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journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 430-440页

作者： Jaewon baek Sunha kim Hee-Tak kim Oc Hee Han Department of Chemical&Biomolecular Engineering KAISTDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Metropolitan Seoul Center Korea Basic Science InstituteSeoul 03759Republic of Korea Graduate School of Analytical Science&Technology Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea

Despite the proficiency of lithium(Li)-7 NMR spectroscopy in delineating the physical and chemical states of Li metal electrodes,challenges in specimen preparation and interpretation impede its *** this study,we conducted a comprehensive postmortem analysis utilizing ^(7)Li NMR,employing a stan-dard magic angle spinning probe to examine protective-layer coated Li metal electrodes and LiAg alloy electrodes against bare Li metal electrodes within Li metal batteries(LMBs).Our investigation explores the effects of sample burrs,alignment with the magnetic field,the existence of liquid electrolytes,and precycling on the ^(7)Li NMR *** contrasting NMR spectra before and after cycling,we identi-fied alterations in Li^(0) and Li^(+) signals attributable to the degradation of the Li metal *** NMR analyses decisively demonstrate the efficacy of the protective layer in mitigating dendrite and solid elec-trolyte interphase ***,we noted that Li*ions near the Li metal surface exhibit magnetic susceptibility anisotropy,revealing a novel approach to studying diamagnetic species on Li metal elec-trodes in *** study provides valuable insights and practical guidelines for characterizing distinct lithium states within LMBs.

关键词： NMR spectroscopy Lithium-7 Lithium metal battery Electrolyte Electrode-protective layer Solid electrolyte interface Magnetic susceptibility anisotropy Lithium-metal NMR signal Diamagnetic^(7)Li NMR signal

A Novel Framework to Construct S-Box Quantum Circuits Using System Modeling: Application to 4-Bit S-Boxes

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第10期141卷 545-561页

作者： Yongjin Jeon Seungjun baek jongsung kim Department of Financial Information Security Kookmin UniversitySeoul02707Republic of Korea

Quantum computers accelerate many algorithms based on the superposition principle of quantum *** Grover algorithm provides significant performance to malicious users attacking symmetric key *** the performance of attacks using quantum computers depends on the efficiency of the quantum circuit of the encryption algorithms,research research on the implementation of quantum circuits is *** paper presents a new framework to construct quantum circuits of substitution boxes(S-boxes)using system *** model the quantum circuits of S-boxes using two layers:Toffoli and linear *** generate vector spaces based on the values of qubits used in the linear layers and apply them to find quantum *** framework finds the circuit bymatching elements of vector spaces generated fromthe input and output of a given S-box,using the forward search or themeet-in-the-middle *** developed a tool to apply this framework to 4-bit *** the 4-bit S-box quantum circuit construction tool LIGHTER-R only finds circuits that can be implemented with four qubits,the proposed tool achieves the circuits with five *** proposed tool can find quantum circuits of 4-bit odd permutations based on the controlled NOT,NOT,and Toffoli gates,whereas LIGHTER-R is unable to perform this task in the same *** expect this technique to become a critical step toward optimizing S-box quantum circuits.

关键词： System modeling quantum circuit S-box circuit quantum computer

Teleconnections:Summer Monsoon over Korea and India

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2002年第4期19卷 665-676页

作者： baek-jo kim Sung-Euii Moon 陆日宇 R.H.Kripalani Meteorological Research Institute Korea Meteorological Administration Seoul 156-720 Korea Korea Meteorological Administration Seoul 156-720 Korea LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Pune 411008 India

This study investigates the relationship between the summer monsoon rainfall over Korea and India, by using correlation analysis and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD).Results reveal that summer monsoon rainfall over Korea is negatively (significant at the 99% level) cor-related with the rainfall over the northwest and central parts of India. In addition, coupled spatial modes be-tween the rainfall over Korea and India have been identified by the SVD analysis. The squared covariance fraction explained by the first mode is 70% and the correlation coefficient between the time coefficients of the two fields is significant at the 99% level, indicating that the coupled mode reflects a large part of the interaction between the summer monsoon rainfall over Korea and India. The first mode clearly demon-strates the existence of a significant negative correlation between the rainfall over the northwest and central parts of India and the rainfall over *** mechanisms of this correlation are investigated by analyzing the variation of upper-level at-mospheric circulation associated with the Tibetan high using NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis data.

关键词： summer monsoon rainfall tibetan high singular value decomposition (SVD)

Cluster Analysis of Tropical Cyclones Making Landfall on the Korean Peninsula

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2009年第2期26卷 202-210页

作者： Ki-Seon CHOI baek-jo kim Chee-Young CHOI Jae-Cheol NAM National Institute of Meteorological Research Seoul Republic of Korea Korea Meteorological Administration Seoul Republic of Korea

Cluster analysis has been performed on the tracks of 51 Tropical Cyclones （TCs） that made landfall on the Korean Peninsula （KP） for the period of 1951-2004. The classification technique of the landfalling tracks used in this study was the fuzzy clustering method （FCM） and the resultant silhouette coefficient suggested four clusters as an optimal cluster number. Most TCs of Cluster 2 and Cluster 3 （C-23） tended to pass through China's Mainland before landfall, but those of Cluster 1 and Cluster 4 （C-14） tended to mostly land after moving northward from the East China Sea （ECS） without passing over China's Mainland. The TC landfalling frequency of C-14 has begun to clearly increase since the late 1980s, particularly the maximum landfalling frequency in the early 2000s set a record for the 54-year analysis period. The ridge axis of the western North Pacific high （WNPH） of C-23 bends more equatorward than that of C-14, so that the monsoon trough of C-23 is located more equatorward than that of C-14. As a consequence, most TCs of C-23 tend to recurve inland of China, but over the ECS for C-14.

关键词： Korean Peninsula tropical cyclone landfall fuzzy cluster Arctic Oscillation Nino-3.4

Characteristics of environmental factors associated with typhoon Kongrey(1825) over the Eastern Coastal Region of Korea

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2020年第3期9卷 162-171页

作者： So-Ra In baek-jo kim Hae-Min kim Chang-Geun Park High Impact Weather Research Center Observation and Forecast Research DivisionNational Institute of Meteorological SciencesKMASouth Korea

In this study,the characteristics of environmental factors associated with typhoon Kongrey were examined using radiosonde,wind-profiler,radar,and Automated Surface Observing System(ASOS)data in Uljin,which is located the eastern coast of *** radiosonde data were obtained from intensive observation between 1500 LST 5 to 0000 LST 7 October *** factors such as Total Precipitable Water(TPW)and Strom Relative Environmental Helicity(SREH)were selected to examine their relations to typhoon-accompanied *** TPW peak with 60.54 mm appeared at 1200 LST 6 October,which is 6 h after the peak of typhoon *** was found that the TPW variation is largely associated with the effect of water vapor supply from the typhoon with nearest proximity to Uljin at 1500 LST 6 *** SREH,which indicates mechanical instability,was 761 m2 s-2 during the period in which typhoon precipitation *** environments would provide a good condition for the development of super-cell storms,causing heavy precipitation associated with *** addition,it was found that the correlation coefficient between SREH and typhoon rainfall is 0.8(p-value=0.02).

关键词： Typhoon Kongrey Precipitation TPW SREH

Metabolic relationships between marine red algae and algae‑associated bacteria

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 298-314页

作者： Kyung Hyun kim Jeong Min kim Ju Hye baek Sang Eun Jeong Hocheol kim Hwan Su Yoon Che Ok Jeon Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Hannam UniversityDaejon 34054Republic of Korea Department of Life Science Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Republic of Korea Department of Biological Sciences Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

Mutualistic interactions between marine phototrophs and associated bacteria are an important strategy for their success-ful survival in the ocean,but little is known about their metabolic ***,bacterial communities in the algal sphere(AS)and bulk solution(BS)of nine marine red algal cultures were analyzed,and Roseibium and Phycisphaera were identified significantly more abundantly in AS than in *** metabolic features of Roseibium RMAR6-6(isolated and genome-sequenced),Phycisphaera MAG 12(obtained by metagenomic sequencing),and a marine red alga,Porphyridium purpureum CCMP1328(from GenBank),were analyzed ***6-6 has the genetic capability to fix nitrogen and produce B vitamins(B1,B2,B5,B6,B9,and B12),bacterioferritin,dimethylsulfoniopropionate(DMSP),and phenylacetate that may enhance algal growth,whereas MAG 12 may have a limited metabolic capability,not producing vitamins B9 and B12,DMSP,phenylacetate,and siderophores,but with the ability to produce bacitracin,possibly modulating algal *** CCMP1328 lacks the genetic capability to fix nitrogen and produce vitamin B12,DMSP,phenylacetate,and *** was shown that the nitrogen-fixing ability of RMAR6-6 promoted the growth of ***-pureum,and DMSP reduced the oxidative stress of *** metabolic interactions between strain RMAR6-6 and *** CCMP1328 were also investigated by the transcriptomic analyses of their monoculture and *** together,potential metabolic relationships between Roseibium and *** were *** study provides a bet-ter understanding of the metabolic relationships between marine algae and algae-associated bacteria for successful growth.

关键词： Metabolic relationship Marine red algae Symbiotic bacteria Roseibium Phycisphaera Porphyridium

Body-Shaping Membrane to Regenerate Breast Fat by Elastic Structural Holding

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 165-180页

作者： Hye-Seon kim Jeongeun Park Hyun-Su Ha Sewoom baek Chan Hee Lee Kyubae Lee Suji Park Jueun kim Se Won Yi Hak-joon Sung Department of Medical Engineering Graduate School of Medical ScienceBrain Korea 21 ProjectYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 03722Republic of Korea TMD LAB Co.Ltd. 6th Floor31Gwangnaru-ro 8-gilSeongdong-guSeoul 04799Republic of Korea

Tissue regeneration requires structural holding and movement support using tissue-type-specific aids such as bone casts,skin bandages,and joint ***,an unmet need exists in aiding breast fat regeneration as the breast moves following continuous body motion by exposing the breast fat to dynamic ***,the concept of elastic structural holding is applied to develop a shape-fitting moldable membrane for breast fat regeneration(“adipoconductive”)after surgical defects are *** membrane has the following key characteristics:(a)It contains a panel of honeycomb structures,thereby efficiently handling motion stress through the entire membrane;(b)a strut is added into each honeycomb in a direction perpendicular to gravity,thereby suppressing the deformation and stress concentration upon lying and standing;and(c)thermo-responsive moldable elastomers are used to support structural holding by suppressing large deviations of movement that occur *** elastomer became moldable upon a temperature shift above T_(m).The structure can then be fixed as the temperature *** a result,the membrane promotes adipogenesis by activating mechanotransduction in a fat miniature model with pre-adipocyte spheroids under continuous shaking in vitro and in a subcutaneous implant placed on the motion-prone back areas of rodents in vivo.

关键词： thereby shaking Elastic

Effect of characteristics and distribution of Mg_(17)Al_(12)precipitates on tensile and bending properties of high-Al-containing Mg alloys

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 779-793页

作者： Sumi jo Gyo Myeong Lee jong Un Lee Young Min kim Sung Hyuk Park School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Department of Magnesium Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea

This study investigates the effect of characteristics and distribution of Mg_(17)Al_(12)precipitates on the uniaxial tensile and three-point bending properties of extruded Mg alloys containing high Al *** extruded Mg–9Al–1Zn–0.3Mn(AZ91)alloy contains lamellar-structured Mg_(17)Al_(12)discontinuous precipitates along the grain boundaries,which are formed via static precipitation during natural air *** extruded Mg–11Al–1Zn–0.3Mn(AZ111)alloy contains spherical Mg_(17)Al_(12)precipitates at the grain boundaries and inside the grains,which are formed via dynamic precipitation during *** to inhomogeneous distribution of precipitates,the AZ111 alloy consists of two different precipitate regions:precipitate-rich region with numerous precipitates and finer grains and precipitate-scarce region with a few precipitates and coarser *** AZ111 alloy exhibits a higher tensile strength than the AZ91 alloy because its smaller grain size and more abundant precipitates result in stronger grain-boundary hardening and precipitation hardening effects,***,the tensile elongation of the AZ111 alloy is lower than that of the AZ91 alloy because the weak cohesion between the dynamic precipitates and the matrix facilitates the crack initiation and *** bending,a macrocrack initiates on the outer surface of bending specimen in both *** AZ111 alloy exhibits higher bending yield strength and lower failure bending strain than the AZ91 *** bending specimens of the AZ91 alloy have similar bending formability,whereas those of the AZ111 alloy exhibit considerable differences in bending formability and crack propagation behavior,depending on the distribution and number density of precipitates in the *** bending specimens of the AZ111 alloy,it is found that the failure bending strain(ε_(f,bending))is inversely proportional to the area fraction of precipitates in the outer zone of bending specimen(A_(ppt)),with a relation

关键词： Mg–Al alloy Extrusion Bending Precipitation Microstructure

Variation in Summer Surface Air Temperature over Northeast Asia and Its Associated Circulation Anomalies

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第1期33卷 1-9页

作者： Wei CHEN Xiaowei HONG Riyu LU Aifen JIN Shizhu JIN Jae-Cheol NAM Jin-Ho SHIN Tae-Young GOO baek-jo kim State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 Department of Geography Yanbian University Yanji 133002 National Institute of Meteorological Research Korea Meteorological Administration deju Korea

This study investigates the interannual variation of summer surface air temperature over Northeast Asia（NEA） and its associated circulation *** leading modes for the temperature variability over NEA are obtained by EOF *** first EOF mode is characterized by a homogeneous temperature anomaly over NEA and therefore is called the NEA *** anomaly extends from southeast of Lake Baikal to Japan,with a central area in Northeast *** second EOF mode is characterized by a seesaw pattern,showing a contrasting distribution between East Asia（specifically including the Changbai Mountains in Northeast China,Korea,and Japan） and north of this *** mode is named the East Asia（EA） *** modes contribute equivalently to the temperature variability in *** two leading modes are associated with different circulation anomalies.A warm NEA mode is associated with a positive geopotential height anomaly over NEA and thus a weakened upper-tropospheric westerly *** the other hand,a warm EA mode is related to a positive height anomaly over EA and a northward displaced *** addition,the NEA mode tends to be related to the Eurasian teleconnection pattern,while the EA mode is associated with the East Asia-Pacific/PacificJapan pattern.

关键词： surface air temperature Northeast Asia East Asia circulation anomaly interannual variability

Microsphere-assisted hyperspectral imaging:super-resolution,non-destructive metrology for semiconductor devices

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1098-1111页

作者： Jangryul Park Youngsun Choi Soonyang Kwono Youngjun Lee Jiwoong kim Jae-joon kim Jihye Lee Jeongho Ahn Hidong Kwak Yusin Yang Taeyong jo Myungjun Lee Kwangrak kim Metrology and Inspection Equipment R&D Team Mechatronics ResearchSamsung Electronics Co.Ltd.1-1 Samsungjeonja-rohwaseong-siGyeonggi-do18848Republic of Korea Process Development Department DRAM Process Development TeamSemiconductor R&D CenterSamsung Electronics Co.Ltd.1-1 Samsungjeonja-rohwaseong-siGyeonggi-do18848Republic of Korea Process Development Department Semiconductor R&D CenterSamsung Electronics Co.Ltd.1-1 Samsungjeonja-rohwaseong-siGyeonggi-do18848Republic of Korea

As semiconductor devices shrink and their manufacturing processes advance,accurately measuring in-cell critical dimensions(CD)becomes increasingly *** test element group(TEG)measurements are becoming inadequate for representing the fine,repetitive patterns in cell *** non-destructive metrology technologies like optical critical dimension(OCD)are limited due to their large spot diameter of approximately 25μm,which impedes their efficacy for detailed in-cell structural ***,there is a pressing need for small-spot and non-destructive metrology *** address this limitation,we demonstrate a microsphere-assisted hyperspectral imaging(MAHSI)system,specifically designed for small spot optical metrology with *** microsphere-assisted super-resolution imaging,this system achieves an optical resolution of 66 nm within a field of view of 5.6μm×5.6μ*** approach effectively breaks the diffraction limit,significantly enhancing the magnification of the *** MAHSI system incorporating hyperspectral imaging with a wavelength range of 400–790 nm,enables the capture of the reflection spectrum at each camera *** achieved pixel resolution,which is equivalent to the measuring spot size,is 14.4 nm/pixel and the magnification is *** MAHSI system enables measurement of local uniformity in critical areas like corners and edges of DRAM cell blocks,areas previously challenging to inspect with conventional OCD *** our knowledge,this approach represents the first global implementation of microsphere-assisted hyperspectral imaging to address the metrology challenges in complex 3D structures of semiconductor devices.

关键词： metrology resolution enable