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Entropy generation in bypas. trans.tional boundary layer flows

Journal of Hydrodynamics 2014年第5期26卷 669-680页

作者： GEOrGE Jos.ph OWEN Landon D. XING Tao MCELIGOT Donald M. CrEPEAU John C. budwig r.lph s. NOLAN Kevin P. Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of IdahoMoscowIdaho 83843USA Univers.ty of Idaho Idaho FallsIdaho 83402USA Univers.ty of Idaho BoiseIdaho 83702USA Imperial College London London SW7-28ZUK

The primary objective of this.s.udy is.to evaluate the accuracy of us.ng computational fluid dynamics.（CFD） turbulence models.to predict entropy generation rates.in bypas. trans.tional boundary layers.flows.under zero and advers. pres.ure gradients. Entropy generation rates.in s.ch flows.are evaluated employing the commercial CFD s.ftware, ANs.s.FLUENT. Various.turbulence and trans.tional models.are as.es.ed by comparing their res.lts.with the direct numerical s.mulation （DNs. data and two recent CFD s.udies. A s.lution verification s.udy is.conducted on three s.s.ematically refined mes.es. The factor of s.fety method is.us.d to es.imate the numerical error and grid uncertainties. Monotonic convergence is.achieved for all s.mulations. The reynolds.number bas.d on momentum thicknes., reo, s.in-friction coefficient, Cf, approximate entropy generation rates. s. dis.ipation coefficient, Cd , and the intermittency, y, are calculated for bypas. trans.tion s.mulations. All reynolds.averaged Navier-s.okes.（rANs. turbulence and trans.tional models.s.ow improvement over previous.CFD res.lts.in predicting ons.t of trans.tion. The trans.tion s.T k - ω 4 equation model s.ows.clos.s. agreement with DNs.data for all flow conditions.in this.s.udy due to a much finer grid and more accurate inlet boundary conditions. The other rANs.models.predict an early ons.t of trans.tion and higher boundary layer entropy generation rates.than the DNs.s.ows.

关键词： entropy generation bypas. trans.tion reynolds.averaged Navier-s.okes.(rANs. trans.tional boundary layer turbulence models

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Mes.thelioma in relation to as.es.os.expos.re in laboratory work

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Health 2013年第6期5卷 981-984页

作者： Penpatra s.ipaiboonkij Maritta s. Jaakkola Center for Environmental and res.iratory Health res.arch University of Oulu Oulu Finland Faculty of Public Health Thammasat University Bangkok Thailand

Introduction: Mes.thelioma is.a malignant conditioncaus.d by expos.re to as.es.os.that has.typically a long latency period. The dis.as. is.us.ally found in the later s.ages.when the prognos.s.is.poor des.ite treatments. Objective: To report a mes.thelioma found in a laboratory. Method: We reported here a cas. of a 60 year-old-man who was.expos.d to as.es.os.fibres.firs. when he s.udied in a laboratory at high s.hool and then he had expos.re over the following years.until graduating with a mas.er’s.degree, but he did not have expos.re after it. He was.a s.oker as.a teenager and he gave up after 23 years. His.firs. s.mptom was.coughing at night which las.ed for s.veral months.until the pleural fluid was.dis.overed on the right s.de of thorax. This.triggered inves.igations.led to a diagnos.s.of mes.thelioma. According to a s.s.ematic literature s.arch, mes.thelioma has.not been reported previous.y in relation to as.es.os.expos.re in laboratory work. An operation was.carried out, but the patient refus.d to take chemotherapy due to the limited benefits.that could be expected from it. Ins.ead, he opted for a budwig protocol. The cas. has.had a good quality of life s.nce the s.rgery, and did not have any medications. He has.regular check-ups.at the hos.ital. Conclus.on: Our s.udy has.s.own that mes.thelioma is.not only a ris. to people directly expos.d to as.es.os. but als. indirectly from, for example, laboratory work. People s.ould avoid expos.re to as.es.os.in daily life.

关键词： Mes.thelioma As.es.os Occupational Dis.as.s Laboratory budwig

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