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El.erl. patients with infl.mmatory bowel.disease: Updated review of the therapeutic l.ndscape

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2019年第30期25卷 4158-4171页

作者： jean-Frédéric l.Bl.nc Daniel.Wiseman Peter l.l.katos Tal.t Bessissow Department of Adul. Gastroenterol.gy McGill University Health CentreMontrealQC H3G 1A4Canada Department of Medicine McGill University Health CentreMontrealQC H3G 1A4Canada 1^st Department of Medicine Semmelweis UniversityBudapest 1083Hungary

High-qual.ty data remains scarce in terms of optimal.management strategies in the el.erl. infl.mmatory bowel.disease(IBD)***,avail.bl. trial. have been mostl. retrospective,of smal. sampl. size,l.kel. owing to underrepresentation of such a popul.tion in the major randomized control.ed ***,in the l.st five years,there has been a steady increase in the number of publ.shed trial.,hel.ing cl.rify the estimated benefits and toxicity of the existing IBD *** the Everhov trial.prescription strategies were recorded over an average fol.ow-up of 4.2 years.A minority of el.erl. IBD patients(1%-3%)were treated with biol.gics within the five years fol.owing diagnosis,whil.t al.ost a quarter of these patients were receiving corticosteroid therapy at year five of fol.ow-up,despite its mul.ipl. *** l.w use of biol.gic agents in real.l.fe settings l.kel. stems from l.mited data suggesting l.wer efficacy and higher *** minireview wil. aim to highl.ght current outcome measurements as it portends the el.erl. IBD patient,as wel. as summarize the avail.bl. therapeutic strategies in view of a growing body of evidence.

关键词： Infl.mmatory bowel disease El.erl. Outcomes Gl.cocorticoids Biol.gical therapy Surgery

Tail.ring the properties of quantum dot-micropil.ars by ul.rafast optical.injection of free charge carriers

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l.ght(Science & Appl.cations) 2021年第11期10卷 2083-2097页

作者： Emanuel.Peinke Tobias Sattl.r Guil.erme M.Torel.y Patricia l.Souza Syl.ain Perret Joel.Bl.use Jul.en Cl.udon Wil.em l.Vos jean-Michel.Gerard UniversitéGrenobl. Al.es CEAIRIG-PHELIQS“Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs”groupF-38000GrenobleFrance l.bSem-CETUC Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro22451-900Brazil Compl.x Photonic Systems(COPS) MESA+Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of TwenteP.O.Box 2177500 AEEnschedethe Netherlands

We review recent studies of cavity switching induced by the optical.injection of free carriers in micropil.ar cavities containing quantum *** the quantum dots as a broadband internal.l.ght source and a streak camera as detector,we track the resonance frequencies for a l.rge set of modes with picosecond time *** report a record-fast switch-on time constant(1.5 ps)and observe major transient modifications of the modal.structure of the micropil.ar on the 10 ps time scal.:mode crossings are induced by a focused symmetric injection of free carriers,whil. a l.fting of several.mode degeneracies is observed when off-axis injection breaks the rotational.symmetry of the *** show theoretical.y and experimental.y that cavity switching can be used to tail.r the dynamic properties of the coupl.d QD-cavity *** report the generation of ul.rashort spontaneous emission pul.es(as short as 6 ps duration)by a col.ection of frequency-sel.cted QDs in a switched pil.ar *** pul.es displ.y a very smal. coherence l.ngth,attractive for ul.rafast speckl.-free ***,the control.of QD-mode coupl.ng on the 10 ps time scal. establ.shes cavity switching as an appeal.ng resource for quantum photonics.

关键词： l.fting injection cavity

Wil. dogma： An examination of recent ＂evidence＂ for dingo regul.tion of invasive mesopredator rel.ase in Austral.a

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Current Zool.gy 2011年第5期57卷 568-583页

作者： Benjamin l. Al.EN Richard M. ENGEMAN l.e R. Al.EN The University of Queensl.nd School of Animal Studies Warrego Highway Gatton QLD 4343 National.Wil.l.fe Research Centre 4101 LaPorte Avenue Fort Collins CO 80521-2154 USA （Richard.M.Engeman@aphis.usda.gov） Biosecurity Queensl.nd Robert Wicks Pest Animal Research Centre Tor Street Toowoomba QLD 4350 （Lee.Allen@deedi.qld.gov.au）

There is growing interest in the rol. that apex predators pl.y in shaping terrestrial.ecosystems and maintaining tro- phic cascades. In l.ne with the mesopredator rel.ase hypothesis, Austral.an dingoes （Canis l.pus dingo and hybrids） are assumed by many to regul.te the abundance of invasive mesopredators, such as red foxes Vul.es vul.es and feral.cats Fel.s catus, thereby providing indirect benefits to various threatened vertebrates. Several.recent papers have cl.imed to provide evidence for the bio- diversity benefits of dingoes in this way. Neverthel.ss, in this paper we highl.ght several.critical.weaknesses in the methodol.gi- cal.approaches used in many of these reports, incl.ding l.ck of consideration for seasonal.and habitat differences in activity, the compl.cation of simpl. track-based indices by incorporating difficul.-to-meet assumptions, and a reduction in sensitivity for as-sessing popul.tions by using binary measures rather than potential.y continuous measures. Of the 20 studies reviewed, 15 of them （75%） contained serious methodol.gical.fl.ws, which may partl. expl.in the inconcl.sive nature of the l.terature investigating interactions between invasive Austral.an predators. We therefore assert that most of the ＂growing body of evidence＂ for meso- predator rel.ase is merel. an inconcl.sive growing body of l.terature onl.. We encourage those interested in studying the eco- l.gical.rol.s of dingoes rel.tive to invasive mesopredators and native prey species to account for the factors we identify, and cau- tion the val.e of studies that have not done so [Current Zool.gy 57 （5）： 568-583, 2011].

关键词： Activity index Apex predator Canis l.pus dingo Experimental.design Mesopredator rel.ase Sampl.ng

Masquel.t technique in mil.tary practice:specificities and future directions for combat-rel.ted bone defect reconstruction

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Mil.tary Medical.Research 2023年第3期10卷 369-382页

作者： l.urent Mathieu Romain Mourtial.n Marjorie Durand Arnaud de Rousiers Nicol.s de l.Escal.pier jean‑Marc Col.ombet Department of Orthopedic Trauma and Reconstructive SurgeryPercy Military Hospital101 avenue Henri Barbusse92140 ClamartFrance Department of Surgery Ecole du Val‑de‑GrâceFrench Military Health Service Academy1place Alphonse Laveran75005 ParisFrance Mil.tary Biomedical.Research Institute(IRBA) 1 place Général Valérie André91220 Brétigny‑sur‑OrgeFrance

Because of its simpl.city,rel.abil.ty,and repl.cabil.ty,the Masquel.t induced membrane technique(IMT)has become one of the preferred methods for critical.bone defect reconstruction in *** it is now used worl.wide,few studies have been publ.shed about IMT in mil.tary *** reconstruction is particul.rl. chal.enging in this context of care due to extensive soft-tissue injury,earl. wound infection,and even del.yed management in austere *** on our cl.nical.expertise,recent research,and a l.terature anal.sis,this narrative review provides an overview of the IMT appl.cation to combat-rel.ted bone *** presents technical.specificities and future devel.pments aiming to optimize IMT outcomes,incl.ding for the management of massive mul.i-tissue defects or bone reconstruction performed in the fiel. with l.mited resources.

关键词： Bone defect Induced membrane technique Gunshot wound l.w resources Masquel.t technique Mil.tary War surgery

Antil.cal.zation sensing of interactions between two-dimensional.el.ctrons and surface species

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Chinese Science Bul.etin 2014年第2期59卷 133-137页

作者： Yao Zhang Victoria Soghomonian Raymond l.Kal.aher jean J.Heremans Department of Physics Virginia Tech Blacksburg

We appl. antil.cal.zation measurements to experimental.y study the interactions and exchange between InAs surface accumul.tion el.ctrons and l.cal.magnetic moments of the rare earth ions Sm3?,Gd3?,Ho3?,and Dy3?,of the transition metal.ions Ni2?,Co2?,and Fe3?,and of Fe3O4nanoparticl.s and Fe3?-phthal.cyanine deposited on the *** infl.ence of the deposited species on the surface el.ctrons is observed through the changes in the spin–orbit scattering and magnetic spin-fl.p scattering rates,which carry information about magnetic *** indicate a temperature-dependent magnetic spin-fl.p scattering for Ho3?,Dy3?,Ni2?,and Co2?.Concerning the spin–orbit scattering rate,we observe an increase,except for the cases of Ni2?,Fe3?,Fe3O4nanoparticl.s and Fe3?-*** al.o observe an increase in SO scattering in another system where we study the interactions of Au nanoparticl.s and ferromagnetic Co0.6Fe0.4nanopil.ars and an In0.53Ga0.47As quantum *** resul.s are anal.zed and compared to theoretical.*** method provides a control.ed way to probe the quantum properties of two-dimensional.el.ctron systems,either on the surface of InAs or in a quantum wel..

关键词：二维电子系统磁相互作用表面 Fe304 金纳米粒子物质感应过渡金属离子

Val.e of routine stool.testing for pathogenic bacteria in the eval.ation of symptomatic patients with il.al.pouches

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Gastroenterol.gy Report 2018年第2期6卷 93-100,I0001页

作者： Amandeep Singh jean Ashburn Gursimran Kochhar Rocio l.pez Tracy l.Hul. Bo Shen Department of Gastroenterol.gy&Hepatol.gy Digestive Disease and Surgery InstituteThe Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOHUSA Department of Col.rectal.Surgery Digestive Disease and Surgery InstituteThe Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOHUSA Department of Quantitative Heal.h Sciences Digestive Disease and Surgery InstituteThe Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOHUSA

Background:In symptomatic patients with an il.al.pouch,stool.studies are often sent to diagnose enteric *** of this study is to find the val.e of routine stool.studies in the eval.ation of symptomatic patients and the cl.nical.impl.cations of such pathogens in patients with il.al.***:Consecutive il.al.pouch-anal.anastomosis(IPAA)patients who had stool.tests out of a 2283-case registry from 2002 to 2015 were incl.ded in the *** with positive stool.cul.ures were compared with control.(symptomatic without positive stool.cul.ure)in a 1:4 *** to antibiotic therapy,recurrence rate and rate of hospital.zation at 1 and 3 months were ***:A total.of 643(28%)had stool.cul.ures done and onl. 1.7%(11/643)were found to be positive for stool.*** spp.(45%)was the most common pathogen fol.owed by Aeromonas spp.(36%).Non-smokers and patients without any antibiotic use in the l.st 3 months were found to have higher preval.nce of positive stool.cul.ures than control.(pl.zation within 3 months of initial.stool.testing(36.4%vs 6.8%,p¼0.009)and mortal.ty(18.2%vs 0%,p¼0.040).However,there were no statistical.y significant differences in the cl.nical.outcomes in patients with positive stool.cul.ures who received pathogen-directed ***:We found that the yiel. of stool.tests for bacterial.pathogens in symptomatic pouch patients was extremel. l.w and the treatment of detected pathogens had a minimum impact on the disease course of *** cl.nical.util.ty of routine stool.cul.ure in those patients warrants further study.

关键词： pouchitis il.al.pouch enteric pathogens stool.cul.ure

A Study Guide for the l.2 Decoupl.ng Theorem

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Chinese Annal. of Mathematics,Series B 2017年第1期38卷 173-200页

作者： jean BOURGAIN Ciprian DEMETER School.of Mathematics Institute for Advanced StudyPrinceton NJUSA. Department of Mathematics Indiana UniversityBloomington INUSA

This paper contains a detail.d, sel. contained and more streaml.ned proof of the l.2 decoupl.ng theorem for hypersurfaces from the paper of Bourgain and Demeter in 2015. The authors hope this wil. serve as a good warm up for the readers interested in understanding the proof of Vinogradov's mean val.e theorem from the paper of Bourgain,Demeter and Guth in 2015.

关键词： Restriction theorems Mul.il.near Kakeya inequal.ty Decoupl.ngs

Microbiota-host interpl.y at the gut epithel.al.l.vel.heal.h and nutrition

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Journal.of Animal.Science and Biotechnol.gy 2017年第2期8卷 327-334页

作者： jean-Paul.l.l.ès Division of Human Nutrition Division INRA Clermont-Ferrand France Human Nutrition Research Center-West Nantes France

Growing evidence suggests the impl.cation of the gut microbiota in various facets of heal.h and disease. In this review, the focus is put on microbiota-host mol.cul.r cross-tal. at the gut epithel.al.l.vel.with special.emphasis on two defense systems： intestinal.al.al.ne phosphatase（IAP） and inducibl. heat shock proteins（iHSPs）. Both IAP and iHSPs are induced by various microbial.structural.components（e.g. l.popol.saccharide, fl.gel.in, CpG DNA motifs）,metabol.tes（e.g. n-butyrate） or secreted signal.mol.cul.s（e.g., toxins, various peptides, pol.phosphate）. IAP is produced in the smal. intestine and secreted into the l.men and in the interior mil.eu. It detoxifies microbial.components by dephosphoryl.tion and, therefore, down-regul.tes microbe-induced infl.mmation mainl. by inhibiting NF-κB pro-infl.mmatory pathway in enterocytes. IAP gene expression and enzyme activity are infl.enced by the gut microbiota. Conversel., IAP control. gut microbiota composition both directl., and indirectl. though the detoxification of pro-infl.mmatory free l.minal.adenosine triphosphate and infl.mmation inhibition. Inducibl. HSPs are expressed by gut epithel.al.cel.s in proportion to the microbial.l.ad al.ng the gastro-intestinal.tract. They are al.o induced by various microbial.components, metabol.tes and secreted mol.cul.s. Whether iHSPs contribute to shape the gut microbiota is presentl. unknown. Both systems displ.y strong anti-infl.mmatory and anti-oxidant properties that are protective to the gut and the host. Importantl., epithel.al.gene expressions and protein concentrations of IAP and iHSPs can be stimul.ted by probiotics, prebiotics and a l.rge variety of dietary components, incl.ding macronutrients（protein and amino acids, especial.y l.gl.tamine, fat, fiber）, and specific mineral.（e.g. cal.ium）and vitamins（e.g. vitamins K1 and K2）. Some food components（e.g. l.ctins, soybean proteins, various pol.phenol.） may inhibit or disturb these systems. The general.cel.ul.r and mol.cul.

关键词： Diet Gut Inducibl. heat shock protein Infl.mmation Intestinal.al.al.ne phosphatase Microbiota

Study and Model.ng of the Grinding Kinetics of Reactive Rocks in a Cement l.boratory

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Journal.of Mineral. and Material. Characterization and Engineering 2023年第6期11卷 224-248页

作者： Seke Vangu Max Pongo Pongo Charl.s Pongo Pongo Kal.ng Hochéà Musuamba Kabengel. Nathal.e Kisonga Manuku Eric Mungyeko Bisul.ndu baby-jean Robert Facul.é des sciences et technol.gies Université de Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Facul.é Pol.technique Université Kongo Mbanza-Ngungu Democratic Republic of the Congo Pretoria Portl.nd Cement Quality Assurance Malanga Democratic Republic of the Congo Institut de Recherche Futuris—Futuris Research Institute (InReF) OEFC & Département de Génie Rural Institut National du Batiment et des Travaux Publics (INBTP) Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

This articl. focuses on the study of crushing rocks that can repl.ce cl.nker in l.w-carbon cement. A l.boratory bal. mil. was used, varying the duration of the grinding. It has been observed that the specific surface of rocks changes in a nonl.near way with time, due to the aggl.meration of particl.s. To this end, a mathematical.model.describing this evol.tion, which considers van der Waal. forces, has been proposed. And final.y, the model.was adjusted regarding the experimental.data. The resul.s found show that the present model.is more accurate than the cl.ssical.model., because it considers the aggl.meration phenomenon.

关键词： Cementitious Material. Bl.ine Grindabil.ty Model.ng Rittinger Van Der Waal.