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Cluster Analysis of Tropical Cyclones Making Landfall on the Korean Peninsula

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2009年第2期26卷 202-210页

作者： Ki-Seon CHOI baek-jo kim Chee-Young CHOI Jae-Cheol NAM National Institute of Meteorological Research Seoul Republic of Korea Korea Meteorological Administration Seoul Republic of Korea

Cluster analysis has been performed on the tracks of 51 Tropical Cyclones （TCs） that made landfall on the Korean Peninsula （KP） for the period of 1951-2004. The classification technique of the landfalling tracks used in this study was the fuzzy clustering method （FCM） and the resultant silhouette coefficient suggested four clusters as an optimal cluster number. Most TCs of Cluster 2 and Cluster 3 （C-23） tended to pass through China's Mainland before landfall, but those of Cluster 1 and Cluster 4 （C-14） tended to mostly land after moving northward from the East China Sea （ECS） without passing over China's Mainland. The TC landfalling frequency of C-14 has begun to clearly increase since the late 1980s, particularly the maximum landfalling frequency in the early 2000s set a record for the 54-year analysis period. The ridge axis of the western North Pacific high （WNPH） of C-23 bends more equatorward than that of C-14, so that the monsoon trough of C-23 is located more equatorward than that of C-14. As a consequence, most TCs of C-23 tend to recurve inland of China, but over the ECS for C-14.

关键词： Korean Peninsula tropical cyclone landfall fuzzy cluster Arctic Oscillation Nino-3.4

Characteristics of environmental factors associated with typhoon Kongrey(1825) over the Eastern Coastal Region of Korea

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2020年第3期9卷 162-171页

作者： So-Ra In baek-jo kim Hae-Min kim Chang-Geun Park High Impact Weather Research Center Observation and Forecast Research DivisionNational Institute of Meteorological SciencesKMASouth Korea

In this study,the characteristics of environmental factors associated with typhoon Kongrey were examined using radiosonde,wind-profiler,radar,and Automated Surface Observing System(ASOS)data in Uljin,which is located the eastern coast of *** radiosonde data were obtained from intensive observation between 1500 LST 5 to 0000 LST 7 October *** factors such as Total Precipitable Water(TPW)and Strom Relative Environmental Helicity(SREH)were selected to examine their relations to typhoon-accompanied *** TPW peak with 60.54 mm appeared at 1200 LST 6 October,which is 6 h after the peak of typhoon *** was found that the TPW variation is largely associated with the effect of water vapor supply from the typhoon with nearest proximity to Uljin at 1500 LST 6 *** SREH,which indicates mechanical instability,was 761 m2 s-2 during the period in which typhoon precipitation *** environments would provide a good condition for the development of super-cell storms,causing heavy precipitation associated with *** addition,it was found that the correlation coefficient between SREH and typhoon rainfall is 0.8(p-value=0.02).

关键词： Typhoon Kongrey Precipitation TPW SREH

Variation in Summer Surface Air Temperature over Northeast Asia and Its Associated Circulation Anomalies

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第1期33卷 1-9页

作者： Wei CHEN Xiaowei HONG Riyu LU Aifen JIN Shizhu JIN Jae-Cheol NAM Jin-Ho SHIN Tae-Young GOO baek-jo kim State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 Department of Geography Yanbian University Yanji 133002 National Institute of Meteorological Research Korea Meteorological Administration deju Korea

This study investigates the interannual variation of summer surface air temperature over Northeast Asia（NEA） and its associated circulation *** leading modes for the temperature variability over NEA are obtained by EOF *** first EOF mode is characterized by a homogeneous temperature anomaly over NEA and therefore is called the NEA *** anomaly extends from southeast of Lake Baikal to Japan,with a central area in Northeast *** second EOF mode is characterized by a seesaw pattern,showing a contrasting distribution between East Asia（specifically including the Changbai Mountains in Northeast China,Korea,and Japan） and north of this *** mode is named the East Asia（EA） *** modes contribute equivalently to the temperature variability in *** two leading modes are associated with different circulation anomalies.A warm NEA mode is associated with a positive geopotential height anomaly over NEA and thus a weakened upper-tropospheric westerly *** the other hand,a warm EA mode is related to a positive height anomaly over EA and a northward displaced *** addition,the NEA mode tends to be related to the Eurasian teleconnection pattern,while the EA mode is associated with the East Asia-Pacific/PacificJapan pattern.

关键词： surface air temperature Northeast Asia East Asia circulation anomaly interannual variability

Associations with the Interannual Variations of Onset and Withdrawal of the Changma

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2001年第6期18卷 1066-1080页

作者：陆日宇黄荣辉 Jai-Ho Oh baek-jo kim Hee-Jeong baek Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Meteorological Research Institute Korea Meteorological Administration

The associations of onset and withdrawal of the rainy season in South Korea (called Changma) have been examined. Composite studies showed that there are significant differences in circulations between extremely early and late onset (or withdrawals) not only over East Asia, but also over remote areas. The in situ significant differences include the upper-level jet over East Asia and the subtropical anticyclone over the western North Pacific at lower levels. The significant remote associations include the Indian monsoon and ENSO. The Indian summer monsoon is related to both onset and withdrawal of the Changma, while ENSO has a significant relation only to onset, but not to withdrawal. Key words Changma - Onset - Withdrawal - Interannual variation - Association This study was supported by the National Key Programme for Developing Basic Sciences (G1998040900, Part I), Brain Pool Program (Grant No. 991-5-8) funded by Korea Science and Engineering Foundation, and the Natural Hazard Prevention Research Project, one of the Critical Technology-21 Programs, funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Korea.

关键词： Changma Onset Withdrawal Interannual variation Association

Maximizing biomass utilization: An integrated strategy for coproducing multiple chemicals

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 180-191页

作者： Byeongchan Ahn Sua jo jonggeol Na J.Jay Liu Young-Ju kim Wangyun Won Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated process) Kyung Hee University Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Ewha Womans University Department of Chemical Engineering Pukyong National University Resources Engineering Plant Research Department Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the viable solutions to alleviate the global warming. However, the limited utilization of biomass majorly focused on cellulose and hemicellulose restricts the economic and environmental feasibilities. To cope with this issue, we proposed an integrated process of co-producing 1,6-hexanediol（1,6-HDO） with tetrahydrofuran and adipic acid from biomass, referred to as Strategy A. To compare the impacts of lignin upgrading and feedstock, Strategy B, which co-produces tetrahydrofuran alone, and Strategy C, which is the traditional route to produce 1,6-HDO from fossil fuels, were used. Heat networks are also designed to reduce operating costs and indirect carbon emissions due to energy consumption, saving 87% and 83% of the heat and cooling requirements, respectively, in Strategy A. The market competitiveness of Strategy A was evaluated by determining the minimum selling price through techno-economic analysis, and sustainability was thoroughly investigated by quantifying the environmental impacts through both midpoint and endpoint life-cycle assessments（LCAs）.Strategy A was found to be the most favorable both economically（USRDSCHARDOLLAR3,402/ton） and environmentally（-26.9 kg CO2eq.）. This indicates that lignin valorization is not only economically but also environmentally preferred. Finally, changes in economic and environmental feasibilities depending on economic, process, and environmental parameters were investigated using sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. The results of these analyses provide valuable insight into bio-based chemical production.

关键词： Carbon capture and utilization

Serum amyloid A induces WISH cell apoptosis

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第1期28卷 73-80页

作者： Seong-ho jo Jeanho YUN jong-min kim Suk-hwan baek Yoe-sik BAE Medical Research Center for Cancer Molecular Therapy College of MedicineDong-A University Busan 602714 Korea Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology College of MedicineDong-A UniversityBusan 602714Korea Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology College of MedicineDong-A UniversityBusan 602714Korea Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology College of MedicineDong-A UniversityBusan 602714Korea Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology College of MedicneYeungnam UniversityDaegu 705717Korea Departments of 3 Biochemistry and Cell Biology College of MedicineDong-A UniversityBusan 602714Korea

Aim:Serum amyloid A(SAA)is an important mammalian acute ***,weaim to investigate the effect of SAA on apoptosis and its mechanism of action inhuman amniotic WISH ***:The expression of formyl peptide receptor(FPRL1),which is reported as a SAA receptor,was tested using RT-PCR andligand binding assay with radio-labeled FPRL1 *** effect of SAA onproliferating cell population was evaluated by thymidine incorporation *** protein phosphorylation levels and caspase-3 activity were detected by West-ern blot ***:SAA inhibits thymidine incorporation in human amnioticWISH cells.A SAA-induced decrease of proliferating cell population was accom-panied with nuclear condensation and caspase-3 activation in WISH cells,sug-gesting that SAA induces WISH cell *** FPRL1 has been reportedas a SAA receptor,we investigated the effects of several FRPL1 agonists on aproliferating cell population in WISH *** the tested FPRL1 agonists,only SAA induced a decrease of proliferating cell population in WISH *** downstream signaling of SAA,we found that SAA stimulated extracellularsignal-regulated kinase and p38 kinase,which were not inhibited by pertussistoxin(PTX),ruling out the role of PTX-sensitive *** a SAA-induced decrease of proliferating cell population was not affected by PTX,sug-gesting that SAA inhibits WISH cell apoptosis in a PTX-sensitive G-protein-independent manner.A SAA-induced decrease of a proliferating cell populationwas completely blocked by PD98059 and SB203580,suggesting that mitogen-activated protein kinase activities are essentially required for the ***:SAA is a novel inducer for WISH cell apoptosis,and the PTX-insen-sitive pathway is involved in the process.

关键词： serum amyloid A apoptosis caspase-3 ex tracellular signal regulated protein kinase p38 kinase

Long-term performance of fiber-grid-reinforced asphalt overlay pavements: A case study of Korean national highways

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journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2019年第4期6卷 366-382页

作者： jong-Hoon Lee Seung-Beom baek Kang-Hoon Lee jo-Soon kim Jin-Hoon Jeong Department of Civil Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212South Korea Civil&Environmental BG Doosan Engineering&ConstructionSeoul 06057South Korea Department of Infrastructure Safety Research Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building TechnologyGoyang-si 10223South Korea SN Construction Co. LtdDaejeon 34573South Korea

The objective of this study was to verify the effect of fiber grid reinforcement on the longterm performance of asphalt overlay pavements by performing field investigation, laboratory test, and finite element analysis. Crack, rutting, roughness, and other miscellaneous distresses of fiber-grid-reinforced overlay sections and ordinary overlay sections were compared. Pavement conditions of fiber grid overlay sections before and after the overlay were also compared. Cores were obtained from the fiber-grid-reinforced and ordinary sections to measure bonding shear strength between the intermediate and overlay *** energy, displacement after yield, and shear stiffness of the cores were also obtained by analyzing the test results. Finite element analysis was performed by using the test results to validate the effect of the fiber grid reinforcement on the long-term performance of asphalt overlay pavements. Rutting and fatigue cracking were predicted for three cases: 1) fiber grid was not used;2) glass fiber grid was used;and 3) carbon fiber grid was used. The cracking ratio of fiber-grid-reinforced sections was much smaller than that of ordinary sections. The results of field investigation, laboratory test, and finite element analysis showed that the fiber grid reinforcement improved the long-term performance of asphalt overlay pavements.

关键词： Asphalt pavement Fiber grid reinforcement Overlay pavement Finite element analysis Bonding shear strength

A case study of environmental characteristics on urban road-surface and air temperatures during heat-wave days in Seoul

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2019年第4期12卷 261-269页

作者： kim Yoo-Jun kim baek-jo SHIN Yoon-Sook kim Hui-Won kim Geon-Tae kim Seon-Jeong High Impact Weather Research Center National Institute of Meteorological Sciences

High road-surface temperature due to heat waves can lead to dangerous driving conditions such as tire blowouts and deformation induced by thermal stress on the roads. In this study, a Mobile Observation Vehicle dataset, with high spatial and temporal resolutions for the heat-wave episode that occurred on 16–17 August 2018, is used to understand environmental characteristics on urban road-surface and air temperatures in Seoul. This study demonstrates that the magnitude of urban road-surface temperature is dependent on the differences in incoming solar radiation due to screening of high-rise buildings in the Gangnam area, and is associated with the topographical features in the Gangbuk area. The road-surface temperature in the section of darker-colored asphalts was higher than that of lighter-colored asphalts, with a mean difference of 6.8°C, and both surface and air temperatures on the iron plate were highest, with means of 51.7°C and 35.1°C,respectively. In addition, during the water-sprinkling period, road-surface temperature was cooled by about 8.7°C(19%) compared with that in the period without water-sprinkling, but there was no significant change in air temperature. The current results could be practically used to improve roadsurface temperature prediction models for civil engineers or road managers.

关键词： Heat wave road-surface temperature mobile observation vehicle Seoul

Thyroid storm in a pregnant woman with COVID-19 infection: A case report and review of literatures

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World journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第4期11卷 888-895页

作者： Hyo-Eun kim Juseok Yang Ji-Eun Park jong-Chul baek Hyen-Chul jo Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Gyeongsang National University Changwon HospitalChangwon 51472South Korea

BACKGROUND The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2) has been found to be responsible for the recent global pandemic known as coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 infections not only result in significant respiratory symptoms but also cause several extrapulmonary manifestations, such as thrombotic complications, myocardial dysfunction and arrhythmia, thyroid dysfunction, acute kidney injury, gastrointestinal symptoms, neurological symptoms, ocular symptoms, and dermatological complications. We present the first documented case of thyroid storm in a pregnant woman precipitated by *** SUMMARY A 42-year-old multiparous woman at 35 + 2 wk of gestation visited the emergency room(ER) with altered mentation, seizures, tachycardia, and high fever. The patient showed no remarkable events in the prenatal examination, and the nasopharyngeal COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction(PCR) test was positive two days before the ER visit. The results of laboratory tests, such as liver function test,serum electrolytes, blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine, were all within the normal ranges. However, the thyroid function test showed hyperthyroidism, and the nasopharyngeal COVID-19 PCR test was positive, as expected. No specific findings were observed on the brain computed tomography,and there were no signs of lateralization on neurological examination. Fetal heartbeat and movement were good, and there were no significant uterine contractions. The initial impression was atypical eclampsia. However, the patient’s condition worsened, and a cesarean section was performed under general anesthesia;a healthy boy was delivered, and 12 h after delivery, the patient’s seizures disappeared and consciousness was restored. The patient was referred to an endocrinologist for hyperthyroidism, and a thyroid storm with Graves’ disease was diagnosed. Here, SARS-CoV-2 was believed to be the trigger for the thyroid storm, considering that the patient tes

关键词： COVID-19 Hyperthyroidism Pregnancy Thyroid storm Thyrotoxicosis Case report