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Development of Molecular Marker Linked with Cercospora Leaf Spot (CLS) Disease Resistance in Vigna radiata, Cloning, and Expression for Evaluating Antifungal Activity against Cercospora canescens

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第4期92卷 1289-1300页

作者： Maria babar Siddra Ijaz Imran Ul Haq Muhammad Sarwar Khan Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology(CABB) University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad38040Pakistan Department of Plant Pathology University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad38040Pakistan

We developed a molecular marker for MAS of mungbean resistant varieties against CLS from the consensus sequence(MB-CLsRG)of identified RGAs(MB-ClsRCaG1 and MB-ClsRCaG2).The MB-CLsRG sequence-specific primer pair was used to screen Cercospora leaf spot(CLS)resistant varieties of mungbean in genomic analysis that showed congruency with phenotypic *** of molecular marker linkage with CLS resistance was performed using rtPCR in transcriptomic *** sequenced PCR products showed 100%homology with MB-CLsRG sequence and putative disease resistance proteins that confirmed the linkage of molecular marker with CLS resistance in *** antifungal potential of MB-CLsRG gene encoding protein was *** MB-CLsRG gene sequence was cloned in the *** expression vector for recombinant protein *** recombinant protein was then investigated for its in vitro antifungal potential against Cercospora *** in vitro investigation showed strong antifungal activity of recombinant protein as it restricted the growth of fungal mycelial *** results validated the linkage of developed marker with CLS-resistant mungbean varieties;therefore,it can be used to screen resistant varieties from a large population in ***,the recombinant protein of the MB-CLsRG gene sequence revealed antifungal potential,which proved the gene sequence could be suitable to use in transgenic plants technology to develop fungal-resistant transgenic crops.

关键词： Molecular marker mungbean MAS recombinant protein antifungal potential

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DQN-Based Proactive Trajectory Planning of UAVs in Multi-Access Edge Computing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 4685-4702页

作者： Adil Khan Jinling Zhang Shabeer Ahmad Saifullah Memon babar Hayat Ahsan Rafiq School of Electronic Engineering Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China Department of Automation Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing400065China

The main aim of future mobile networks is to provide secure,reliable,intelligent,and seamless *** also enables mobile network operators to ensure their customer’s a better quality of service(QoS).Nowadays,Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)are a significant part of the mobile network due to their continuously growing use in various *** better coverage,cost-effective,and seamless service connectivity and provisioning,UAVs have emerged as the best choice for telco *** can be used as flying base stations,edge servers,and relay nodes in mobile *** the other side,Multi-access EdgeComputing(MEC)technology also emerged in the 5G network to provide a better quality of experience(QoE)to users with different QoS ***,UAVs in a mobile network for coverage enhancement and better QoS face several challenges such as trajectory designing,path planning,optimization,QoS assurance,mobilitymanagement,*** efficient and proactive path planning and optimization in a highly dynamic environment containing buildings and obstacles are ***,an automated Artificial Intelligence(AI)enabled QoSaware solution is needed for trajectory planning and ***,this work introduces a well-designed AI and MEC-enabled architecture for a UAVs-assisted future *** has an efficient Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL)algorithm for real-time and proactive trajectory planning and *** also fulfills QoS-aware service provisioning.A greedypolicy approach is used to maximize the long-term reward for serving more users *** results reveal the superiority of the proposed DRL mechanism for energy-efficient and QoS-aware trajectory planning over the existing models.

关键词： Multi-access edge computing UAVs trajectory planning QoS assurance reinforcement learning deep Q network

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Dissolution and repair of passive film on Cu-bearing 304L stainless steels immersed in H_2SO_4 solution

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第11期34卷 2149-2159页

作者： Xinrui Zhang Jinlong Zhao Tong Xi M.babar Shahzad Chunguang Yang Ke Yang School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

The antibacterial Cu-bearing 304 L stainless steel is a new kind of structural and functional integrated metal material. In this work, evolution behavior of passive film of different heat treated Cu-bearing 304 L stainless steel immersed in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution was investigated by using electrochemical measurements, atomic force microscopy（AFM） observation and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） *** results show that the solution and aging treated samples have the similar polarization behaviors. The passive film impedance experiences an initial decrease within 7 days followed by a subsequent increase,while the defect density of passive film presents the opposite trend. Meanwhile, the evolution of surface morphology and the estimated thickness of the passive film confirm that it experiences initial dissolution and follow-up repair. Furthermore, the Cr^3＋ content in passive film undergoes sequential reduction to increase, however the variation tendency of Cu^2＋ content is just opposite, indicating that the content variation of Cr and Cu in passive film reflects the competitive process of film dissolution and repair. In addition, compared with solution treated samples, aged samples have a bigger icorrvalue and the rougher passive film. This indicates that the passive film of solution treated steel is more compact and stable.

关键词： Cu-bearing stainless steel 304L-Cu Passive film

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Range extension of four highland agamid lizards in Shimshal Pamir,Pakistan

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Journal of Arid Land 2012年第1期4卷 77-84页

作者： babar KHAN Waseem AHMED Abdukadir Ablimit Shamim FAKHRI Hassan ALI Pakistan Wildlife Foundation Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences World Wide Fund for Nature Pakistan Zoological Survey Department

As part of the Sino-Pak trans-boundary cooperation for conservation and sustainable development in Pamir border region, World Wild Fund （WWF）-Pakistan conducted a preliminary social, economic and ecological survey in the ShimshaI-Pamir Lakes area in July 2009. The purpose of the study was to explore potentials and opportunities for future collaborative conservation of some species, habitats and high altitude ecosystems in the border region between China and Pakistan. The two-week herpetological study in the Shimshal Pamir area of Khunjerab National Park （KNP） along Pakistan-China border was an integral part of the survey, conducted exclu- sively to document reptilian fauna with a special emphasis on investigating their occurrence, distribution and status in the study area. Field investigations were performed during daytime when it was hot enough and reptiles were active, basking or feeding. A total of 15 specimens belonging to four species of the Agamidae family were captured by striking stones and beating bushes with sticks. Collected specimens were preserved using 10% formalin solution, tagged with field information and stored in Zoological Survey Department, Karachi for future reference. Laboratory investigations were carried out for pholidosic counts and morphometric measurements. A detailed review of relevant literature, habitat characteristics and laboratory investigations revealed the occurrence of Laudakia himalayana, L. pakistanica, L. tuberculata and L. badakhshana at 4,082 m, 4,172 m, 4,005 m and 4,240 m asl, respectively, which are much higher altitudes as compared to the previously reported heights of 3,353 m, 3,200 m, 2,500 m and 2,400 m asl. The terrain offers a variety of ecological barriers, in the form of fast and freezing running waters and massive glaciers with peculiar harsh climatic conditions prevailing for nine months of the year, which restricts species migration and thus increases endemism. Although one of the four species recorded from the

关键词： Laudakia himalayana L. pakistanica L. tuberculat L. badakhshana Agarnidae Gilgit-Baltistan Khunjerab National Park Pakistan

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The Impact of Parental Migration on Middle School Student’s Non-Cognitive Abilities in China Evidence-Based on China Education Panel Survey(CEPS)

The Impact of Parental Migration on Middle School Student’s...

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作者： babar Nawaz Abbasi 陕西师范大学

学位级别：硕士

在中国,大量农村人口外出务工极大地促进了经济的快速增长。当前外出务工人员数量将近1亿。农村人口外出不仅可以通过其劳动力为自己带来实质性的收益,而且会给他们的家庭和他们所在的社区带来强大的影响和变革。这些农村外出人口对家... 详细信息

在中国,大量农村人口外出务工极大地促进了经济的快速增长。当前外出务工人员数量将近1亿。农村人口外出不仅可以通过其劳动力为自己带来实质性的收益,而且会给他们的家庭和他们所在的社区带来强大的影响和变革。这些农村外出人口对家庭结构的影响,特别是对他们孩子所产生的影响非常值得研究。例如,许多案例表明,农村父母搬到城市寻求更高的收入,因而常会将他们的孩子留在家里。父母陪伴的缺乏是影响儿童非认知能力的众多因素之一,它会影响孩子的人格特征或思维模式、感情以及行为模式。儿童发展研究表明,儿童非认知能力的发展水平与他们将来的就业率、受教育水平和自我效能感之间有很强的相关性。更重要的是,对非认知能力的发展进行干预可以改进学生的表现,减少其不当的行为问题。因此,儿童非认知能力的发展关系到中国未来人力资源质量的提高、经济的高质量发展以及社会秩序的稳定。因此,在中国,父母外出是否对留守儿童的非认知能力产生不利影响有待进一步研究。为此,本研究探讨了中国父母外出对中学生非认知能力的影响。本研究通过使用中国教育追踪调查(CEPS)的数据,探索了父母外出对初中学生非认知能力的影响。CEPS是一项大规模、具有全国代表性的纵向调查,从2013/2014年开始,调查以基线队列——7年级农村学生(31个省、自治区、直辖市(不含港澳台地区))28个县级单位的112所学校为调查对象,共调查了 438个班,19487名学生。由中国人民大学国家调查研究中心(NSRC)开展的2014-2015学年调查9年级学生人数为10750。然而,考虑到这项研究的重点是留守儿童,它只关注在基线和末期的农村学生,故本研究采用以下方法:第一,利用描述性统计分析研究变量的统计特征获得变量的基本信息,突出变量之间的潜在关系。第二,采用双重差分模型(DID)来探查父母外出的不同情况对中学生在基期和末期之间的非认知能力的影响,从而了解父母外出对这两个时期是否有影响。第三,本研究采用了平衡测试和共同支持假说测试,因为对倾向得分匹配模型(PSM)的估计需要此类测试。第四,通过使用倾向得分匹配模型合并基线数据和追踪数据,研究了父母外出对中学生非认知能力的影响。最终,本研究进行了父母外出对中学生非认知能力影响的异质性分析(HEA)。双重差分模型(DID)结果显示,在评估父母外出所有不同情况对留守儿童基期和末期非认知能力的影响时,发现所有不同的父母外出情况均不会影响留守儿童的非认知能力。此外,倾向性分数匹配(PSM)的结果表明,父母在家的子女比父母一方外出或双方都外出的子女更有可能获得更高的非认知能力。由于父母外出的子女可能具有较低的非认知能力,这意味着父母一方或双方外出的子女与父母双方都在家的子女的非认知能力存在差异。此外,只有父亲或父母双方外出对子女的非认知能力有负面影响,但母亲一个人外出对子女的非认知能力有积极影响。这表明父母与孩子同住与将孩子留给亲戚、祖父母或其他人相比,对孩子非认知能力的发展会产生更好的影响。此外,异质性分析(HEA)表明,在父母外出的所有情况中,父母外出对子女非认知能力的影响是不同的,非认知能力水平较高的儿童与非认知能力水平低的儿童相比,受父母外出的负面影响较小。此外,从性别角度考虑,在父母外出的所有情况中,那些只有母亲外出的男孩所受的负面影响的要小于只有母亲外出对女孩所带来的影响。因此,父母外出对留守儿童非认知能力的影响存在性别差异。此外,就独生子女而言,最重要的是父母外出的情况,只有父亲或父母双方都外出的独生子女比只有母亲外出的独生子女更容易受到父母外出所带来的负面影响。此外,在所有父母外出的情况中,与只有父亲外出且有非良性朋友的子女相比,父母外出对只有母亲外出且至少有一个非良性朋友的子女所带来的负面影响小。因此,父母外出对留守儿童的非认知能力的影响是敏感的。综上,父母外出对子女非认知能力的影响在性别、是否是独生子女、是否有非良性朋友等方面存在异质性。本研究根据调查结果提出了一些政策建议。首先,对于基线阶段,政府已经采取了控制措施或政策以减少父母外出对子女非认知能力的影响,但在评估期研究发现,父母外出的所有情况在基期和末期之间对留守儿童的非认知能力没有影响。因此,政府应重新制定一套新的计划以尽可能减少父母双方外出对子女非认知能力的影响。其次,关于父母外出后子女在非认知能力方面的问题,政府应鼓励父母外出时带上子女,改善他们的生活环境。例如,通过提供学校、水电、道路、安全等公共服务,以及为经营小型、中型和大型企业提供其他政策性激励措施,以消除父母外出所带来的负面影响。因此,政府必须为创造和改善外出父母所处的环境奠定基础。通过提供工作、增加收入来源和宜居的环境,可以在降低外出率的同时,增加当地的收入并促进发展。再次,由于父母外出对子女非认知能力的影响在性别、是否为独生子女、子女是否有非良

关键词：父母外出非认知能力人力资本发展中国

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Polarization-based optimal detection scheme for digital self-interference cancellation in full-duplex system

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2020年第3期27卷 73-82页

作者： Adil Khan Zhang Jinling Muhammad Ayzed Mirza Sibghat Ullah Erum Ab basi babar Hayat School of Electronic Engineering Beijing University of Posts and Telecom municationBeijing 100876China

In order to detect and cancel the self-interference(SI)signal from desired binary phase-shift keying(BPSK)signal,the polarization-based optimal detection(POD)scheme for cancellation of digital SI in a full-duplex(FD)system is *** POD scheme exploits the polarization domain to isolate the desired signal from the SI signal and then cancel the SI to obtain the interference-free desired signal at the *** FD communication,after antenna and analog cancellation,the receiver still contains residual SI due to non-linearities of hardware *** POD scheme,a likelihood ratio expression is obtained,which isolates and detects SI bits from the desired *** isolation of these signal points,the POD scheme cancels the residual *** compared to the conventional schemes,the proposed POD scheme gives significantly low bit error rate(BER),a clear constellation diagram to obtain the boundary between desired and SI signal points,and increases the receiver's SI cancellation performance in low signal to interference ratio(SIR)environment.

关键词： polarization full-duplex self-interference cancellation optimal detection

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Adaptive Runtime Monitoring of Service Level Agreement Violations in Cloud Computing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 4199-4220页

作者： Sami Ullah Khan babar Nazir Muhammad Hanif Akhtar Ali Sardar Alam Usman Habib Department of Computer Science COMSATS UniversityAbbottabad CampusPakistan Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Ghulam Ishaq Khan(GIK)Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology TopiPakistan IFahja Pvt Limited PeshawarPakistan Department of Computer Science National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences IslamabadChiniot-Faisalabad CampusPakistan

The cloud service level agreement(SLA)manage the relationship between service providers and consumers in cloud *** is an integral and critical part of modern era IT vendors and communication *** to low cost and flexibility more and more consumers delegate their tasks to cloud providers,the SLA emerges as a key aspect between the consumers and *** monitoring of Quality of Service(QoS)attributes is required to implement SLAs because of the complex nature of cloud *** other factors,such as user reliability,satisfaction,and penalty on violations are also taken into ***,there is no such policy of cloud SLA monitoring to minimize SLA *** this work,we have proposed a cloud SLA monitoring policy by dividing a monitoring session into two parts,for critical and non-critical *** critical and non-critical parameters will be decided on the interest of the consumer during SLA *** will help to shape a new comprehensive SLA based Proactive Resource Allocation Approach(RPAA)which will monitor SLA at runtime,analyze the SLA parameters and try to find the possibility of SLA *** also have implemented an adaptive system for allocating cloud IT resources based on SLA violations and *** have defined two main components of SLA-PRAA i.e.,(a)Handler and(b)Accounting and Billing *** have also described the function of both components through *** experimental results validate the performance of our proposed method in comparison with state-of-the-art cloud SLA policies.

关键词： Energy consumption penalty calculation proactive resource allocation service level agreement(SLA)monitoring SLA violation detection

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An Optimized Test Case Minimization Technique Using Genetic Algorithm for Regression Testing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6789-6806页

作者： Rubab Sheikh Muhammad Imran babar Rawish Butt Abdelzahir Abdelmaboud Taiseer Abdalla Elfadil Eisa Bahria University Islamabad46000Pakistan Department of Computer Science FAST-National University of Computer and Emerging SciencesIslamabadPakistan Department of Computer Science SZABISTIslamabad46000Pakistan Department of Information Systems College of Science and ArtsKing Khalid UniversityMahayil AsirSaudi Arabia

Regression testing is a widely used approach to confirm the correct functionality of the software in incremental *** use of test cases makes it easier to test the ripple effect of changed *** testingmay help in meeting the quality criteria that is based on the conformance to the requirements as given by the intended ***,a minimized and prioritized set of test cases may reduce the efforts and time required for testingwhile focusing on the timely delivery of the software *** this research,a technique named Test Reduce has been presented to get a minimal set of test cases based on high priority to ensure that the web applicationmeets the required quality criteria.A new technique TestReduce is proposed with a blend of genetic algorithm to find an optimized and minimal set of test *** ultimate objective associated with this study is to provide a technique that may solve the minimization problem of regression test cases in the case of linked *** this research,the 100-Dollar prioritization approach is used to define the priority of the new requirements.

关键词： Test case minimization regression testing testreduce genetic algorithm 100-dollar prioritization

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SC Currents Minimization in Distributed Generation Embedded Distribution Networks with Optimal Application of FCLs

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第5期8卷 1388-1397页

作者： Irtaza Sohail babar Hussain M.Abubakar Intisar Ali Sajjad M.Faisal Nadeem Muhammad Sarwar Fauji Fertilizer Company Sadiqabad 64350Pakistan EED UETTaxilaPunjab 47050Pakistan

For meeting the increased demand of electrical power,distributed generation(DG)based on renewable energy resources(RERs),has become a potential alternative to large plants based on fossil *** power from environmentally friendly RERs is available at a competitive price due to technological advancements in recent ***,optimal allocation of DG at the distribution network(DN)level may result in power loss reduction,improvement in voltage profile and the network’s overall ***,integration of DG may increase the short circuit(SC)level beyond the capacity of the protection gear,conductors,transformers and other components of a *** high short circuit currents(SCCs)may be reduced by application of a fault current limiter(FCL).However,most of the existing literature proposes optimization of FCLs size by considering only normal configurations of a *** approach is inappropriate as it may fail to produce the desired reduction in SCCs in different N−1 contingency *** this paper,a new strategy is presented that considers both normal as well as various contingency situations for optimal allocation of FCLs in a DN with DG *** strategy is implemented in the IEEE 30-bus system in a MATLAB environment using a genetic algorithm(GA).The simulation results prove that the proposed strategy is effective in determining the optimal FCLs size that restricts the SCCs to a safe level in different operating conditions including N−1 contingencies and thus,improves network safety and *** strategy described in the paper can play an important role in DN planning involving optimal application of DG and FCLs.

关键词： Distributed generation fault current limiters genetic algorithm N−1 contingency optimization

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Role of Co in formation of Ni-Ti clusters in maraging stainless steel

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第9期34卷 1671-1675页

作者： Jialong Tian M.babar Shahzad Wei Wang Lichang Yin Zhouhua Jiang Ke Yang School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China Shenyang National Laboratoryfor Materials Science 72 Wenhua Road Shenyang 110016 China School of Metallurgy Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China

The effect of Co addition on the formation of Ni-Ti clusters in maraging stainless steel was studied by three dimensional atom probe（3 DAP） and first-principles calculation. The cluster analysis based on the maximum separation approach showed an increase in size but a decrease in density of Ni-Ti clusters with increasing the Co content. The first-principles calculation indicated weaker Co-Ni（Co-Ti） interactions than Co-Ti（Fe-Ti） interactions, which should be the essential reason for the change of distribution characteristics of Ni-Ti clusters in bcc Fe caused by Co addition.

关键词： Maraging stainless steels Ni-Ti cluster First-principles calculation Three-dimensional atom probe

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