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Constructing a Raman and surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectral reference library for fine-particle analysis

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第8期34卷 1-13页

作者： Hui Chen Fengkui Duan Kebin He Jingjing Du Zhenli sun Suhua Wang Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization of Ministry of Education College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemcial Pollution Processes and Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringGuangdong University of Petrochemical TechnologyMaoming 525000 China

Fine particles associated with haze pollution threaten the health of over 400 million people in China. Owing to excellent non-destructive fingerprint recognition characteristics, Raman and surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) are often used to analyze the composition of fine particles to determine their physical and chemical properties as well as reaction mechanisms. However, there is no comprehensive Raman spectral library of fine particles. Furthermore, various studies that used SERS for fine-particle composition analysis showed that the uniqueness of the SERS substrates and different excitation wavelengths can produce a different spectrum for the same fine-particle component. To overcome this limitation, we conducted SERS experiments with a portable Raman spectrometer using two common SERS substrates(silver(Ag) foil and gold nanoparticles(Au NPs)) and a 785 nm laser. Herein, we introduced three main particle component types(sulfate-nitrate-ammonium(SNA), organic material, and soot) with a total of 39 chemical substances. We scanned the solid Raman, liquid Raman, and SERS spectra of these substances and constructed a fine-particle reference library containing 105 spectra. Spectral results indicated that for soot and SNA, the differences in characteristic peaks mainly originated from the solid-liquid phase transition;Ag foil had little effect on this difference, while the Au NPs caused a significant red shift in the peak positions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Moreover, with various characteristic peak positions in the three types of spectra, we could quickly and correctly distinguish substances. We hope that this spectral library will aid in the future identification of fine particles.

关键词： Raman Surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) Spectral library Fine-particle

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有关著作权转让的若干问题

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山东大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2000年第2期 74-83页

作者：孙新强山东大学法学院山东济南250100

著作权 (以下与版权混用 )作为一种无形财产 ,其潜在的价值只有通过使用和转让才能体现出来。著作权的使用和转让是著作权法中一项极为重要的内容 ,各国著作权法无不对此加以明确规定。然而 ,在我国知识产权界流行着的一种观点却认为 ,... 详细信息

著作权 (以下与版权混用 )作为一种无形财产 ,其潜在的价值只有通过使用和转让才能体现出来。著作权的使用和转让是著作权法中一项极为重要的内容 ,各国著作权法无不对此加以明确规定。然而 ,在我国知识产权界流行着的一种观点却认为 ,我国《著作权法》中只有关于著作权使用的条款 ,而无著作权转让的规定。依据各国著作权法 ,著作权的产生基于创作作品的事实和法律的规定 ,并且即使在作者死亡之后作品仍受法律保护。因此 ,著作权的转让是著作权法无法回避 ,也不可能回避的问题。本文认为 ,虽然我国《著作权法》尚待完善 ,但对著作权的转让也作出了具体规定 ,持《著作权法》中没有关于著作权转让规定的观点的学者。

关键词： > 著作权转让职务作品委托作品

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发达国家高新技术产业的超常发展给我国经济运行带来的启示

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山东大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2000年第4期 106-111页

作者：黄金平孙发庆山东大学经济学院山东济南250100 中国联通山东分公司山东济南250002

20世纪 8 0年代以来 ,美、欧、日等发达国家的高新技术产业获得了超常的发展。我国高新技术产业的发展现处于起步阶段。借鉴发达国家高新技术产业的发展模式和经验 ,我国应采取的对策有 :政府强有力的规划和协调 ;教育体制的改革 ;加大... 详细信息

20世纪 8 0年代以来 ,美、欧、日等发达国家的高新技术产业获得了超常的发展。我国高新技术产业的发展现处于起步阶段。借鉴发达国家高新技术产业的发展模式和经验 ,我国应采取的对策有 :政府强有力的规划和协调 ;教育体制的改革 ;加大高新技术产业的资金投入力度 ;对高新技术产业投资的风险保护 ;以及利用国家政府职能。

关键词：高新技术产业发展模式风险保护发达国家中国

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Constructing Ce-Mn/Al_(2)O_(3)with different active components for low temperature catalytic degradation of chlorobenzene in soil

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1873-1881页

作者： Tianyu sun Mutao Xu Xuelu Meng Tiantian Liu Qijie Jin Chengzhang Zhu Haitao Xu School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing210009China College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing20009Chin

Soil remediation containing numerous organic contaminants is of great significance to ecological ***,the synergetic effects of Ce-Mn/Al_(2)O_(3)with different active components on catalytic thermal desorption of chlorobenzene in soil were *** optimized Ce-Mn/Al_(2)O_(3)drastically enhance the desorption efficiency of chlorobenzene,and the corresponding conversion reaches 100%within 1 h at a low temperature of 120℃.The superior performance is ascribed to the formation of Ce-Mn solid solution during the calcination process,resulting in a certain lattice change to the generation of abundant oxygen vacancies and acidic *** with the analysis of in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,the final products of chlorobenzene are decomposed into CO_(2),H_(2)O,Cl_(2)and *** work sheds light on the rational design of highly-active catalysts for practical applications of sustainable soil remediation.

关键词： Ce-Mn/Al_(2)O_(3) Soil Thermal desorption Low temperature Degradation pathway Rare earths

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Lens-free on-chip 3D microscopy based on wavelength-scanning Fourier ptychographic diffraction tomography

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第9期13卷 1964-1979页

作者： Xuejuan Wu Ning Zhou Yang Chen Jiasong sun Linpeng Lu Qian Chen Chao Zuo Smart Computational Imaging(SCI)Laboratory Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNo.200 Xiaolingwei Street210094 NanjingJiangsuChina Smart Computational Imaging Research Institute(SCIRI)of Nanjing University of Science and Technology 210094 NanjingJiangsuChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging&Intelligent Sense No.200 Xiaolingwei Street210094 NanjingJiangsuChina

Lens-free on-chip microscopy is a powerful and promising high-throughput computational microscopy technique due to its unique advantage of creating high-resolution images across the full field-of-view(FOV)of the imaging ***,most current lens-free microscopy methods have been designed for imaging only two-dimensional thin ***-free on-chip tomography(LFOCT)with a uniform resolution across the entire FOV and at a subpixel level remains a critical *** this paper,we demonstrated a new LFOCT technique and associated imaging platform based on wavelength scanning Fourier ptychographic diffraction tomography(wsFPDT).Instead of using angularlyvariable illuminations,in wsFPDT,the sample is illuminated by on-axis wavelength-variable illuminations,ranging from 430 to 1200 *** corresponding under-sampled diffraction patterns are recorded,and then an iterative ptychographic reconstruction procedure is applied to fill the spectrum of the three-dimensional(3D)scattering potential to recover the sample’s 3D refractive index(RI)*** wavelength-scanning scheme not only eliminates the need for mechanical motion during image acquisition and precise registration of the raw images but secures a quasi-uniform,pixel-super-resolved imaging resolution across the entire imaging *** wsFPDT,we demonstrate the high-throughput,billion-voxel 3D tomographic imaging results with a half-pitch lateral resolution of 775 nm and an axial resolution of 5.43μm across a large FOV of 29.85mm2 and an imaging depth of>200μ*** effectiveness of the proposed method was demonstrated by imaging various types of samples,including micropolystyrene beads,diatoms,and mouse mononuclear macrophage *** unique capability to reveal quantitative morphological properties,such as area,volume,and sphericity index of single cell over large cell populations makes wsFPDT a powerful quantitative and label-free tool for high-throughput biological applications.

关键词： free illumination eliminate

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Adhesive surface-enhanced Raman scattering Cu-Au nanoassembly for the sensitive analysis of particulate matter

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第6期128卷 35-44页

作者： Ning Wang Zhiqiang Gan Fengkui Duan Hui Chen Chensheng Ma Jie Ji Zhenli sun MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)has been used in atmospheric aerosol detection as it enables the high-resolution analysis of particulate ***,its use in the detection of historical samples without damaging the sampling membrane while achieving effective transfer and the high-sensitivity analysis of particulate matter from sample films remains *** this study,a new type of SERS tape was developed,consisting of Au nanoparticles(NPs)on an adhesive double-sided Cu film(DCu).The enhanced electromagnetic field generated by the coupled resonance of the local surface plasmon resonances of AuNPs and DCu led to an enhanced SERS signal with an experimental enhancement factor of 10^(7).The AuNPs were semi-embedded and distributed on the substrate,and the viscous DCu layer was exposed,enabling particle *** substrates exhibited good uniformity and favorable reproducibility with relative standard deviations of 13.53%and 9.74%respectively,and the substrates could be stored for 180 days with no signs of signal *** application of the substrates was demonstrated by the extraction and detection of malachite green and ammonium salt particulate *** results demonstrated that SERS substrates based on AuNPs and DCu are highly promising in real–world environmental particle monitoring and detection.

关键词： Surfaced-enhanced Raman scattering Particulate matter Adhesive plasmonic coupling Electromagnetic enhancement

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Safety Assessment for a Side-by-side Offloading Mooring System

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Journal of Marine Science and Application 2011年第3期10卷 315-320页

作者： Liping sun Qiang He Shangmao Ai College of Shipbuilding Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin 150001 China

In order to improve the safety properties of an offloading system with side-by-side （SBS） mooring in which the FPSO is moored by a yoke system in the field of bz25-1, it is necessary to analyze those properties. According to the experience of similar projects, tow strategies of different offioading arrangements were discussed by using the 3-D radiation/diffraction theory and quasi-static time domain method to assess their respective safety properties. Through the safety assessment analysis of different arrangement comparisons, various ways to improve the safety properties of off＇loading systems with side-by-side mooring were verified by analyzing the tension in the mooring lines and the fender deflection. Through comparison it can be concluded that by enlarging the key factors properly, including the size of the fenders and the hawsers as well as the number of hawsers, a better safety performance can be achieved.

关键词： hydrodynamic interaction damping lids yoke system quasi static time domain mooring system

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A Novel Oscillating Chemical Reaction Using Ninhydrin as Single Organic Substrate

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2006年第1期17卷 77-80页

作者： Fu Wei YANG Jin Zhang GAO Wu YANG Kan Jun sun Institute of Chemistry Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070

A novel oscillating chemical reaction using ninhydrin as a single organic substrate was represented in this paper. It distinguished from the classically catalyzed bz oscillating chemical reaction due to there was no active methene （CH2=） and/or enol structure in the ninhydrin molecule, which served as single organic substrate. This suggested that the substrates used in catalyzed bz reaction were not always the organic compounds containing active methene （CH2=） and/or enol structure and bromination process in this kind of catalyzed chemical oscillating reaction was not also necessary.

关键词： Single organic substrate active methene enol structure oscillating chemical reaction.

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Effects of regulated deficit irrigation on the growth and berry composition of Cabernet Sauvignon in Ningxia

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第6期12卷 102-109页

作者： Rui Wang Pengke Yan Quan sun Baofeng Su Junxiang Zhang School of Agronomy Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Ningxia Grapes and Wine Research Institute Yinchuan 750021China

The adoption of water-saving irrigation strategies is required particularly for wine grape variety,which has been widely cultivated in arid and semiarid *** assess vine response to regulated deficit irrigation(RDI),the grape growth and berry composition under five treatments that irrigated at a certain percentage of the crop evapotranspiration(ET c)were evaluated over a 3-year period in a vineyard with the grape variety of Cabernet *** results indicated that RDI had a significant effect on the grape berry size and *** largest berry size(12.20 mm)was obtained under the T50 in 2014,while the smallest berry size(9.83 mm)one was obtained under the CK treatments in the same *** highest individual yield occurred in the T50 treatment,with an average of 1.99 kg,followed by the T25-50 ***,both weights were significantly larger than that of the CK *** with the T50 treatments,the individual grape vine yield in the T50-25 treatments were slightly less by 16.9%for 2013,15.3%for 2014 and 18.1%for *** to control(CK)treatment,the soluble solid and reducing sugar contents decreased,the total acid content increased,and the sugar/acid ratio basically showed a downward *** treatment irrigated at 50%ET c until veraison and 25%thereafter(T50-25)increased the phenolic compound content in grape *** treatment received only rain water during the grape growing season(CK)and the one irrigated at 25%of the ET_(c) crop evapotranspiration(T25)caused defoliation and negatively affected the yields and grape composition during all 3 ***,the RDI not only inhibited the vine vegetative growth but also improved the fruit *** terms of productivity and grape composition,the Cabernet Sauvignon grape variety was most sensitive to water stress *** the comprehensive consideration of yield,water-use efficiency and berry composition,the T50-25 treatment was the most efficient irrigation strategy in t

关键词： regulated deficit irrigation Cabernet Sauvignon arid area grape composition

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FREPD: A Robust Federated Learning Framework on Variational Autoencoder

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2021年第12期39卷 307-320页

作者： Zhipin Gu Liangzhong He Peiyan Li Peng sun Jiangyong Shi Yuexiang Yang National University of Defense Technology Changsha410000China China Mobile(Suzhou)Software Technology Co.Ltd. Suzhou215000China Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven5641BZNetherlands

Federated learning is an ideal solution to the limitation of not preser-ving the users’privacy information in edge *** federated learning,the cloud aggregates local model updates from the devices to generate a global *** protect devices’privacy,the cloud is designed to have no visibility into how these updates are generated,making detecting and defending malicious model updates a challenging *** existing works that struggle to tolerate adversarial attacks,the paper manages to exclude malicious updates from the glo-bal model’s *** paper focuses on Byzantine attack and backdoor attack in the federated learning *** propose a federated learning frame-work,which we call Federated Reconstruction Error Probability Distribution(FREPD).FREPD uses a VAE model to compute updates’reconstruction *** with higher reconstruction errors than the average reconstruction error are deemed as malicious updates and ***,we apply the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to choose a proper probability distribution function and tune its parameters to fit the distribution of reconstruction errors from observed benign *** then use the distribution function to estimate the probability that an unseen reconstruction error belongs to the benign reconstruction error *** on the probability,we classify the model updates as benign or *** benign updates are used to aggregate the global *** is tested with extensive experiments on independent and identically distributed(IID)and non-IID federated benchmarks,showing a competitive performance over existing aggregation methods under Byzantine attack and backdoor attack.

关键词： Federated learning reconstruction error probability distribution

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