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尽其在我——高等学校教学研究书面访谈录之二

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民族高等教育研究 2024年第2期12卷 1-9,F0003页

作者：巴战龙马玉洁北京师范大学社会学院北京100875 中央民族大学管理学院北京100081

当前,加快推进教育高质量发展,加快建设教育强国,已经成为全社会共识。在此背景下,加强高校教学学术研究必然成为持续改善和不断提升高等教育质量的政策与行动备选项之一。在这篇访谈中,在教学一线耕耘九年的中央民族大学管理学院教师... 详细信息

当前,加快推进教育高质量发展,加快建设教育强国,已经成为全社会共识。在此背景下,加强高校教学学术研究必然成为持续改善和不断提升高等教育质量的政策与行动备选项之一。在这篇访谈中,在教学一线耕耘九年的中央民族大学管理学院教师马玉洁提出:(1)从“关系型教育”理念出发,无论是本科教学还是研究生教学都应该力图做到四个联结,即情感联结、知识联结、应用联结和多元价值联结;(2)妥善处理“教学”与“研究”之间的矛盾,关键在于指导学校运转的激励机制能否妥善处理好两个关系,即现在的教学与现在的科研之间的关系和现在的教学与未来的科研之间的关系。

关键词：本科教学教学学术高等教育研究教育人类学

房地产企业粉饰负债测度及其对公司经营的影响

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金融发展研究 2024年第4期 32-43页

作者：巴曙松黄沁张兢北京大学汇丰金融研究院广东深圳518055 重庆大学经济与工商管理学院重庆401120 西南政法大学商学院重庆401120

在“房住不炒”“三道红线”等调控政策背景之下,房地产企业可能产生“粉饰负债”等机会主义行为,严重损害企业财务信息披露质量,进而干扰市场决策并削弱政策效果。因此,本文以2011—2022年中国沪深A股房地产上市企业为样本,测度房地产... 详细信息

在“房住不炒”“三道红线”等调控政策背景之下,房地产企业可能产生“粉饰负债”等机会主义行为,严重损害企业财务信息披露质量,进而干扰市场决策并削弱政策效果。因此,本文以2011—2022年中国沪深A股房地产上市企业为样本,测度房地产企业粉饰负债规模,并实证检验房地产企业粉饰负债对公司经营的影响。研究发现:中国房地产企业存在粉饰负债的机会主义行为;房地产企业粉饰负债,可以在短期内避免债务违约,在长期却使得投资效率降低和现金流约束加强,其本质是用短期利益去置换长期利益;国有产权能够发挥治理作用,在一定程度上缓解以上负向影响,而董事长性别与学历在短期内会有较弱的促进作用。

关键词：粉饰负债房地产企业过度负债金融监管

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management of Penetrating Cranioencephalic Trauma Caused by Sharp Metal Objects—Therapeutic and Evolutionary Aspects: 12 Cases at the Renaissance University Hospital in N’Djamena

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2024年第2期14卷 170-178页

作者： Goumantar Félicien Toudjingar Li-Iyane Olivier ouambi Yannick Canton Kessely Donal Djasdé mahouli Fata Vounki Momar Codé ba Neurosurgery Unit of Center Hospitalier Universitaire la Renaissance N&#8217Djamena Chad Neurosurgery Unit of CHU la Ré f&#233rence Nationale N&#8217Djamena Chad Neurosurgery Department of Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire de Fann Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Cranioencephalic trauma caused by bladed weapons is rare, and that caused by sharp objects is exceptional. The aim of our study was to describe the clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects. materials and method: This was a descriptive and analytical study over a 48-month period at CHU la Renaissance from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021, concerning patients admitted for penetrating cranioencephalic trauma by pointed object. Results: Twelve cases, all male, of penetrating cranioencephalic sharp-force trauma were identified. The mean age was 34 ± 7 years, with extremes of 11 and 60 years. Farmers and herders accounted for 31% and 25% of cases respectively. The average admission time was 47 hours. Brawls were the circumstances of occurrence in 81.2% of cases. Knives (33%), arrows (25%) and iron bars (16.6%) were the objects used. Altered consciousness was present in 43.8% of cases, and focal deficit in 50%. Scannographic lesions were fracture and/or embarrhment (12 cases), intra-parenchymal haematomas (6 cases) and presence of object in place (4 cases). Surgery was performed in 11 patients. Postoperative outcome was favorable in 9 patients. After 12 months, 2 patients were declared unfit. Conclusion: Penetrating head injuries caused by sharp objects are common in Chad. Urgent surgery can prevent disabling after-effects.

关键词： Penetrating Trauma Skull Encephalon Sharp Object Surgery Patient outcome

Phenotypic Detection of Enterobacterales Strains Susceptible of Producing OXA-48 Carbapenemase

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第2期14卷 115-121页

作者： Abdoulaye Seck Abdou Diop babacar Ndiaye Assane Dieng Awa ba Amadou Diop Chantal mahou Douala-Djemba Thierno Abdoulaye Diallo Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Medical Biology Laboratory Pasteur Institute of Dakar Dakar Senegal

background: Nowadays, emergence of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales (CPE) throughout the world has become a public health problem, especially in countries with limited resources. In recent years, CPE of type OXA-48 (Ambler class D) have been identified in Dakar. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic detection of OXA-48 CPE using a temocillin disc (30 μg). Methodology: A retrospective study was carried out at Medical Biology Laboratory of Pasteur Institute in Dakar on Ertapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales (ERE) strains isolated from 2015 to 2017. These strains were then tested with a 30 μg temocillin disc. Any strain resistant to temocillin (inhibition diameter Results: Forty-one ERE isolated during the study period were tested, of which 34 (82.9%) were OXA-48 based on phenotypic detection using temocillin disc and confirmed by PCR (100%). OXA-48 CPE strains detected were composed of Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 14;41.2%), Enterobacter cloacae (n = 8;23.5%), Escherichia coli (n = 7, 20.5%), Citrobacter freundii (n = 3;8.8%), Cronobacter sakazakii (n = 1;3%) and Morganella morganii (n = 1;3%). Conclusion: Temocillin resistance has a good positive predictive value for detecting OXA-48 CPE by phenotypic method, confirmed by PCR. Temocillin is therefore a good marker for detection of OXA-48 CPE except Hafnia alvei.

关键词： Ertapenem Temocillin Phenotypic Detection Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales OXA-48

中老年人血液常见氨基酸水平与轻度脑白质疏松症的相关性

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首都医科大学学报 2024年第1期45卷 163-168页

作者：邢怡文巴晓红锦州医科大学附属第一医院神经内科辽宁锦州121000

目的探讨中老年人血液常见氨基酸水平与早期轻度脑白质疏松症(leukoaraiosis,LA)的关系及其对轻度LA的筛查诊断价值。方法本研究纳入2020年8月至2021年11月因头晕或头痛等主诉于锦州医科大学附属第一医院神经内科住院的患者,根据头颅磁... 详细信息

目的探讨中老年人血液常见氨基酸水平与早期轻度脑白质疏松症(leukoaraiosis,LA)的关系及其对轻度LA的筛查诊断价值。方法本研究纳入2020年8月至2021年11月因头晕或头痛等主诉于锦州医科大学附属第一医院神经内科住院的患者,根据头颅磁共振检查结果入组21例非LA患者和31例轻度LA患者,使用串联质谱法采集患者23种血液氨基酸代谢物水平,比较两组患者血液氨基酸水平差异,使用Logistic回归分析模型和受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线研究轻度LA的独立危险因素以及血液氨基酸水平对轻度LA的筛查诊断价值。结果年龄、冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病史、酪氨酸和缬氨酸水平在两组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归显示,年龄(OR=1.232,95%CI:1.068~1.420)和缬氨酸水平(OR=1.059,95%CI:1.009~1.111)是轻度LA的独立危险因素,年龄增长和缬氨酸水平升高,发生轻度LA的风险增加。ROC曲线分析结果表明,年龄和缬氨酸筛查轻度LA的最佳截断值分别是58.5岁和96.305μmol/L,ROC曲线下面积分别为0.710(95%CI:0.565~0.856,P<0.05)和0.674(95%CI:0.509~0.840,P<0.05)。结论血液中常见氨基酸水平变化与早期轻度LA具有相关性,年龄增长和缬氨酸水平升高是轻度LA的独立危险因素,两者在筛查轻度LA方面具有一定的临床价值。

关键词：脑白质疏松症氨基酸缬氨酸

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Preventive Effect of an Extract of Terminalia avicennioides on Acetylcholine-Induced Tracheoconstriction in Wistar Strain Rats

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 60-68页

作者： Awa ba-Diop Ndèye Absa Diaw Ibrahima Diouf Mbaye Sène ouafae Kechaba ma.a.ou sarr Modou oumy Kane Physiology Laboratory Department of Medicine Alioune Diop University of Bambey Bambey Senegal IRL3189 Environment Health Societies CNRS-UCAD Dakar Senegal Department of Physiology Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Department of Physiology Laboratory Faculty of Medicine UFR Sante Assane SECK University of Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Senegal

Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory pathologies worldwide. The cost of its treatment, particularly for populations in developing countries like Senegal, requires an alternative which consists of developing research into new therapeutic approaches with the use of plants from traditional pharmacopoeia. The objective of this study was to determine whether the hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia avicennioides leaves has a preventive effect on the constriction of tracheal smooth muscle induced by Acetylcholine in Wistar strain rats. Methods: The species used in our experiments were male Wistar rats aged between 12 and 14 weeks. Rings of rat trachea were suspended in isolated organ chambers connected to tension sensors. Two pharmacological agents were used: acetylcholine, for its constrictor effect and adrenaline, for its dilating effect on the pulmonary trachea. our plant material consisted of a hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia avicennioides leaves. The experimental protocol was that of the preventive model which consisted of impregnating these rings with the extract at a defined concentration then testing its contractility in the presence of Acetylcholine which was the contractile agonist used in this study. The preventive effect of the extract was studied with an Acetylcholine contraction range on rings pre-incubated with Terminalia avicennioides extract. Results: The results showed that Acetylcholine contracts the trachea and the increase in its contractility was dependent on the dose of Ach added cumulatively (10−5 to 4 × 10−5 mol/l). The administration of the hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia avicennioides leaves led to a modification of the contractile response to Acetylcholine. Indeed, this extract induced a significant attenuation of the contractile responses of the treated tracheal rings compared to those untreated. Conclusion: Terminalia avicennioides had a relaxing effect on tracheal smooth muscle and this effect

关键词： Bronchial Hyperreactivity Extract Hydroalcoholic of Terminalia Avicennioides Asthma

人口较少民族聚居区保持型双语教育兴起的归因分析——以裕固族聚居区为例

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凯里学院学报 2024年第2期42卷 55-63页

作者：巴战龙北京师范大学社会学院北京100875

中国少数民族地区双语教育类型大致可分为过渡型双语教育和保持型双语教育两种,近年来在人口较少民族聚居区兴起的双语教育属于保持型双语教育。通过运用教育人类学持续观察法对裕固族聚居区的保持型双语教育的兴起进行归因分析,发现教... 详细信息

中国少数民族地区双语教育类型大致可分为过渡型双语教育和保持型双语教育两种,近年来在人口较少民族聚居区兴起的双语教育属于保持型双语教育。通过运用教育人类学持续观察法对裕固族聚居区的保持型双语教育的兴起进行归因分析,发现教育系统外部主要原因有本族语言及传统文化趋于濒危和族群性的焦虑加剧,以及可供社会行动者选择的实践策略空间在相关政策叠加实施的背景中生成和拓展;教育系统内部的主要原因有校本课程开发的蓬勃兴起和民族文化精英的强力推动。从当下中国的经验事实和情境分析来看,“完善差别化的区域政策”可以作为新时代少数民族地区双语教育政策的基本定位和主导逻辑。

关键词：人口较少民族裕固族双语教育教育人类学

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自然口语中“确实”的话语功能和人际功能

世界华文教学 2024年第1期 241-259页

作者：巴丹苏州城市学院

本文运用话语分析理论,从话语功能和人际功能两个方面研究副词“确实”。口语中“确实”具有延续话题、应答标记、话题前景化以及拟对话等话语功能。“确实”的人际功能有:礼貌原则的具体体现、话语指向的精确定位、话轮持有权的实现。... 详细信息

本文运用话语分析理论,从话语功能和人际功能两个方面研究副词“确实”。口语中“确实”具有延续话题、应答标记、话题前景化以及拟对话等话语功能。“确实”的人际功能有:礼貌原则的具体体现、话语指向的精确定位、话轮持有权的实现。“确实”从说话人的立场出发,传递出说话人主观肯定的态度。具有保全会话人面子,尽量达成言谈双方共识,从而在友好、和谐的交谈氛围中实现交际语用目的的功能。

关键词：副词确实口语衔接

基于自适应二次分解与CNN-BiLSTM的超短期风电功率预测

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太阳能学报 2024年第6期45卷 429-435页

作者：马志侠张林鍹巴音塔娜谢明浩张盼盼王馨新疆大学电气工程学院乌鲁木齐830047 清华大学国家计算机集成制造系统工程技术研究中心(CIMS) 北京100084

为提高风电功率预测精度,提出基于自适应二次模态分解(QMD)、卷积神经网络(CNN)与双向长短期记忆网络(BiLSTM)的超短期风电功率预测模型。针对风电功率的波动性,利用改进的完全自适应噪声集成经验模态分解方法(ICEEMDAN)对风电功率数据... 详细信息

为提高风电功率预测精度,提出基于自适应二次模态分解(QMD)、卷积神经网络(CNN)与双向长短期记忆网络(BiLSTM)的超短期风电功率预测模型。针对风电功率的波动性,利用改进的完全自适应噪声集成经验模态分解方法(ICEEMDAN)对风电功率数据进行分解。引入麻雀搜索算法(Ssa)对变分模态分解(VMD)的分解数量与惩罚因子进行优化,使VMD具有自适应性。将ICEEMDAN分解得到的高频分量I_(1)用Ssa-VMD进行第二次分解,降低序列不平稳度。同时,构建包含2层池化层的CNN网络进行特征提取与BiLSTM网络的超短期预测模型,最终的风电功率即为各子序列预测结果之和。通过算例分析进行实验表明,所提风电功率预测方法的预测精度优于其他模型,验证了预测模型的优越性。

关键词：卷积神经网络长短期记忆网络变分模态分解风电功率预测二次模态分解麻雀搜索算法