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Management of Acute Bowel Obstruction in Adults in Ziguinchor Hospital Establishments: About 163 Cases Followed Up

Surgical Science 2024年第4期15卷 207-218页

作者： Omar Sow Cheikh H. ba.ji Mouhamed Dieng Reymond Seydi Aissata Diallo Cheikh Diouf Papa A. ba.Bouba.ar Fall Department of General Surgery Peace Hospital Assane Seck University of Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Senegal Department of General Surgery Central Regional Hospital of Ziguinchor Assane Seck University of Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Senegal Department of General Surgery University of Iba Der Thiam Thies Senegal

Acute intestinal obstruction represents a very frequent admission to surgical emergencies. The aim of our study was to make a descriptive analysis of the management of acute intestinal obstructions at the level of hospital establishments in Ziguinchor. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive, multicenter study from the period of January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2021. Patients over 15 years of age admitted for occlusive syndrome in the two surgical departments of the Ziguinchor regional hospitals were included in the study. Epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary data were studied. Results: Acute intestinal occlusions accounted for 8.3% of admissions. A total of 163 patients were enrolled, 61.9% were men, sex ratio of 1.6. The mean age was 48.7 years. The average consultation time was 74.8 hours (3.12 days). The total occlusive syndrome was in 48.5% of the cases. Abdominal pain was present in 87.1%, vomiting in 74.2%, cessation of matter and gas in 60.7% and meteorism in 36.2%. Biological lab tests reported hyperleukocytosis in 28.1% of the cases. Abdominal CT scans were performed in 71.2%, confirming the diagnosis in 90.5% and determining the etiology in 93.1%. The zone of the obstruction in the small bowel was 62.7%, and in the colon in 37.3%. Functional occlusions accounted for 22.7% of cases and mechanical for 77.3%, including 120 cases of strangulation occlusion (95.2%) and 6 cases of obstruction. Etiologies were dominated by adhesions and/or fibrous ba.ds (61.2%). Medical treatment resolved the occlusive syndrome in 9.2% of cases, instrumental treatment in 17.1% and surgical treatment in 77.3%. Adhesiolysis/section of fibrous ba.ds (55.7%), detorsion (14.3%) and resection anastomosis (11.9%) were the most common surgical procedures. Overall morbidity was 11.6%, dominated by surgical site infection (7.14%). The mean resumption of intestinal transit was 2.7 days, and the mean hospital stay was 7.9 days. Overall mortality was

关键词： Intestinal Obstruction Emergency Surgery Ziguinchor

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Phenotypic Detection of Enteroba.terales Strains Susceptible of Producing OXA-48 Carba.enemase

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第2期14卷 115-121页

作者： Abdoulaye Seck Abdou Diop ba.acar Ndiaye Assane Dieng Awa ba.Amadou Diop Chantal Mahou Douala-Djemba.Thierno Abdoulaye Diallo Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Medical Biology Laboratory Pasteur Institute of Dakar Dakar Senegal

ba.kground: Nowadays, emergence of Carba.enemase-Producing Enteroba.terales (CPE) throughout the world has become a public health problem, especially in countries with limited resources. In recent years, CPE of type OXA-48 (Ambler class D) have been identified in Dakar. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic detection of OXA-48 CPE using a temocillin disc (30 μg). Methodology: A retrospective study was carried out at Medical Biology Laboratory of Pasteur Institute in Dakar on Ertapenem-Resistant Enteroba.terales (ERE) strains isolated from 2015 to 2017. These strains were then tested with a 30 μg temocillin disc. Any strain resistant to temocillin (inhibition diameter Results: Forty-one ERE isolated during the study period were tested, of which 34 (82.9%) were OXA-48 ba.ed on phenotypic detection using temocillin disc and confirmed by PCR (100%). OXA-48 CPE strains detected were composed of Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 14;41.2%), Enteroba.ter cloacae (n = 8;23.5%), Escherichia coli (n = 7, 20.5%), Citroba.ter freundii (n = 3;8.8%), Cronoba.ter sakazakii (n = 1;3%) and Morganella morganii (n = 1;3%). Conclusion: Temocillin resistance has a good positive predictive value for detecting OXA-48 CPE by phenotypic method, confirmed by PCR. Temocillin is therefore a good marker for detection of OXA-48 CPE except Hafnia alvei.

关键词： Ertapenem Temocillin Phenotypic Detection Carba.enemase-Producing Enteroba.terales OXA-48

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自然口语中“确实”的话语功能和人际功能

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世界华文教学 2024年第1期 241-259页

作者：巴丹苏州城市学院

本文运用话语分析理论,从话语功能和人际功能两个方面研究副词“确实”。口语中“确实”具有延续话题、应答标记、话题前景化以及拟对话等话语功能。“确实”的人际功能有:礼貌原则的具体体现、话语指向的精确定位、话轮持有权的实现。... 详细信息

本文运用话语分析理论,从话语功能和人际功能两个方面研究副词“确实”。口语中“确实”具有延续话题、应答标记、话题前景化以及拟对话等话语功能。“确实”的人际功能有:礼貌原则的具体体现、话语指向的精确定位、话轮持有权的实现。“确实”从说话人的立场出发,传递出说话人主观肯定的态度。具有保全会话人面子,尽量达成言谈双方共识,从而在友好、和谐的交谈氛围中实现交际语用目的的功能。

关键词：副词确实口语衔接

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Preventive Effect of an Extract of Terminalia avicennioides on Acetylcholine-Induced Tracheoconstriction in Wistar Strain Rats

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 60-68页

作者： Awa ba.Diop Ndèye Absa Diaw Ibrahima Diouf Mba.e Sène Ouafae Kechaba.Mamadou Sarr Modou Oumy Kane Physiology Laboratory Department of Medicine Alioune Diop University of Bambey Bambey Senegal IRL3189 Environment Health Societies CNRS-UCAD Dakar Senegal Department of Physiology Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Department of Physiology Laboratory Faculty of Medicine UFR Sante Assane SECK University of Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Senegal

Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory pathologies worldwide. The cost of its treatment, particularly for populations in developing countries like Senegal, requires an alternative which consists of developing research into new therapeutic approaches with the use of plants from traditional pharmacopoeia. The objective of this study was to determine whether the hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia avicennioides leaves has a preventive effect on the constriction of tracheal smooth muscle induced by Acetylcholine in Wistar strain rats. Methods: The species used in our experiments were male Wistar rats aged between 12 and 14 weeks. Rings of rat trachea were suspended in isolated organ chambers connected to tension sensors. Two pharmacological agents were used: acetylcholine, for its constrictor effect and adrenaline, for its dilating effect on the pulmonary trachea. Our plant material consisted of a hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia avicennioides leaves. The experimental protocol was that of the preventive model which consisted of impregnating these rings with the extract at a defined concentration then testing its contractility in the presence of Acetylcholine which was the contractile agonist used in this study. The preventive effect of the extract was studied with an Acetylcholine contraction range on rings pre-incuba.ed with Terminalia avicennioides extract. Results: The results showed that Acetylcholine contracts the trachea and the increase in its contractility was dependent on the dose of Ach added cumulatively (10−5 to 4 × 10−5 mol/l). The administration of the hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia avicennioides leaves led to a modification of the contractile response to Acetylcholine. Indeed, this extract induced a significant attenuation of the contractile responses of the treated tracheal rings compared to those untreated. Conclusion: Terminalia avicennioides had a relaxing effect on tracheal smooth muscle and this effect

关键词： Bronchial Hyperreactivity Extract Hydroalcoholic of Terminalia Avicennioides Asthma

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新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株亚型XBB的流行特征及其科学防控

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中华疾病控制杂志 2024年第2期28卷 203-208页

作者：邓洁刘民刘珏北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系北京100191

目前新型冠状病毒感染仍处于全球大流行状态,Omicron变异株仍是全球优势株,在流行过程中不断进化和变异出现了许多新的亚型。XBB是由Omicron变异株ba.2.10.1和ba.2.75重组而成,于2022年8月在印度首次被发现,此后迅速传播成为新加坡、马... 详细信息

目前新型冠状病毒感染仍处于全球大流行状态,Omicron变异株仍是全球优势株,在流行过程中不断进化和变异出现了许多新的亚型。XBB是由Omicron变异株ba.2.10.1和ba.2.75重组而成,于2022年8月在印度首次被发现,此后迅速传播成为新加坡、马来西亚及一些欧美国家的主要流行株,并演变出XBB.1、XBB.1.5等亚分支。与Omicron变异株其他亚型相比,XBB的免疫逃逸能力显著增强,但目前尚无证据表明XBB感染所致的疾病严重程度与Omicron其他亚型有差异。建议加强病毒变异监测、开展重点人群疫苗加强针接种、加速疫苗和药物研发、开展多源监测动态评估风险,及时采取科学防控措施,减少XBB毒株的威胁。

关键词：新型冠状病毒 Omicron变异株 XBB 流行特征防控措施

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Drp-1、PGC-1α在胎粪吸入综合征新生大鼠肺组织中的作用及其机制

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解放军医学杂志 2024年第3期49卷 265-271页

作者：徐洁莹赵淑华大理大学临床医学院云南大理白族自治州671000 大理大学第一附属医院儿科暨云南省儿科疾病临床医学分中心云南大理白族自治州671000

目的探讨动力相关蛋白1(Drp-1)、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子1-α(PGC-1α)在胎粪吸入综合征(MAS)新生大鼠肺组织中的作用及其机制。方法50只2~3周龄SD新生大鼠随机分为5组(n=10):对照组、模型组与SN50低、中、高浓度组。... 详细信息

目的探讨动力相关蛋白1(Drp-1)、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子1-α(PGC-1α)在胎粪吸入综合征(MAS)新生大鼠肺组织中的作用及其机制。方法50只2~3周龄SD新生大鼠随机分为5组(n=10):对照组、模型组与SN50低、中、高浓度组。对照组气管暴露后,气管内注入2ml/kg生理盐水,其余各组气管内注入2ml/kg的胎粪悬浮液;24h后对照组、模型组不予处理,SN50低、中、高浓度组腹腔注射10、30、60μg/ml浓度SN50各100μl。6h后处死各组大鼠,检测X线胸片、肺大体观、肺湿/干重比(W/D),HE染色观察肺组织病理变化,Westernblotting检测新生大鼠肺组织中NF-κB(p65)、p-NF-κBp65(p-p65)、Drp-1、PGC-1α蛋白的表达变化,免疫组织化学方法观察新生大鼠肺组织中p65、Drp-1、PGC-1α等相关蛋白表达。结果与对照组比较,模型组胸片及大体观可见炎性浸润,W/D、肺损伤病理评分明显升高(P0.05),而SN50中、高浓度组PGC-1α蛋白表达水平明显升高(P0.05)。免疫组化检测结果显示,与对照组比较,模型组p65、Drp-1蛋白表达水平明显升高(P0.05),而SN50中、高浓度组Drp-1蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.05),PGC-1α蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.05)。结论胎粪吸入可诱导新生大鼠肺组织炎症,其机制可能与增强氧化应激、促进线粒体功能障碍、激活Drp-1/NF-κB信号通路,以及抑制PGC-1α蛋白表达有关。

关键词：胎粪吸入综合征核因子-κB 氧化应激线粒体

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Tracking structure suitable for L6 signal

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2021年第4期28卷 64-74页

作者： Wang Yiting ba.Xiaohui Liu Xueyong Yang Ying Li Jian Chen jie System on Chip Lab Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Electronic and Electrical Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

A tracking structure suitable for L6 signal of quasi-zenith satellite system(QZSS) was proposed in order to track the L6 signal without other frequency assistance. Moreover, the tracking structure does not change the receiver’s hardware structure. The main difference between the proposed and the traditional tracking structure lies in the generation of local codes of E,P and L branches. The method of local code generation is designed in a two-stage manner. The first stage is the generation of the P branch local code with fast fouriertransform(FFT). In the second stage, the local codes of the E and L branches are obtained with the code-chip interval. The tracking structure can track and decode L6 signal separately, and track code shift keying(CSK)modulated signal as well. The structure was verified using both simulation data, generated in different conditions, and actual data obtained from QZSS satellites respectively. The results show that the improved tracking loop is able to track L6 signal without other frequency assitance. Furthermore, the biterror ratio(BER) of L6 tracking algorithm is lower than that of L1C/A assist L6 algorithm, when the Doppler remains a constant and reed solomn(RS)encode are applied. To be more specific, with the proposed structure the BER decreased by 11.40%, 17.07%, 15.00%, 11.15%, 5.19% when carrier to noise ratio(CNR) is 36-40 dB·Hz.

关键词： quasi-zenith satellite system L6 signal code shift keying modulation tracking algorithm

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Development and Control Strategy of Subsea All-Electric Actuators

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第5期21卷 1133-1146页

作者： LIU Peng SHEN Dagang ba.Yaoji CAO Jinfeng LIU jie WANG Lihui School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China Shandong Meichen Industry Group Co. Ltd.Weifang 262200China

The development of subsea all-electric Christmas trees is an area of focus in the offshore oil industry *** main difficulties are associated with the development and control strategies for subsea all-electric actuators,which are the most criti-cal components of subsea Christmas trees.A single-motor-level fuzzy PID control with an integrated working condition detection mod-ule and a three-motor redundant-level deviation strategy with coupled joint synchronous control were proposed in this paper to real-ize the real time determination of algorithm parameters according to the working conditions,solve the rapid redistribution problems,and maintain the fast speed of the servo motor of the subsea all-electric tree valve actuator.A synchronous control electrical system was built,tested,and verified through simulation *** results show that the two redundant servo motors can still control the all-electric valve actuator and provide good synchronization control capabilities despite the failure of one servo motor,and the verti-cal and horizontal vibration values of the system are within reasonable *** synchronous control strategy can be applied to the synchronous control problem of subsea all-electric production systems,which is of considerable importance for the development of subsea all-electric production systems.

关键词： subsea all-electric actuator redundant-level deviation strategy synchronous control model synchronous control strategy load shocks strong robustness

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基于GEE的白洋淀水体生态补水后时空格局变化分析

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中国农村水利水电 2024年第4期 122-131,140页

作者：阳星王世岩韩祯李步东王亮汪洁孙龙巴艺博流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室北京100038 中国水利水电科学研究院水生态环境研究所北京100038

生态补水是白洋淀生态环境治理的一项重要举措,根据生态补水机制的变化过程,将白洋淀的生态补水过程分为临时补水阶段、应急补水阶段和稳定补水阶段。为进行各生态补水阶段下白洋淀水体的时空格局变化分析,通过GEE对白洋淀在1990-2022年... 详细信息

生态补水是白洋淀生态环境治理的一项重要举措,根据生态补水机制的变化过程,将白洋淀的生态补水过程分为临时补水阶段、应急补水阶段和稳定补水阶段。为进行各生态补水阶段下白洋淀水体的时空格局变化分析,通过GEE对白洋淀在1990-2022年的701幅遥感影像进行水体和冰体提取,分析不同阶段下水体时空变化格局,以及专门分析了冬季结冰期的冰体面积变化。主要得出以下结论:①在各个生态补水阶段,白洋淀水体面积均呈现在夏季最小,冬春季最大的特点,而随着生态补水机制的不断完善,白洋淀水体面积变化幅度逐渐减小,呈现“削峰补低”的变化规律,其中临时补水阶段的逐月平均水体面积介于0.63~186.03 km^(2),稳定补水阶段的逐月平均水体面积介于17.88~109.15 km^(2),变化幅度减小了50.77%;②生态补水机制的完善让白洋淀呈现永久性水体大幅增加,间歇性水体大幅减小的变化规律,其中临时补水阶段永久性水体面积为7.66 km^(2),而稳定补水阶段的永久性水体面积为23.62 km^(2),增加了208.16%,间歇性水体面积则从263.50 km^(2)减少到143.58 km^(2),减小了45.51%;③从冰体面积变化角度分析,随着生态补水机制的不断完善,白洋淀的冰体面积不断减小,其中一月份的平均冰体面积从72.77 km^(2)减小到12.60 km^(2),减小了82.69%。结果表明:生态补水机制的完善并没有导致白洋淀水体面积不断增加,而是使白洋淀的水体环境更加破碎化;在全球变暖以及其他因素的影响下,白洋淀的冰体面积大幅减小;这种趋于破碎化、板块化的水域特征可能不利于生物多样性的保护,但鉴于生态系统对于水文响应具有滞后性,今后需进一步加强生态水文响应过程监测和研究。

关键词：白洋淀 GEE 生态补水水体提取冰体提取时空变化

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基于Davidenkov本构模型的三维沉积盆地非线性地震动谱元法模拟

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岩土工程学报 2024年第7期46卷 1387-1397页

作者：巴振宁赵靖轩桑巧稚梁建文滨海土木工程结构与安全教育部重点实验室天津300350 天津大学中国地震局地震工程综合模拟与城乡抗震韧性重点实验室天津300350 天津大学土木工程系天津300350 同济大学地下建筑与工程系上海200092

为研究三维沉积盆地内低波速土体非线性反应对近断层地震动的影响,实现基于物理的全过程(震源破裂-地震波传播-复杂场地效应-近地表土体非线性反应)三维复杂场地地震动模拟,在谱元SPECFEM3D程序中进行二次开发,采用目前具有丰富工程应... 详细信息

为研究三维沉积盆地内低波速土体非线性反应对近断层地震动的影响,实现基于物理的全过程(震源破裂-地震波传播-复杂场地效应-近地表土体非线性反应)三维复杂场地地震动模拟,在谱元SPECFEM3D程序中进行二次开发,采用目前具有丰富工程应用且适用于不同土类的三参数Martin-Seed-Davidenkov本构模型,结合已有的不规则加卸载准则,通过在程序中修改每个显式时间步下的应力增量,实现了土体剪切模量的实时更新和加卸载拐点的有效识别,将土体的非线性特性纳入到三维复杂场地地震动模拟中。首先将建立的三维模型通过施加合理边界退化至一维,与一维非线性动力分析软件DEEPSOIL的结果进行了对比,验证了开发的正确性;进而将开发的程序应用于中国滇西南地区施甸盆地的非线性地震动模拟,并与相应的线性结果进行了对比。结果显示,受土体非线性的影响,施甸地区PGA和PGV较线性结果峰值均降低,且非线性土体对PGV的影响更加明显,较线性结果最大降低约30%;沉积非线性使沉积内部观测点的速度及其反应谱幅值降低,且特征频率向长周期方向移动。

关键词：非线性地震反应三维沉积盆地 Davidenkov本构模型谱元法

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