spindle canopy architecture has gained popularity in high-density orchards during the past decade. However, commercially produced nursery trees often lack feathers or are unevenly branched, making initial training decisions difficult and delaying precocious fruiting. In this project, we studied the vegetative meristem activation response to partial scoring or partial girdling of the bark cambium above the bud, with and without application of 500 ppm Promalin (gibberellin4+7 + benzyladenine), tip removal of the tree leader at the silver tip stage on April 23, 2019, Promalin spray at 500 ppm at post-bloom stage on May 7, 2019, and nitrogen (N) as UAN-32 (32% N) application at five levels (60, 80, 100, 120, or 140 g actual N/tree) on June 20, 2019, in newly planted un-feathered or unevenly branched “Aztec Fuji” trees on Budagovsky 9 (Bud 9) in southwest Idaho, USA. Grower’s Short Cut trees received a heading cut to the leader at 60 cm above the ground and resulted in the emergence of 5 - 6 strong branches near the heading cut. These trees had larger trunk cross-sectional areas than scored or girdled trees. Scoring or girdling, with or without Promalin, significantly improved branching by increasing the number of branches and bourse shoots. In many cases, the effects of partial scoring, with or without Promalin, were similar to those of bark girdling which is a more risky and time-consuming process. Branches induced by scoring and girdling had sharper crotch angles relative to the vertical leader. Spraying Promalin during the post-bloom stage at 500 ppm was not as effective as scoring or girdling to initiate branches. Additional N rates or removal of the leader tip did not significantly impact branch induction.

关键词： Bark Girdling High Density Orchard Malus domestica

Targeting the RAS/RAF/MAPK pathway for cancer therapy: from mechanism to clinical studies

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 173-210页

作者： Md Entaz bahar Hyun Joon Kim Deok Ryong Kim Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences and Institute of Medical Science Gyeongsang National UniversityCollege of MedicineJinjuSouth Korea Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Sciences and Institute of Medical Science Gyeongsang National UniversityCollege of MedicineJinjuSouth Korea

Metastatic dissemination of solid tumors,a leading cause of cancer-related mortality,underscores the urgent need for enhanced insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying metastasis,chemoresistance,and the mechanistic backgrounds of individuals whose cancers are prone to *** most prevalent signaling cascade governed by multi-kinase inhibitors is the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)pathway,encompassing the RAS–RAF–MAPK kinase(MEK)–extracellular signal-related kinase(ERK)*** kinase is a primary mediator of the MAPK pathway,responsible for the sequential activation of downstream targets,such as MEK and the transcription factor ERK,which control numerous cellular and physiological processes,including organism development,cell cycle control,cell proliferation and differentiation,cell survival,and *** in this signaling cascade are associated with diseases such as *** inhibitors(RAFi)combined with MEK blockers represent an FDAapproved therapeutic strategy for numerous RAF-mutant cancers,including melanoma,non-small cell lung carcinoma,and thyroid ***,the development of therapy resistance by cancer cells remains an important ***,an intracellular lysosome-dependent catabolic recycling process,plays a critical role in the development of RAFi resistance in ***,targeting RAF and autophagy could be novel treatment strategies for RAF-mutant *** this review,we delve deeper into the mechanistic insights surrounding RAF kinase signaling in tumorigenesis and ***,we explore and discuss the ongoing development of next-generation RAF inhibitors with enhanced therapeutic ***,this review sheds light on the functional interplay between RAF-targeted therapies and autophagy in cancer.

关键词： RAF insight mechanism

Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells may be a viable treatment modality in cerebral palsy

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第9期12卷 1585-1596页

作者： Osman Boyalı Serdar Kabatas ErdinçCivelek Omer Ozdemir Yeliz bahar-Ozdemir Necati Kaplan Eyüp Can Savrunlu Erdal Karaöz Department of Neurosurgery University of Health Sciences TurkeyGaziosmanpaşa Training and Research HospitalIstanbul 34360Turkey Center for Stem Cell&Gene Therapy Research and Practice University of Health Sciences TurkeyIstanbul 34360Turkey Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Health Sciences University Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research HospitalIstanbul 34668Turkey Department of Neurosurgery Istanbul Rumeli UniversityÇorlu Reyap HospitalTekirdağ59860Turkey Department of Neurosurgery Nevşehir State HospitalNevşehir 50300Turkey Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research&Manufacturing(LivMedCell) Liv HospitalIstanbul 34340Turkey Department of Histology and Embryology Istinye UniversityFaculty of Medicineİstanbul 34010Turkey Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice Istinye UniversityIstanbul 34340Turkey

BACKGROUND Cerebral palsy(CP)describes a group of disorders affecting movement,balance,and *** in motor functions constitute the main body of CP *** symptoms surface in early childhood and patients are affected for the rest of their ***,treatment involves various pharmacotherapies for different types of CP,including antiepileptics for epilepsy and Botox A for focal ***,none of these methods can provide full symptom *** has prompted researchers to look for new treatment modalities,one of which is mesenchymal stem cell therapy(MSCT).Despite being a promising tool and offering a wide array of possibilities,mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)still need to be investigated for their efficacy and *** To analyze the efficacy and safety of MSCT in CP *** Our sample consists of four CP patients who cannot stand or walk without external *** of these cases received allogeneic MSCT six times as 1×106/kg intrathecally,intravenously,and intramuscularly using umbilical cord-derived MSCs(UC-MSC).We monitored and assessed the patients pre-and post-treatment using the Wee Functional Independence Measure(WeeFIM),Gross Motor Function Classification System(GMFCS),and Manual Ability Classification Scale(MACS)*** utilized the Modified Ashworth Scale(MAS)to measure *** We found significant improvements in MAS scores after the intervention on both *** months:Rightχ^(2)=4000,P=0.046,leftχ^(2)=4000,P=0.046;four months:Rightχ^(2)=4000,P=0.046,leftχ^(2)=4000,P=0.046;12 months:Rightχ^(2)=4000,P=0.046,leftχ^(2)=4000,P=***,there was no significant difference in motor functions based on WeeFIM results(P>0.05).GMFCS and MACS scores differed significantly at 12 months after the intervention(P=0.046,P=0.046).Finally,there was no significant change in cognitive functions(P>0.05).CONCLUSION In light of our findings,we believe that UC-MSC therapy has a positive effect on spasticity

关键词： Cerebral palsy Mesenchymal stem cell Transplantation Wharton’s jelly Muscle spasticity

Safety and efficiency of Wharton’s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cell administration in patients with traumatic brain injury:First results of a phase I study

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第6期16卷 641-655页

作者： Serdar Kabatas ErdinçCivelek Osman Boyalı Gülseli Berivan Sezen Omer Ozdemir Yeliz bahar-Ozdemir Necati Kaplan Eyüp Can Savrunlu Erdal Karaöz Department of Neurosurgery University of Health Sciences TurkeyGaziosmanpaşa Training and Research HospitalIstanbul 34360Türkiye Center for Stem Cell&Gene Therapy Research and Practice University of Health Sciences TurkeyIstanbul 34255Türkiye Department of Neurosurgery University of Health SciencesGaziosmanpaşa Training and Research HospitalIstanbul 34255Türkiye Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Health Sciences University Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research HospitalIstanbul 34668Türkiye Department of Neurosurgery Istanbul Rumeli UniversityÇorlu Reyap HospitalTekirdağ59860Türkiye Department of Neurosurgery Nevşehir State HospitalNevşehir 50300Türkiye Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research&Manufacturing(LivMedCell) Liv HospitalIstanbul 34340Türkiye Department of Histology and Embryology Istinye UniversityFaculty of MedicineIstanbul 34010Türkiye Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice Istinye UniversityIstanbul 34340Türkiye

BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is characterized by a disruption in the normal function of the brain due to an injury following a trauma,which can potentially cause severe physical,cognitive,and emotional *** cell transplantation has evolved as a novel treatment modality in the management of TBI,as it has the potential to arrest the degeneration and promote regeneration of new cells in the ***’s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells(WJ-MSCs)have recently shown beneficial effects in the functional recovery of neurological *** To evaluate the safety and efficiency of MSC therapy in *** We present 6 patients,4 male and 2 female aged between 21 and 27 years who suffered a *** 6 patients underwent 6 doses of intrathecal,intramuscular(i.m.)and intravenous transplantation of WJ-MSCs at a target dose of 1×106/kg for each application *** was assessed using the Modified Ashworth scale(MAS),motor function according to the Medical Research Council Muscle Strength Scale,quality of life was assessed by the Functional Independence Measure(FIM)scale and Karnofsky Performance Status *** Our patients showed only early,transient complications,such as subfebrile fever,mild headache,and muscle pain due to ***,which resolved within 24 *** the one year follow-up,no other safety issues or adverse events were *** 6 patients showed improvements in their cognitive abilities,muscle spasticity,muscle strength,performance scores and fine motor skills when compared before and after the *** values,which we used to assess spasticity,were observed to statistically significantly decrease for both left and right sides(P<0.001).The FIM scale includes both motor scores(P<0.05)and cognitive scores(P<0.001)and showed a significant increase in pretest posttest *** difference observed in the participants’Karnofsky Performance Scale values pre and post the intervention was statistically si

关键词： Traumatic brain injury Wharton Jelly Stem cell therapy Transplantation Mesenchymal stem cell

The Impact of Black Sea Sand Treatment Effectively Reducing Different Type of Pain

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2024年第1期12卷 18-27页

作者： Mahmut Tokaç Abdulbari Bener Fatma Nur Kesiktaş bahar Dernek Semra Alkal Akkaya Zeynep Esra Akgün Department of Medicine and Education Unit School of Medicine Istanbul Medipol University Istanbul Türkiye Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics School of Medicine Istanbul Medipol University Istanbul Türkiye Department of Evidence for Population Health Unit School of Epidemiology and Health Sciences The University of Manchester Manchester UK Faculty of Medicine Health Sciences University Istanbul Physiotherapy Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital Istanbul Türkiye Faculty of Medicine Health Sciences University Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Umraniye Training and Research Hospital Istanbul Türkiye Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Vatan Clinics School of Medicine Istanbul Medipol University Istanbul Türkiye

Purpose: Low back pain (LBP), Gonarthrosis, knee, and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome have been regarded as affecting more than three-quarters’ of individuals in their lifetime. The aim of this study was conducted to determine and compare the effects of topical patients with sand compared with control related to Gonarthrosis, LBP, knee, and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome pain. Methods: This is a prospective case and control designed study based on 101 pain case with Sand and 101 control subjects. The interventional groups in addition either topical sand or without sand 2 months after the intervention were assessed. We assessed tolerability of an established pain perception scale by the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Categorical variables were compared using the chi-square (χ2) test. The paired t-test was used to compare the two groups before and after the intervention. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed for comparison of several group means. Results: The study was based on 202 patients, 41 males (20.3%) and 161 females (79.7%). There were statistically significant differences between subjects with and without Sand in term of Gonarthrosis, Rheumatoid Arthritis LBP, knee, and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome pain (p = 0.033). Majority of patients were over age 55 years old (55%) and females 78 (77.2%). The mean score of total pain experience before and after the intervention was 7.41 ± 1.1 for black sand, and 4.24 ± 2.38 for without sand as control group. The mean scores of these 5 groups were highly significant before and after the intervention (p There was statistically highly significant in regarding subjects with Sand as compared with those before Sand after treatment mean score specifically with gonarthrosis before pain 7.23 ± 1.86 vs after treatment 4.54 ± 2.18 p < 0.001;rheumatoid arthritis before 8.28 ± 1.48 vs after treatment 4.80 ± 3.71 p < 0.001;Low Back Pain before 8.42 ± 1.83 vs after treatment 4.37 ± 1.52 p < 0.001;knee pain before 8.93 ± 0.89 vs after treat

关键词： Therapies Sand LBP Musculoskeletal Rheumatoid Arthritis Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Smart and collaborative industrial IoT: A federated learning and data space approach

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第2期9卷 436-447页

作者： bahar Farahani Amin Karimi Monsefi Cyberspace Research Institute Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehran***Iran Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA

Industry 4.0 has become a reality by fusing the Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)and Artificial Intelligence(AI),providing huge opportunities in the way manufacturing companies ***,the adoption of this paradigm shift,particularly in the field of smart factories and production,is still in its infancy,suffering from various issues,such as the lack of high-quality data,data with high-class imbalance,or poor diversity leading to inaccurate AI ***,data is severely fragmented across different silos owned by several parties for a range of reasons,such as compliance and legal concerns,preventing discovery and insight-driven IIoT ***,valuable and even vital information often remains unutilized as the rise and adoption of AI and IoT in parallel with the concerns and challenges associated with privacy and *** adversely influences interand intra-organization collaborative use of IIoT *** tackle these challenges,this article leverages emerging multi-party technologies,privacy-enhancing techniques(e.g.,Federated Learning),and AI approaches to present a holistic,decentralized architecture to form a foundation and cradle for a cross-company collaboration platform and a federated data space to tackle the creeping fragmented data ***,to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed reference model,a collaborative predictive diagnostics and maintenance case study is mapped to an edge-enabled IIoT *** results show the potential advantages of using the proposed approach for multi-party applications accelerating sovereign data sharing through Findable,Accessible,Interoperable,and Reusable(FAIR)principles.

关键词： Industry 4.0 Industrial internet of things(IIoT) Artificial intelligence(AI) Predictive maintenance(PdM) Condition monitoring(CM) Federated learning(FL) Privacy preservinig machine learning(PPML) Edge computing Fog computing Cloud computing

Optimization of hydrolysis conditions for the production of protein hydrolysates from fish wastes using response surface methodology

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Food Bioscience 2022年第1期45卷 332-339页

作者： Koray Korkmaz bahar Tokur Fatsa Faculty of Marine Science Ordu UniversityOrduTurkey

The recycling of waste from food processing is an important industrial procedure for obtaining protein sources with high added *** this study,trout(Onchorynchus mykiss),anchovy(Engraulis encrasicolus),and whiting(Merlangius merlangus)wastes were *** hydrolyzation procedure was investigated under the optimum predicted conditions defined by time,temperature,and enzyme ratio(E/S)using alkaline protease(pH 8),Protamex(pH 7),and Flavourzyme(pH 7).The hydrolysis conditions that showed the best degree of hydrolysis(DH%)were optimized using response surface methodology(RSM)with the central composite design(CCD)and Box-Behnken design(BBD)*** effects of three independent variables,temperature(40-60℃),time(1-8 h),and enzyme concentrations(1-2%),were examined for model *** was determined that the DH%varies between 50.92%and 74.30% according to the type of fish waste and *** highest degree of hydrolysis was observed from trout waste(74.30%)and the lowest degree from whiting waste(50.92%)with *** this study,it has been shown that different degrees of hydrolysis and protein recovery can be obtained,depending on fish species,waste composition,enzyme type,and hydrolysis method.

关键词： Fish protein hydrolysate Optimization Degree of hydrolysis Protein recovery