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Effect of dew point on hot-dip galvanizing behavior of a high-manganese TWIP steel for automotive application

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2020年第10期27卷 1200-1211页

作者： Ting-dong Ren Wen Shi Ren-dong Liu Li Lin Hong-gang Yang Lin Li babar Shahzad School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China Ansteel Group Co. Anshan 114021LiaoningChina Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016LiaoningChina

The effect of dew points(-50,-l0 and+10℃)on the galvanizing properties of a high-manganese twinning-inducedplasticity(TWIP)steel was *** electron microscopy(SEM),glow discharge optical emission spectrometry(GDOES)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)were used for microscopic observation and qualitative analysis of the interfacial layer between the steel surface and the zinc layer after hot-dip *** analysis results show thatthree diffcrent morphologies of metallic oxides are formed on the interfacial layer under the different dew *** results show that Al is present in the molten zinc,reacting with Fe on the steel surface to form Fe2Al5,which can increasethe galvanizing *** results show that the valence states of Mn in the interfacial alloy layer are Mn'*and Mn*+,and the valence stales of Fe are Fe^0,Fe^2+and Fe^3+.The experimental results show that the hot-dip galvanizing performanceis the best at-10℃ and the formation of Mn and Fe intermetallic oxides has a bad effect on hot-dip galvanizing behaviorof the high-manganese TWIP *** types of the formed surface oxides(MnO,Mn3O4,Mn2O3,FeO3,and Fe2MnO4)onthe surface of the steel sheet are *** can obtain the best hot-dip galvanizing performance of the high-manganese TWIP steel by controlling the dew point from-10 to-5℃.

关键词： High-manganese twinning-induced plasticity steel-Hot-dip galvanizing Dew point-Glow discharge optical emission spectrometry X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Surface oxide

Facile magnetoresistance adjustment of graphene foam for magnetic sensor applications through microstructure tailoring

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Nano Materials Science 2020年第4期2卷 346-352页

作者： Rizwan Ur Rehman Sagar Min Zhang Xiaohao Wang babar Shabbir Florian JStadler Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and TechnologyGuangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518055China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen518055China Department of Materials Science and Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies(FLEET)Monash UniversityClaytonVictoria3800Australia

Graphene foam is becoming a material of choice for magnetoelectronic devices due to its large,linear and unsaturated room temperature ***,the magnetoresistance of graphene foam is not as large as that of monolayer ***,we describe how magnetoresistance^100%was detected at room temperature under a magnetic field of 5 T that is comparable to the magnetoresistance in monolayer graphene;the highest magnetoresistance of^158%was detected at 5 K under a magnetic field of 5 *** monolayer graphene,graphene foam is far more comfortable with producing in gram scale and utilizing in magnetoelectronic devices.

关键词： Graphene foam Magnetoresistance Porosity Defects Surface area

Structure and floristic composition of tree stand in tropical forest in the Eastern Ghats of northern Andhra Pradesh, India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2011年第4期22卷 491-500页

作者： C. Sudhakar Reddy Shilpa babar Giriraj Amarnath Chiranjibi Pattanaik Forestry and Ecology Division National Remote Sensing Centre Indian Space Research Organization Hyderabad - 500 625 Andhra Pradesh India. MENRIS Division International Centre for Integrated Mountain Develop- ment Kathmandu Nepal Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology & Natural History Deccan Regional Sta- tion 12-13-588/B Nagarjuna Nagar Colony Tarnaka Hyderabad-500 017Andhra Pradesh India.

The changes in species composition, abundance and forest stand structure were analyzed across altitudinal regimes in tropical forests of Eastern Ghats of northern Andhra Pradesh, India. Three 1-ha plots were established with one each in low, medium and high altitudes. A total of 153 species, 2129 stems （709 stems .ha^-1） of ≥10 cm girth were enumerated. Species richness and diversity pattern varied along altitudinal gradient and increased with the altitude. Species richness varied from 52 to 110 species-ha^-1 and stand density from 639 to 836 ***^-1 with average basal area of 34.39 m^***^-1. Shannon-Wiener index （H＇） ranged from 4.55 to 5.17. Low altitude （i.e., Site 1） is dominated byXylia xylocarpa （59.22） and Lagerstroemia parviflora （23.90）, medium altitude （i.e., Site 2） by Xylia xylocarpa （45;50） Bursera serrata （17.29）, and high altitude （i.e., Site 3） has Schleichera oleosa （28.25） Pterocarpus marsupium （26.55） as predominant species. Taxonomically, Rubiaceae （12 species）, Fabaceae （12）, Euphorbiaceae （11）, Rutaceae （7） and Lanraceae （7） were dominant families. Density-wise, Fabaceae, Combretaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Anacardiaceae and Myrtaceae were abundant. Thus, conservation assessment based on altitudinal regimes and the information on species structure and function can provide baseline information for monitoring and sustaining the biodiversity.

关键词： altitude conservation diversity Eastern Ghats speciescomposition

Automatic Quality Inspection of Bakery Products Based on Shape and Color Information

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2017年第5期24卷 88-96页

作者： babar Khan Fang Han Zhijie Wang Ather Iqbal College of Information Science and Technology Donghua University

An automatic intelligent system for the colour and texture inspection of bakery products is *** this system,advance classification technique featuring Support Vector Machine and biologically inspired HMAX based shape descriptor integrated with biologically plausible RGB Opponent-Colour-Channel Descriptor is used to classify bakery products to their respective classes based on the shape and based on their colour referring to different baking durations. The results of this paper are compared with other methods for the automatic bakery products inspection. It is discovered that biologically inspired computer vision models performs accurately and efficiently as compared to the computer vision models which are not biologically plausible,in the bakery products quality inspection. It is also discovered that the One Versus One SVM and Directed Acyclic Graph SVM acquired the maximum accurate classification rate. The proposed method acquired classification accuracy of 95% and 100% for the biscuit shape and biscuit colour recognition,respectively. The proposed method is also consistently stable and invariant. This shows that the biologically inspired computer vision models have the capability to replace existing inspection methods as more reliable and accurate alternative.

关键词： Bakery products quality inspection computer vision HMAX opponent color channel RGB color descriptor Support Vector Machine (SVM)

A Real-Time Automatic Translation of Text to Sign Language

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 2471-2488页

作者： Muhammad Sanaullah babar Ahmad Muhammad Kashif Tauqeer Safdar Mehdi Hassan Mohd Hilmi Hasan Norshakirah Aziz Department of Computer Science Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Air UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Centre for Research in Data Science Department of Computer and Information SciencesUniversitiTeknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia

Communication is a basic need of every human being;by this,they can learn,express their feelings and exchange their ideas,but deaf people cannot listen and *** communication,they use various hands gestures,also known as Sign Language(SL),which they learn from special *** normal people have not taken SL classes;therefore,they are unable to perform signs of daily routine sentences(e.g.,what are the specifications of this mobile phone?).A technological solution can facilitate in overcoming this communication gap by which normal people can communicate with deaf *** paper presents an architecture for an application named Sign4PSL that translates the sentences to Pakistan Sign Language(PSL)for deaf people with visual representation using virtual signing *** research aims to develop a generic independent application that is lightweight and reusable on any platform,including web and mobile,with an ability to perform offline text *** Sign4PSL relies on a knowledge base that stores both corpus of PSL Words and their coded form in the notation ***4PSL takes English language text as an input,performs the translation to PSL through sign language notation and displays gestures to the user using virtual *** system is tested on deaf students at a special *** results have shown that the students were able to understand the story presented to them appropriately.

关键词： Sign language sign markup language deaf communication hamburg notations machine translation

Pediatric and congenital heart disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: the triple threat

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2021年第2期4卷 45-47页

作者： Salem T Argaw Maryam S babar Dominique Vervoort Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA 2 Dubai Medical College DubaiUAE Department of Health Policy and Management Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA

The COVID-19 pandemic has left an unprec-edented mark on the *** of April 2021,over 100 million people have been confirmed with COVID-19,leading to nearly 3 million deaths-and counting.1 Children have been found to pr... 详细信息

关键词： congenital death pediatric

On Computer Implementation for Comparison of Inverse Numerical Schemes for Non-Linear Equations

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2021年第3期36卷 493-507页

作者： Mudassir Shams Naila Rafiq Nazir Ahmad Mir babar Ahmad Saqib Abbasi Mutee-Ur-Rehman Kayani Department of Mathematics and Statistics Riphah International UniversityI-14Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Mathematics NUMLIslamabadPakistan Department of Mathematics Comsats UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan

In this research article,we interrogate two new modifications in inverse Weierstrass iterative method for estimating all roots of non-linear equation *** modifications enables us to accelerate the convergence order of inverse Weierstrass method from 2 to *** analysis proves that the orders of convergence of the two newly constructed inverse methods are *** computer algebra system Mathematica,we find the lower bound of the convergence order and verify it *** planes of the inverse simultaneous methods and classical iterative methods are generated using MATLAB(R2011b),to present the global convergence properties of inverse simultaneous iterative methods as compared to classical *** non-linear models are taken from Physics,Chemistry and engineering to demonstrate the performance and efficiency of the newly constructed *** CPU time,and residual graphs of the methods are provided to present the dominance behavior of our newly constructed methods as compared to existing inverse and classical simultaneous iterative methods in the literature.

关键词： Non-linear equation inverse iterative method simultaneous method basins of attraction lower bound of convergence

Sign Language to Sentence Formation:A Real Time Solution for Deaf People

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 2501-2519页

作者： Muhammad Sanaullah Muhammad Kashif babar Ahmad Tauqeer Safdar Mehdi Hassan Mohd Hilmi Hasan Amir Haider Bahauddin Zakariya University Department of Computer ScienceMultan60000Pakistan Air University Department of Computer ScienceMultan60000Pakistan Air University Department of Computer ScienceIslamabad44000Pakistan Centre for Research in Data Science Department of Computer and Information SciencesUniversiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea

Communication is a basic need of every human being to exchange thoughts and interact with the *** peoples usually confab through different spoken languages,whereas deaf people cannot do ***,the Sign Language(SL)is the communication medium of such people for their conversation and interaction with the *** SL is expressed in terms of specific gesture for every word and a gesture is consisted in a sequence of performed *** acute people normally observe these signs to understand the difference between single and multiple gestures for singular and plural words *** signs for singular words such as I,eat,drink,home are unalike the plural words as school,cars,players.A special training is required to gain the sufficient knowledge and practice so that people can differentiate and understand every gesture/sign *** researches have been performed to articulate the computer-based solution to understand the single gesture with the help of a single hand *** complete understanding of such communications are possible only with the help of this differentiation of gestures in computer-based solution of SL to cope with the real world ***,there is still a demand for specific environment to automate such a communication solution to interact with such type of special *** research focuses on facilitating the deaf community by capturing the gestures in video format and then mapping and differentiating as single or multiple gestures used in ***,these are converted into the respective words/sentences within a reasonable *** provide a real time solution for the deaf people to communicate and interact with the society.

关键词： Sign language machine learning conventional neural network image processing deaf community

Symmetric carbon tetramers forming spin qubits in hexagonal boron nitride

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 407-416页

作者： Zsolt Benedek Rohit babar Ádám Ganyecz Tibor Szilvási Örs Legeza Gergely Barcza Viktor Ivády Strongly Correlated Systems Lendület Research Group Wigner Research Centre for PhysicsPO Box 49H-1525 BudapestHungary MTA-ELTE Lendület“Momentum”NewQubit Research Group Pázmány PéterSétány 1/A1117 BudapestHungary Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA Institute for Advanced Study Technical University of MunichLichtenbergstrasse 2a85748 GarchingGermany Department of Physics of Complex Systems Eötvös Loránd UniversityEgyetem tér 1-3H-1053 BudapestHungary Department of Physics Chemistry and BiologyLinköping UniversitySE-58183 LinköpingSweden

Point defect quantum bits in semiconductors have the potential to revolutionize sensing at atomic ***,vacancy-related defects are at the forefront of high spatial resolution and low-dimensional *** the other hand,it is expected that impurity-related defect structures may give rise to new features that could further advance quantum sensing in low ***,we study the symmetric carbon tetramer clusters in hexagonal boron nitride and propose them as spin qubits for *** utilize periodic-DFT and quantum chemistry approaches to reliably and accurately predict the electronic,optical,and spin properties of the studied *** show that the nitrogen-centered symmetric carbon tetramer gives rise to spin state-dependent optical signals with strain-sensitive intersystem crossing ***,the weak hyperfine coupling of the defect to their spin environments results in a reduced electron spin resonance linewidth that can enhance sensitivity.

关键词： hexagonal boron quantum