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Lipid Profile among the Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Obese Patients

Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2018年第1期8卷 89-97页

作者： Djénèbou traoré Aminata Hamar traoré Djeneba Sylla Sow Massama Konaté Amadou Koné Hadiaratou Doumbia N’Diaye Modibo Mariko Ibrahim Amadou Dembélé Moctar bah bah traoré Djibril Sy Ichaka Menta Hamidou Oumar Ba Nongoba Sawadogo Abdramane traoré Assa traoré Sidibé Assétou Soukho Kaya Abdel Kader traoré Mamadou Dembélé Hamar Alassane traoré Service of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology of Hospital of Mali Bamako Mali Service of Internal Medicine of Point G University Hospital Center Bamako Mali Service of Cardiology of Gabriel Touré University Hospital Center Bamako Mali Service of Internal Medicine of CHR de Kaya Kaya Burkina Fasso Service of Internal Medicine of Kati University Hospital Center Bamako Mali

Objective: To study the lipid profile among the diabetic and non-diabetic obese patients. Methods: It was a descriptive and prospective study carried out over a period of 9 months from March to December 2010. It concerned all the patients who came for consultation in endocrinology at the internal medicine of Point G University Hospital Center and at the National Center for Diabetes Research. All the patients were included without any gender or age difference, voluntary and with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2. Results: Out of the 1543 patients received in consultation, we had identified 178 obese people that is to say 11, 53% of the cases. Among these cases 60 abided by our criteria with 30 diabetic patients and 30 non-diabetic ones. The average age was 45.83 ± 14.68 years old;73.3% were more than 40 years old. The sex ratio was 0.07. Two third (66.7%) of our patients limited their eating diet to the three main meals/day and 61.7% were sedentary. The notion of family obesity was found in 93.4% of the cases, of family diabetes in 58.3% of the cases, of past personal medical history of hypertension in 43.3% of the cases. It was about an android obesity in 91% and Gynoid in 9% of the cases. The BMI was 55% of the cases comprised between 30 - 34.9 kg/m2. The lipid profile noticed was: A hypertriglyceridemia: 33% of diabetic patients and 10% of non-diabetic patients, a high LDL cholesterol: 37% of diabetic patients and 30% of our diabetic patients, a HDL hypocholesterolemia: 40% of the diabetic patients and 20% of the non-diabetic patients, a total hypercholesterolemia: 37% of the diabetic patients and 23% of non-diabetic patients. A hyperglycemia was noticed in 13.3% of non-diabetic patients. Conclusion: The frequency of metabolic troubles was higher in obese diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic obese patients mainly the hypertriglyceridemia.

关键词： Diabetes Obesity Dyslipidemia

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Echocardiographic Aspects of Type 2 Diabetics Patients Hospitalized in the Medicine and Endocrinology Department of the Mali Hospital

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第3期14卷 129-139页

作者： Konaté Massama Mamadou Touré Mariam Sako Samba Sidibé Souleymane Mariko Djeneba Sylla Sow Elhaj Mahamane Maiga Coumba Adiaratou Thiam Youssouf Camara Hamidou Oumar Ba Asmao Keita Maiga Djenebou traoré Zoumana traoré Souleymane Coulibaly bah traoré Modibo Mariko Nouhoum Ouologuem Amadou Koné Ichaka Menta Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Bamako USTTB Department of Medicine Hospital of Mali Bamako Mali Department of Cardiology CHU Gabriel TOURE Bamako Mali Department of Cardiology CHU Point G Bamako Mali Department of Medicine Hospital of Timbuktu Bamako Mali Department of Cardiology Hospital of Kati Bamako Mali Department of Cardiology CHU Mother and Child Bamako Bamako Mali Department of Internal Medicine CHU Point G Bamako Mali

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in diabetics. The objective of our study was to investigate the echocardiographic aspects of type 2 diabetics. Patients and Method: Descriptive and cross-sectional study of 12 months from June 2020 to June 2021. We included hospitalized type 2 diabetics who underwent transthoracic cardiac ultrasound in the Department of Medicine and Endocrinology at the Mali Hospital. Results: We collected 128 type 2 diabetics. The predominance was male with a sex ratio of 1.2. The mean age of patients was 60.06 ± 11.54 years with extremes of 28 and 84 years. Echocardiographic abnormalities were dominated by abnormal relaxation of left ventricle in 62.5%, increased of left ventricle mass in 54.7% and left atrium dilation in 28.1%. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension had more left atrium dilation with a p of 0.02. Disorders of global kinetics and systolic dysfunction were more prevalent in smoking patients with statistically significant associations, respectively, p = 0.02;p = 0.03. Dyslipidemia had a statistically significant association with segmental kinetic disorders with a p of 0.008. Duration of diabetes greater than 5 years was associated with left atrium dilation and p-value was 0.04. Conclusion: Diabetes is responsible for cardiovascular manifestations that can be identified with transthoracic echocardiography. Its performance in diabetic patients makes it possible to refine the patient’s management.

关键词： Diabetes Echocardiography Mali Hospital

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Screening of Foot at Risk in Diabetic Patients

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2019年第3期9卷 62-71页

作者： Djenebou traore Djeneba Sylla Sow Massama Konaté Ousmane Sidibé Modibo Mariko Djibril Sy bah traoré Karim Dao Amadou Koné Nanko Doumbia Nouhoum Ouologuem Yacouba Lazard Diallo Boua Daoud Camara Nongoba Sawadogo Ibrahima Amadou Dembélé Barry Boubacar Sangaré Mamadou Cissoko Mahamadou Saliou Youssouf Fofana Mamadou Mallé Mamadou Togo Adramé Keita Abdramane traoré Nagou Tolo Madani Ouologuem Abdel Kader traoré Assa traoré Sidibé Department of Internal Medicine The University Teaching Hospital of Point G Bamako Mali Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology The Mali Hospital Bamako Mali CHR Internal Medicine Department of Kaya Kaya Burkina Faso Department of Internal Medicine The Mother and Children Hospital “Luxembourg” Bamako Mali Department Internal Medicine The Hospital of Kati Bamako Mali

Introduction: The term “diabetic foot” refers to all conditions that affect the foot and are directly related to the impact of diabetes. Objective: Screen the foot at risk in diabetic patients at the hospital of Mali. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study from January 1st, 2016 to June 30, 2016, at the Department of Internal Medicine and endocrinology of the Hospital of Mali. It was focused on all hospitalized diabetic patients. Results: Thirty-two (32) patients had a foot at risk among 76 diabetic patients during the study period representing 42.10%. The sex ratio was 0.52. Type 2 diabetes accounted for 82%. A glycemic imbalance (HBA1C > 7%) was observed in 88.15%. Eighteen percent (18%) of patients had a history of ulceration or amputation;33% were walking barefoot;78.9% had tingles in the foot;31.6% had intermittent claudication;64.5% had foot cleanliness;8% claw toes;42% had abolition or reduction of superficial tenderness to monofilament and 21% had mixed foot (neuropathy + arteriopathy). In our study, 58.9% of patients had no risk of podiatry. Conclusion: Screening of foot at risk is essential in the management of diabetes because it determines the podiatric risk enabling to minimize future functional disabilities.

关键词： Foot at Risk Diabetes Hospital of Mali

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Pulmonary Embolism: Epidemiological, Clinical, Therapeutic and Evolution Aspects in the Medicine Department of Hospital of Mali Bamako

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2021年第4期11卷 242-248页

作者： Massama Konaté Mariam Sako Boubacar Sonfo Samba Sidibé Souleymane Mariko Djeneba Sylla Sow Coumba Adjaratou Thiam Djenebou traoré Hamidou Oumar Ba Asmaou Keita Maiga Ibrahima Sangare Mamadou Toure Souleymane Coulibaly Nouhoum Diallo bah traoré Modibo Mariko Nouhoum Ouologuem Amadou Koné Youssouf Camara Yacouba Lazare Diallo Nanko Doumbia Mahamadoun Coulibaly Ichaka Menta Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry (FMOS) of the University of Sciences Technique and Technology of Bamako (USTTB) Bamako Mali Medicine Department Hospital of Mali Bamako Mali Cardiology department CHU Point G Bamako Mali Cardiology Department Hospital of Kati Kati Mali Medicine Department Hospital of Tombouctou Tombouctou Mali Internal Medicine Department CHU Point G Bamako Mali Cardiology Department CHU Gabriel Toure Bamako Mali Cardiology Department CHU Mère Enfant Bamako Mali

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a severe form of venous thromboembolic disease. In Africa, prevalence of PE in hospitalized medical patients varies among studies. Objective: Aim of this work was to study the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolution aspects of PE in the medicine department of Mali’s Hospital Bamako-Mali. Methodology: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out from January 01, 2017 to December 31, 2020 in the medicine department of Mali’s hospital Bamako, including all inpatients admitted for PE during the study period. Results: Of 1814 hospitalized patients, 54 patients had pulmonary embolism. Hospital frequency of pulmonary embolism was 2.97%. Predominance was female and sex-ratio M/F was 0.38. Mean age in our series was 54.24 ±1.19 years. Predisposing factors to pulmonary embolism were dominated by obesity 37%, high blood pressure 35.2% and history of cardiovascular disease 20.4%. Dominant signs were dyspnoea and chest pain in 83.3% and 70.4% of cases respectively. Probability of pulmonary embolism was high in 40.7% according to Wells score. Patients with right heart failure were 22.2%. EKG showed sinus tachycardia70.4% and S1Q3 aspect 7.4%. Heart right chambers were dilated at transthoracic echography 42.6%. Obstruction was bilateral at chest angio CT for 51.9% and proximal for 42.6%. Deep venous thrombosis was associated at EP in 16.6%. Treatment was low weight molecular heparin followed by vitamin K antagonist or direct oral anticoagulant. One patient was successfully treated by thrombolysis. Hospital mortality was 16.7%. Conclusion: PE is a serious disease probably underdiagnosed. It is responsible of important mortality.

关键词： Pulmonary Embolism Epidemiology Mali’s Hospital

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Distribution of fluoride in surface water and a health risk assessment in the upper reaches of the Yongding River

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020年第6期30卷 908-920页

作者： WANG Tao SHAO Zhijiang YU Hui bah Hamidou Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation CAS:Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentCASChengdu 610041China Institute of Superior Agronomy and Veterinary of Faranah(ISAV/F) Faranah 131Guinea

The excessive exposure to high concentrations of fluoride in drinking water can lead to a serious disease called *** upstream region of the Yongding River is an ecological protection area for *** studies have reported that there is a high concentration of fluoride in the groundwater in this ***,there are few data on the distribution of fluoride in surface water and health risk assessments in this *** this study,the fluoride concentrations were determined by using the spectrophotometric method using data from 2013 to 2017 from 9 surface water quality monitoring stations in the upper reaches of the Yongding *** health risks of fluoride were assessed using the approach developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA).The results indicated that the fluoride content in the drinking water ranged from 0.30 to 1.50 mg L 1,with an average of 0.86 mg L"*** total,22.7%of the analyzed samples exceeded the Chinese limit of 1.0 mg L"1 for fluoride,and 5.5%of samples had less than the permissible limit of 0.5 mg L"*** fluoride concentrations and fluorosis hotspots were found to be predominately located downstream of the Yanghe River close to the Guanting Reservoir,where 71.4%of samples exceeded the limit of 1.0 mg/L'*** spatial distribution of high fluoride concentrations was found to be primarily determined by *** hazard quotient(HQ)index for children,teenagers and adults indicated that 19.6%,15.6%,and 5.1%of the samples in the upper reaches of the Yongding River,respectively,posed health hazards to the associated ***,the HQ index more than 1 for children,teenagers and adults had values of 64.3%,56.1%,and 19.4%,respectively,in samples from the downstream region of the Yanghe ***,there are potential risks of dental and skeletal fluorosis in the upper river reaches of the Yongding *** is imperative to take measures to reduce the fluoride pollution in surface water and contro

关键词： fluoride hazard quotient index surface water health risk Yongding River

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Endocrine and Cytogenetic Profile of Variations in Genital Development: Series of 9 Cases at the Mali Hospital

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2020年第5期10卷 77-87页

作者： Mohamed Lamine Mariko Djénéba Sylla Sow Djénébou traoré Claire Bouvattier Moctar bah Djibril Youssouf traoré Mahamadou traore Assa traoré Sidibe Endocrinology-Diabetology Unit Department of Medicine Sikasso Hospital Sikasso Mali Department of Medicine and Endocrinology-Diabetology Mali Hospital Bamako Mali Department of Internal Medicine Point G University Hospital Bamako Mali Endocrinology of Reproduction Service University Hospital of Bicêtre Paris France Department of Cytogenetics and Reproductive Biology INRSP Bamako Mali

We carried out a retrospective and descriptive study in the Medicine and Endocrinology service of the Mali Hospital from January 2015 to December 2018. Nine cases of anomalies in sexual differentiation were referred for pubertal delay, growth retardation, gynecomastia, micropenis or infertility. Outcomes: The average age was 14 years;5 patients were declared female at birth;2 were married without children;7 patients came from the region of Kayes;8 patients consulted for pubertal delay;1 patient presented with association of a blind vagina and 2 bilateral inguinal gonads. 3 of 4 patients declared male at birth had a micropenis;2 patients had gynecomastia with a history of hypospadias. Ultrasound and biological data showed a clinical-hormonal picture of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism in 6 patients, 1 case of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with hypercorticism and 2 cases with normal gonadotropic axis;two cases of azoospermia. Karyotypic analysis showed: 3 cases of SK, 2 cases of Klinefelter Syndrome, 2 cases of Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome and 2 cases of male 46 XX syndrome including one with sry negative. Conclusion: The precise diagnosis of anomalies in sexual differentiation remains complicated in Mali, due to the inadequacy of the technical platform. Diagnosis must be made at an early stage to allow normal growth, puberty and satisfactory fertility. Taking charge of the medical treatment possibly associated with plastic surgery could give good results.

关键词： Variations in Genital Development Endocrine Profile Cytogenetics

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Frequency of the Cardiovascular Complications during the Chronic Renal Insufficiency with the Service of Nephrology of the National Hospital Donka

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2020年第7期10卷 425-431页

作者： Fousseny Diakité Mamadou Saliou Baldé Ibrahima Sory Barry Moussa traoré Alpha Boubacar bah Fenela Mipimbou Mohamed Lamine Kaba Alpha Oumar bah Unit of Nephrology-Hemodialysis of the National Hospital Donka Guinea Unit of Cardiology of the National Hospital Ignace Deen Guinea

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease has become a major concern for the nephrologist as it is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease, and affects all stages of the disease, including the earliest stages of the disease. The goal of this work was to determine the frequency of cardiovascular complications during chronic kidney failure. Patients and methods: This was a six-month, descriptive cross-sectional study from March 01 to August 31, 2018. It covered all patients with chronic kidney disease hospitalized in the ward during the study period. Included were all chronic kidney failure patients with at least one cardiac and/or vascular complication diagnosed either on clinical examination, and/or paraclinical examination (Electrocardiogram or cardiac ultrasound, vessel echodoppler, scan). Results: During the study period, 84 out of 378 patients or 22.22% had at least one cardiovascular complication. Cardiovascular complications were hypertrophy of the left ventricle with 49/84 (44 at Electrocardiogram and 5 at cardiac echodoppler), valvulopathy with 33.33%, stroke with 50% of cases, obliterating arterial disease of the lower limbs 25%, hypokinetic dilated cardiomyopathy with 9/36 cases and pericarditis with 2/36. Conclusion: Cardiovascular complications affect both sexes and all ages. They were dominated by enlarged left ventricle, valvulopathy and dila

关键词： Cardiovascular Complications Chronic Kidney Failure Donka Conakry

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A reconstruction of Turkey’s potential natural vegetation using climate indicators

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第6期30卷 2199-2211页

作者： Nussa bah B.Raja Olgu Aydin Ihsan Cicek Necla Turkoglu GeoZentrum Nordbayern University Erlangen-Numberg91054 ErlangenGermany Department of Geography Faculty of HumanitiesAnkara University06100 AnkaraTurkey

Turkey,containing three of the world’s biodiversity hotspots,is a hub for genetic ***,the vegetation cover has drastically changed in recent decades as a result of substantial transformations in landuse practices.A map of the potential natural vegetation can be used to represent the biodiversity of a country,and therefore a reference to effectively develop conservation *** multinomial logistic regression is used to simulate the probability of different biomes occurring in the country using elevation,climatological data and natural vegetation data.A correlation test was applied to the climatological data to determine which predictors influence vegetation the *** were temperature,precipitation,relative humidity and *** Ordinary Kriging method was employed to transform the data into the format for the multinomial logistic regression *** model showed that temperature was the most influencing factor with respect to Turkey’s vegetation and distribution follows a similar distribution as the various *** forests are mostly found in the Black Sea region,which is also the wettest region of the *** Marmara region is the only other region where there are broadleaf *** forests and shrublands are mostly located in Central Anatolia due to the region’s low humidity which favours herbaceous *** forests were dominant in the Aegean and Mediterranean regions,attributed to high temperatures.

关键词： Biomes Multinomial logistic regression Statistical modelling Turkey Vegetation

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A Blasting Fragmentation Model of Rocks

A Blasting Fragmentation Model of Rocks

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作者： Mohamed Alrashid bah 武汉理工大学

学位级别：硕士

爆破破碎在任何爆破作业中都是一个重点内容。岩石爆破中爆破破碎的程度和岩石粒径大小对岩石爆破量和破碎加工来说必不可少的研究要素。相关详细的文献表明:以前对爆破碎片的研究主要从四个基本变量考虑,即岩石性质、爆炸性能、钻孔布... 详细信息

爆破破碎在任何爆破作业中都是一个重点内容。岩石爆破中爆破破碎的程度和岩石粒径大小对岩石爆破量和破碎加工来说必不可少的研究要素。相关详细的文献表明:以前对爆破碎片的研究主要从四个基本变量考虑,即岩石性质、爆炸性能、钻孔布置和台阶高度。然而在考虑岩石爆破量时,经常进行简化计算,变量中的台阶高度通常不考虑。在实际生产中,因为在台阶高度上爆破量的不均匀分布,前排炮孔的炸药用量会与前面的爆破量预测有明显的不同。因此如果台阶是高度不规则的同时又明显不同的坡脚和爆破量波峰就会增加。对这些因素的忽视会使爆破破碎模型和实际数据的相吻合度降低。本论文的研究证明了这个事实,也强调了在爆破破碎中考虑台阶剖面的重要性。就目前工作而言,台阶剖面的不规则和其导致的爆破量的不均匀是用激光性能分析技术预测。FRAGM是一种新的破碎模型,主要与来在非洲的采石矿山的实际数据的分析来分析爆破量的可变性,现在已经被开发和验证。这个开发的模型可以作为一种快速且可靠的方法在爆破前后来预测和评估爆破破碎。

关键词： fragmentation blasting 岩石爆破 rock bench 破碎模型 burden breakage explosive spacing

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Mining Shared Knowledge\Patterns between Two Datasets

Mining Shared Knowledge\Patterns between Two Datasets

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作者： Mamadou Lamarana bah 湖南大学

学位级别：硕士

在数据挖掘中，如何描迷数据集之向的差异性是一令重要的向题。在模式挖掘中，广泛应用决策树方法来解抉这今向题。决策树是一今很好的数据挖掘模型，非常适合作为分类器。然而，目前决策树研究方面很少涉及两今不同数据集之同的分炎相... 详细信息

在数据挖掘中，如何描迷数据集之向的差异性是一令重要的向题。在模式挖掘中，广泛应用决策树方法来解抉这今向题。决策树是一今很好的数据挖掘模型，非常适合作为分类器。然而，目前决策树研究方面很少涉及两今不同数据集之同的分炎相似性，即挖掘两今数据集的共享模式。这里，我们学刁挖掘两今数据集之同的共享模式。我们研究一种特殊的共享模式—数据分布相似性。为了从两今数据集中挖掘一令高盾量的共享二叉树，我们提出了一今综合利用共享模式、分类、二叉树结构的共享二叉树挖掘算法——MiningSBT。为了高效的从数据集D1和数据集D2中挖掘出共享二叉树，我们假设D1是已知数据集，记为UD1,D2是未知数据集，记为ND2。通迂运行我们的算法UD1可以帮助我们理解ND2，这是因为共享二叉树的结果满足以下两点：高数据分布相似性和高分类准硬度。我们的共享二叉树算法不同于传统的决策树算法，这是因为我们的挖掘讨象是两今数据集、数据分布相似性要求和准确度要求。安验结果证明我们的算法是有效的。数据库和数据挖掘概述：粗略地并一个数据库，是一今有组织的数据收集，为一今或多今目的，通常以数字形式。通常组织的数据建模相关的现实问题(例如在一所学校，学生的成绩情况而定)，在某种程度上支持需要这些信息(例如，找到一个给定的学生的年级)的迸程。术语数据库，可能是指一个特定的方面，如逻辑数据库的数据有组组的收集，数据内容物理数据库在计算机数据存储或许多其他数据库定义。术语数据库正确地应用于数据和其支持的数据结构和不是数据库管理系统(DBMS)。匀DBMS的数据库中的数据的集合称为一个数据库系统。数据库，基本上是电脑化的资料保存系统。资料库本身可视为电子化的档案柜—储存电脑化档案的处所，使用者可以新增档案或删除档案，也可以对档案中的资料执行新增、撷取、更新、删除等操作。数锯库是以一定组纸方式储存在一起的，能为多今用户共享的，具有耳可能小的冗余度的、匀底用彼此狭立的相互失联的数锯集合。资料库的架构可以大致区分为三个概括层次：内层、概念层和外层。内层：最接近实际储存体，亦即有关资料的实际储存方式。外层：最接近使用者，即有关个别使用者观看资料的方式。概念层：介於两者之间的间接层。资料库管理系统(英语：Database Management System,简称DBMS)是为管理资料库而设计的电脑软体系统，一般具有储存、撷取、安全保障、备份等基础功能。资料库管理系统可以依据它所支援的资料库模型来作分类，例如关联式、XML;或依据所支援的电脑类型来作分类，例如伺服器群集、行动电话;或依据所用查询语言来作分类，例如SQL;或依据性能衡量重点来作分类，例如最大规模、最高执行速度;亦或其他的分类方式。不论使用哪种分类方式，一些常用的DBMS还是会跨类别。例如，同时支援多种查询语言。比较通行的DBMS有MySQL、PostgreSQL、Microsoft Access、SQL Server、 Oracle。几乎所有的资料库管理系统都配备了一个开放式资料库连接(ODBC)驱动程式，令各个资料库之问得以互相整合。数据库技木是研究如何科学地姐织和储存数据，如何高效地检索数据和进行数据效理的技术。数锯库存在多神模型。而应用于大型数锯储存的数锯库一般为网状模型、关联式模型以及物件模型。此外也有应用在LDAP (轻量级数锯访向协谈)的阶层式模型。平面模型(表格模型)一般在形式上是一今二维阵列。一般来并，数组中每列表示一今数锯炎型，数锯在其中驮不同行的形式存储。表格模型数锯库是电子试算表(比如Excel)的基础。资料索引的观念由来已久，像是一本书前面几页都有目录，目录也算是索引的一种，只是它的分类较广，例如车牌、身份证字号、条码等，都是一个索引的号码，当我们看到号码时，可么从号码中看出其中的端倪，若是要找的人、车或物品，也只要提供相关的号码，即可迅速查到正确的人事物。另外，索引跟栏位有著相应的关系，索引即是由栏位而来，其中栏位有所谓的关键栏位(Key Field),该栏位具有唯一性，即其值不可重复，且不可为”空值(null)"。例如：在合并资料時,索引便是扮演欲附加欄位资料之指向性用途的角色。故此索引为不可重复性且不可为空。一般目的的DBMS一个DBMS已经演变成一个复杂的软件系统和它的发展通常需要数千人年的发展努力。一些通用的DBMS,像甲骨文,微软SQL服务器和IBMDB2,已经历30年或更长时间的升级。通用数据库管理系统的目标,以满足尽可能多的应用,这通常使得他们更加复杂比专用数据库。然而,其实,他们可以用“关闭的架子”,以及他们对许多应用和实例的摊销成本,使他们有吸引力的替代时,他们满足应

关键词：数据库数据挖掘显露模式决策树二叉树共享模型/模式跳跃显露模式基因表达数据分类

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