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Confronting Inequity in Nigerian Social Milieu： Apprehending Class Stratification in Festus Iyayi＇s Violence

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2013年第3期3卷 144-157页

作者： Niyi Akingbe Christopher babatunde Ogunyemi Ondo State University of Science and Technology Okitipupa Nigeria Ajayi Crowther University Oyo Nigeria

This paper is preoccupied with the delineation of the dialectic of poverty and wealth in Festus Iyayi＇s Violence. The unbridled struggle between the bourgeois and the proletariat in the novel constitutes the onus of the dialectical materialism which underlies an axiomatic focus of societal superstructure. An application of Kenneth Boulding＇s theory of protest to the Nigerian social milieu, poignantly reveals that there is a potent foregrounding of the class stratification between the rich and the poor. The paper will further examine how this dichotomy between the highly placed and the down trodden in the novel has graphically accentuated the poverty index in contemporary Nigeria.

关键词： confronting inequity class stratification violence bourgeois proletariat social milieu Nigeria Festus Iyayi

Evaluation of phytochemical properties and in-vitro antibacterial activity of the aqueous extracts of leaf,seed and root of Abrus precatorius Linn. against Salmonella and Shigella

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第9期6卷 755-759页

作者： Ojo Joseph Sunday Shola Kola babatunde Adeyinka Elizabeth Ajiboye Racheal Majekodunmi Adedayo Mufutau Adeyemi Ajao Busayo Isreal Ajuwon Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology Kwara State University

Objective:To investigate the phytochemical components of Abrus precatorius(***) and the in-vitro susceptibility of Salmonella typhi and Shigella dysenteriae to the aqueous extracts of *** leaf,seed and ***:The leaf,seed and root of *** were collected and homogenized separately after drying at 40℃ for seven days in hot-air *** aqueous extracts of each of the parts were prepared and subjected to phytochemical *** of 400,300,200,100 mg/mL,of each of the extracts were used for broth dilution in minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) determination against clinical isolates of Salmonella typhi and Shigella dysenteriae,while 50,40,30,20,and 10 mg/mL dilutions were used for the agar diffusion test and 100 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL of gentamycin were used as controls for broth dilution in MIC determination and agar diffusion test,***:Qualitative study reveals that tannin,saponins,alkaloids,flavonoids,terpenoids,steroids and phenols were present in all of the plant *** leaf has the highest quantities of tannin and *** root generally showed the lowest quantity of all the *** pathogens were susceptible to aqueous extracts of the leaf,stem and root of *** at 50 mg/*** concentrations of 40,30 and 20 mg/mL,all the aqueous extracts of *** showed variation in MIC,but produced no minimum bactericide effect upon *** were variations in diameter of zone of inhibition against the organisms at lower ***:These findings suggest that *** is a valuable source of phytochemicals with promising antibacterial *** this bioactivity,*** could be probed further for toxicity,and to obtain some novel antibacterial molecules.

关键词： Abrus precatorius Phytochemicals Antibacterial susceptibility Salmonella Shigella

Sociodemographic correlates and associated factors of depression and anxiety among internally displaced adults in Ogoja, Nigeria

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General Psychiatry 2022年第2期35卷 137-147页

作者： Ugbe Maurice-Joel Ugbe Ekpereonne babatunde Esu Joseph Ajah Efut Marvin Muji Bisongedam Theresa Mark Awa Ofem Irom Ekpo Public Health University of CalabarCalabarCross River Nigeria

Background Displaced persons in Nigeria experience various difficultiesat different stages of their displacement,including mental and physical proble *** experiences have been associated with different types of mental *** This study sought to identify sociodem ographic correlates and other factors associated with depression and anxiety among internally displaced adults in Ogoja,Cross River State,*** A cross-sectional study was conducted using non-probabilityand probability sampling *** displaced adults(n=335)were identified in Ogoja locations with a high prevalence of internally displaced persons(IDPs).Their mental health symptoms were assessed using the Common Mental Disorder *** asemistructured questionnaire was employed to collect data on sociodemographic and displacement-related *** were analysed using descriptive statistics.x^(2)analysis and multivariable logistic *** The prevalence of subtypes was 66.0%for anxiety disorder and 73.4%for *** found to be significant in each bivariate x^(2)analysis were modelled for each *** multivariate analysis revealed that prolonged displacement(adjusted odds ratio(AOR)=3.64;p=0.048),reduced family size(AOR=0.28;p<0.001)and fears of reprisal attacks(AOR=4.19;p=0.004)were significantly associated with anxiety *** gender(AOR=2.09;p=0.015).prolonged displacement(AOR=3.55;p-0.020).reducedfamily size(AOR=0.55;p=0.049),financial strain(AOR=5.43 p=0.023)and loss of loved ones(AOR=1.92;p=0.040)were significantly associated with *** The implications of the findings underline the complex aetiology of these two mental problems and the need to cater to the well-being of those at risk who have been exposed to trauma-related *** and affordable mental health services should be provided for these persons while also considering a social welfare scheme that covers their health ***

关键词： displacement sectional conducting

Protein Phosphorylation and Phosphoproteome:An Overview of Rice

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Rice science 2020年第3期27卷 184-200页

作者： Abolore Adijat AJADI Amara CISSE Shakeel AHMAD WANG Yifeng SHU Yazhou LI Shufan LIU Xixi babatunde Kazeem BELLO Sani Muhammad TAJO TONG Xiaohong ZHANG Jian State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology/China National Center for Rice Improvement/Laboratory of Rice Stress Physiology and Regulation China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China Biotechnology Unit National Cereals Research InstituteBadeggiNiger State 912101Nigeria Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Lianyungang 222243China Bioresources Development Center National Biotechnology Development AgencyKano 700241Nigeria

Protein phosphorylation,one of the major post-translational modifications,plays a crucial role in cell signaling,DNA replication,gene expression and differentiation;and alters enzyme activity and other biological activities;and regulates cell proliferation and enlargement,phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling,plant disease resistance,and grain filling and quality during rice seed *** work on protein phosphorylation started in the 1950 s with the discovery of phosphorylase a and phosphorylase b which are phospho and dephospho forms of the same *** the last decade,rice proteomics has accomplished tremendous progress in setting up techniques to proteome nearly all tissues,organs and *** progress made in this field is evident in number of research ***,research on rice protein phosphorylation is still at its infancy and there are still many unanswered *** this review,the general description of protein phosphorylation,including history,structure,frequency of occurrence and function,are *** work also elucidates the different methods for identification,qualification and finally,the progress in rice phosphoproteome research and perspectives.

关键词： phosphoproteome protein phosphorylation post-translational modification rice

A regional GNSS-VTEC model over Nigeria using neural networks： A novel approach

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2016年第1期7卷 19-31页

作者： Daniel Okoh Oluwafisavo Owolabi Christovher Ekechukwu Olanike Folarin Gila Arhiwo Joseph Agbo Segun Bolaji babatunde Rabiu NASRDA Center for Atmospheric Research Kogi State University Anyigba Campus Nigeria Ionospheric & Space Physics Laboratory Department of Physics University of Lagos Nigeria Department of Physics University of Calabar Nigeria Department of Physics Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria Department of Surveying & Geo-informatics Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria

A neural network model of the Global Navigation Satellite System - vertical total electron content （GNSS-VTEC） over Nigeria is developed. A new approach that has been utilized in this work is the consideration of the International Reference Ionosphere＇s （IRI＇s） critical plasma frequency （foF2） parameter as an additional neuron for the network＇s input layer. The work also explores the effects of using various other input layer neurons like distur- bance storm time （DST） and sunspot number. All available GNSS data from the Nigerian Permanent GNSS Network （NIGNET） were used, and these cover the period from 2011 to 2015, for 14 stations. Asides increasing the learning accuracy of the networks, the inclusion of the IRI＇s foF2 parameter as an input neuron is ideal for making the networks to learn long-term solar cycle variations. This is important especially for regions, like in this work, where the GNSS data is available for less than the period of a solar cycle. The neural network model developed in this work has been tested for time-varying and spatial per- formances. The latest 10% of the GNSS observations from each of the stations were used to test the forecasting ability of the networks, while data from 2 of the stations were entirely used for spatial performance testing. The results show that root-mean-squared-errors were generally less than 8.5 TEC units for all modes of testing performed using the optimal network. When compared to other models, the model developed in this work was observed to reduce the prediction errors to about half those of the NeQuick and the IRI model.

关键词： Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS) ionosphereTotal electron content (TEC)Nigerian permanent GNSS network(NIGNET)Neural networkInternational reference ionosphere(IRI)

The Asymmetrical Behaviour of the SqH Current System during the Prenoon-Postnoon Epochs at African Longitudes

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Journal of Aerospace Science and Technology 2015年第1期1卷 9-17页

作者： Charles Owolabi babatunde Rabiu Kayode Oluyo Department of Physics School of Sciences Federal University of Technology Akure 340252 Nigeria NARSDA (National Space Research and Development Agency) Abuja 900211 Nigeria Department of Physics Faculty of Physical Sciences Yaba College of Technology Lagos 101212 Nigeria

This study examines the prenoon-postnoon asymmetrical behaviour and latitudinal dependence of Sq （solar quiet） current system using data of quiet-time daily variations of the geomagnetic field intensity from twelve geomagnetic observatories along the African Meridian. The dataset of each month during 2009 （noted for empirically low solar activity with average sunspot number Rz = 3.1） was treated for non-cyclic correction. From a blend of spatial contour maps and graphical analyses, our results show that Sq current system exhibits in the daytime unstable tendency. A consistent diurnal variation of solar quiet variation in the horizontal component of earth magnetic field （SqH） was observed which exhibits synoptic pre-noon and post-noon mean values of 59 nT and 33 nT with ranges of 33 nT and 24 nT, respectively. The centre of circulation of overhead electric current is observed to exhibit both pre-noon and post-noon epoch＇s asymmetric variations. This is noted to indicate the dynamic heterogeneous genesis of the mechanism responsible for the observation. The spatial contour mapping result depicts SqH behaviour switch twice a year around March and September with similar spatial distribution in January up to March and then October up to December. A similar distribution was noted for the months of April to September. Prenoon values of SqH have higher magnitudes across the latitudes in comparison with the post noon values just as is the case at noontime.

关键词： solar quiet variation pre-noon epoch ionospheric current system variability.

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2013年第2期3卷 82-85页

作者： Felix Ilesanmi Alao Samson babatunde Folarin King Fahd University of Petroleum and Mineral Dhahran Saudi Arabia Mathematical Science Department Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria

This paper determines the influence of the radiation and heat transfer on the compressible boundary layer flow using similarity solutions approach. The Roseland approximation is used to describe the radiative heat flux in the energy equation and the compressible boundary layer equations are transformed using Stewartson transformation. Similarity (invariant) solutions for the governing partial differential equations system are constructed. The shooting method is employed to transform the resulting non-linear boundary value problem into initial value problem, which is solved numerically. The effects of various parameters on the velocity and temperature profiles as well as the Falkner skan exponent and Prandtl number are shown graphically.

关键词： Radiation Heat Transfer Stewartson Transformation Roseland Approximation

Transesterification of castor oil:neuro‑fuzzy modelling,uncertainty quantification and optimization study

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2023年第4期3卷 669-680页

作者： Kehinde A.babatunde Kazeem K.Salam Olufunmilayo A.Aworanti Olusesan A.Olu-Arotiowa Solomon O.Alagbe Titilayo D.Oluwole Department of Chemical Engineering Ladoke Akintola University of Technology(LAUTECH)P.M.B.4000OgbomosoNigeria

This study conducted experiments used for the development of both the regression model with uncertainty analysis and the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system(ANFIS)model for the prediction of the yield of biodiesel(YB)produced from castor oil in the presence of calcium oxide derived from the *** Behnken design(BBD)was used to develop the experimental condition for five different variables while YB was the *** analysis was determined from Monte Carlo simulation(MCS).The model was optimized and validated before the generated data was applied in the three ANFIS modelling *** mean square error(RMSE),coefficient of correlation(R^(2))and average percentage error(APE)were used to determine the accuracy of the models *** result of this modelling shows that the optimum YB(94.29%)was achieved at a methanol to oil ratio of 11.48,catalyst loading of 3.38 wt%,reaction time of 1.84 h,the temperature of 60.2℃,and agitation of 343.5 *** prediction from BBD,ANFIS and MCS agreed that the methanol to oil ratio was the most important parameter for *** considered ANFIS model technique(subtractive clustering)for the modelling of YB outperformed BBD *** novelty of this study are the determination of the optimum condition for the transesterification of castor oil in the presence of thermally treated anthill,the establishment of the use of ANFIS in modelling YB,the prediction of the influence of variables on YB using both statistical and,AI techniques and validation of the predictions from the two methods using MCS.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Calcium oxide Eggshell Biodiesel Modelling Box Behnken design

Mutational search for high temperature (60<sup>o</sup>C) tolerant variant of Rhizobium species CWP G34A—Mutation generates high temperature variant of Rhizobium species Cwp G34A

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2011年第4期2卷 255-262页

作者： Bolatito Esther Boboye babatunde Ayodeji Ogundeji Helen Evbohoin Department of Microbiology Federal University of Technology P. M. B. 704 Akure Nigeria West Africa

This study focused on the development of thermophilic strain/s of a cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) compatible nitrogen fixing bacterium. A preliminary plant screening was carried out using some strains of tropical rhizobia and cowpea. Rhizobium species CWP G34A that formed Fix+ nodules repeatedly was selected for further studies. First, it was tested for growth at high temperatures of 40 to 55oC at 5oC interval with 28oC as the control temperature. Mutagenesis was conducted on the bacterium with ethylmethane sulphonate (EMS). The wildtype and mutants generated were tested for high temperature tolerance by growing them individually in nutrient broth at 60oC for 24 hours. Optical density (670 nm) was read before and after incubation. The mutants were grouped into classes based on percentage difference in OD values obtained before and after exposure to 60oC. Rhizobium species CWP G34A produced functional pink nodules on the cowpea consistently in three different plant tests. There was no growth at all the temperatures tested except at 28oC and 40oC after 24 hours of incubation. It grew better at former (51 × 1010 Cfu/ml) than latter (11 Cfu/ml) temperature. Like the parental strain, all the mutants but one, did not grow after exposure to 60oC. Sixty degree centigrade caused various reductions in optical density (OD) values of the variants. Eleven classes of the mutants were formed with membership percentage ranging from 1 to 22%. Class 1 contains only one member while class 11 has the highest mutant population of 22% with OD difference of 0 to 10% and –90 to –100% respectively. The high percentage reduction in the OD of variants in class 11 is similar to that of the unmutated cells (–94.56%). The only mutant that survived the 60oC and grew was MU70. An increase of 1.67% in OD was obtained for MU70. Mutant MU70 therefore appeared a promising strain that can be further tested to inoculate cowpea in the dry and warm season for increased nitrogen fixation. This will provide en

关键词： Mutation High Temperature Growth and Rhizobium Species CWP G34A