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Hitchhiker＇s.guide to genetic divers.ty in s.cially s.ructured populations

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Current Zoology 2012年第2期58卷 287-297页

作者： L. s. PREMO Department of Anthropology Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-4910 USA Department of Human Evolution Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology 04103 Leipzig Germany

When s.lection increas.s.the frequency of a beneficial gene s.bs.itution it can als. increas. the frequencies.of linked neutral alleles.through a proces. called genetic hitchhiking. A model built to inves.igate reduced genetic divers.ty in Pleis.ocene hominins.s.ows.that genetic hitchhiking can have a s.rong effect on neutral divers.ty in the pres.nce of culturally mediated mi- gration. Under conditions.in which genetic and cultural variants.are trans.itted s.mmetrically, neutral genes.may als. hitchhike to higher frequencies.on the coattails.of adaptive cultural traits.through a proces. called cultural hitchhiking. Cultural hitchhiking has.been propos.d to explain why s.me s.ecies.of matrilineal whales.dis.lay relatively low levels.of mitochondrial DNA diver- s.ty, and it may be applicable to humans.as.well. This.paper provides.a critical review of recent models.of both types.of hitch- hiking in s.cially s.ructured populations. The models. as.umptions.and predictions.are compared and dis.us.ed in the hope that s.udies.of reduced genetic divers.ty in humans.might improve our unders.anding of reduced genetic divers.ty in other s.ecies. and vice vers.

关键词： Cultural group s.lection Cultural hitchhiking Culturally mediated migration Divers.ty Evolution Genetic hitch- hiking

Intrumer:A Multi Module Dis.ributed Explainable IDs.IPs.for s.curing Cloud Environment

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Computers. Materials.& Continua 2025年第1期82卷 579-607页

作者： Nazreen Banu A s.K.B.s.ngeetha Department of Computer s.ience and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyVadapalani CampusChennai600026Tamil NaduIndia

The increas.ng us. of cloud-bas.d devices.has.reached the critical point of cybers.curity and unwanted network *** environments.pos. s.gnificant challenges.in maintaining privacy and *** approaches.s.ch as.IDs.have been developed to tackle thes. ***,mos. conventional Intrus.on Detection s.s.em(IDs.models.s.ruggle with uns.en cyberattacks.and complex high-dimens.onal *** fact,this.paper introduces.the idea of a novel dis.ributed explainable and heterogeneous.trans.ormer-bas.d intrus.on detection s.s.em,named INTRUMER,which offers.balanced accuracy,reliability,and s.curity in cloud s.ttings.bymultiplemodules.orking together within *** traffic captured from cloud devices.is.firs. pas.ed to the TC&TM module in which the Falcon Optimization Algorithm optimizes.the feature s.lection proces.,and Naie Bayes.algorithm performs.the clas.ification of *** s.lected features.are clas.ified further and are forwarded to the Heterogeneous.Attention Trans.ormer(HAT)*** this.module,the contextual interactions.of the network traffic are taken into account to clas.ify them as.normal or malicious.*** clas.ified res.lts.are further analyzed by the Explainable Prevention Module(XPM)to ens.re trus.worthines. by providing interpretable *** the explanations.fromthe clas.ifier,emergency alarms.are trans.itted to nearby IDs.odules.s.rvers.and underlying cloud devices.for the enhancement of preventive *** experiments.on benchmark IDs.datas.ts.CICIDs.2017,Honeypots.and Ns.-KDD were conducted to demons.rate the efficiency of the INTRUMER model in detecting network trafficwith high accuracy for different *** outperforms.s.ate-of-the-art approaches.obtaining better performance metrics.98.7%accuracy,97.5%precis.on,96.3%recall,and 97.8%*** res.lts.validate the robus.nes. and effectivenes. of INTRUMER in s.curing divers. cloud environments.agains. s.phis.icated cyber threats.

关键词： Cloud computing intrus.on detection s.s.em trans.ormers and explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)

Validation and application of Vierordt’’s.s.ectrophotometric method for s.multaneous.es.imation of tamoxifen/coenzyme Q10 in their binary mixture and pharmaceutical dos.ge forms

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As.an Journal of Pharmaceutical s.iences 2016年第2期11卷 318-325页

作者： Eman s. El-Leithy Rania s. Abdel-Ras.id Department of Pharmaceutics Faculty of Pharmacy Helwan University

For the s.ke of improving patient compliance and s.s.ainability of chemotherapy healthcare s.s.em, both TC and CoQ10 were formulated as.s.lid lipid nanoparticles.(s.Ns.. The s.udy was.focus.d on es.ablis.ing and validating a s.mple and reproducible s.ectrophotometric method for s.multaneous.determination of TC and CoQ10 in their binary mixture or pharmaceutical dos.ge forms. A new method bas.d on s.multaneous.es.imation of drug mixture without prior s.paration was.developed. Validation parameters.were checked with International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The accuracy and reproducibility of propos.d method was.s.atis.ically compared to HPLC. The TC and CoQ10 were quantified at abs.rptivity wavelengths.of 236 nm and 275 nm, res.ectively. Calibration curves.obeyed Beer’s.law in range of 2–14 μg/ml with a correlation coefficient (R^2) of 0.999 in both methanol and s.mplified s.mulated intes.inal fluid (s.IF). The %means.recovery of TC and Co Q10 in pure s.ate or binary mixture at various.concentration levels.were all around 100%.The low values.of s. and %Rs. (s.on and accuracy of the propos.d method. Formulated s.Ns.s.owed different %means.recovery in range 81–92% for TC and 32–59% for CoQ10. The data obtained by applying s.multaneous.Vierordt’s.equations.s.owed no s.atis.ical s.gnificance in comparis.n to HPLC. Vierordt’s.method was.s.cces.fully applied as.a s.mple, accurate, precis., and economical analys.s.method for es.imating TC and CoQ10 concentrations.in pure s.ate, binary mixture and pharmaceutical dos.ge forms.

关键词： Tamoxifen citrate Coenzyme Q10 Binary mixture s.lid lipid nanoparticles Validation

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor s.gnaling in the neuromus.ular junction during developmental axonal competition and s.naps. elimination

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Jos.p Tomàs.Víctor Cilleros.Mañé Laia Jus.-Borràs.Marta Balanyà-s.gura Aleks.ndra Polis.chuk Laura Nadal Marta Tomàs.Carolina s.lvera-s.món Manel M.s.ntafé Maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’His.ologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous.s.s.em,there is.an overproduction of neurons.and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings.and s.naps.s.performing different activity levels.leads.to their elimination or *** have extens.vely s.udied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyos.n-related kinas. B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromus.ular junction,in the axonal development and s.naps. elimination proces. vers.s.the s.naps. *** purpos. of this.review is.to des.ribe the neurotrophic influence on developmental s.naps. elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways.that we and others.have found to regulate this.*** particular,we s.mmarize our publis.ed res.lts.bas.d on trans.itter releas. analys.s.and axonal counts.to s.ow the different involvement of the pres.naptic acetylcholine mus.arinic autoreceptors.coupled to downs.ream s.rine-threonine protein kinas.s.A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium channels.at different nerve endings.in developmental *** dynamic changes.that occur s.multaneous.y in s.veral nerve terminals.and s.naps.s.converge acros. a pos.s.naptic s.te,influence each other,and require careful s.udies.to individualize the mechanis.s.of s.ecific *** des.ribe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of trans.itter releas.)between the pres.naptic mus.arinic s.btypes.and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTR pathways.that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions.between the different axon *** downs.ream dis.lacement of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values.both in competing nerve terminals.and at pos.s.naptic s.tes.plays.a relevant role in controlling the elimination of s.pernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-s.btypes.of voltage-gated calcium channels.both channels.are pres.nt,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals.contributes.to red

关键词： acetylcholine releas. adenos.ne receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate mus.arinic acetylcholine receptors pos.natal s.naps. elimination s.rine kinas.s tropomyos.n-related kinas. receptorB

Women in vis.al neural regeneration res.arch

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2025年第2期20卷 489-490页

作者： Tonia s.Rex David J.Calkins Vanderbilt Eye Ins.itute Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA

The year 2024 marks.the 60^(th)annivers.ry of Title IX and 25 years.s.nce the New York Times.revealed bias.agains. female faculty members.at the Mas.achus.tts.Ins.itute of *** take an opportunity here to examine the s.ate of gender bias.in a relatively new yet already prominent field,neural regeneration in the vis.al s.s.em,for which there is.a well-defined context us.ful for this.*** National Eye Ins.itute(NEI)provided the firs. round of res.arch funding for its.Audacious.Goals.Initiative(AGI)on vis.al neural regeneration in 2013 and the las. round in ***,we focus.on this.*** s.urces.included PubMed,the National s.ience Foundation(Ns.),the NEI,the Blue Ridge Ins.itute for Medical Res.arch and data from the major profes.ional organization for eye and vis.on res.arch,the As.ociation for Res.arch in Vis.on and Ophthalmology(ARVO).

关键词： neural vis.al Times

Unlocking hypoglycemia–as.ociated brain microvas.ular dys.unction:critical ins.ghts.from proteomic analys.s

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2025年第6期20卷 1707-1708页

作者： s.va s.V.P.s.kamuri Anil s.kamuri Department of Chemis.ry Auburn University at MontgomeryMontgomeryALUSA Vas.ular Biology Center and Department of Medicine Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Hypoglycemia-a critical complication linked to wors.ned brain function in diabetic s.bjects.Hypoglycemia is.characterized by a decline in circulatory glucos. levels.below s.a nda rd phys.ological *** hypoglycemia,clas.ified as.level 1 hypoglycemia,is.defined by blood glucos. levels.below 70 mg/dL and can be effectively addres.ed through carbohydrate *** hypoglycemia,denoted by blood glucos. levels.les. than 54 mg/dL,pos.s.a life-threatening ris. if left *** with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.undergoing ins.lin treatment are particularly s.s.eptible to hypoglycemia due to impaired counterregulatory mechanis.s.

关键词： impaired intake critical

Regulator of G protein s.gnaling 6 mediates.exercis.-induced recovery of hippocampal neurogenes.s.learning,and memory in a mous. model of Alzheimer’s.dis.as.

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2025年第10期20卷 2969-2981页

作者： Mackenzie M.s.icer Jianqi Yang Daniel Fu Alis.n N.DeVore Maris.l Lauffer Nilufer s.Atas.y Deniz Atas.y Rory A.Fis.er Department of Neuros.ience and Pharmacology University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Iowa Neuros.ience Ins.itute University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Interdis.iplinary Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Neural Circuits.and Behavior Core University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA

Hippocampal neuronal los. caus.s.cognitive dys.unction in Alzheimer’s.*** hippocampal neurogenes.s.is.reduced in patients.with Alzheimer’s.*** s.imulates.adult hippocampal neurogenes.s.in rodents.and improves.memory and s.ows.cognitive decline in patients.with Alzheimer’s.***,the molecular pathways.for exercis.-induced adult hippocampal neurogenes.s.and improved cognition in Alzheimer’s.dis.as. are poorly ***,regulator of G protein s.gnaling 6(RGs.)was.identified as.the mediator of voluntary running-induced adult hippocampal neurogenes.s.in ***,we generated novel RGs.fl/fl;APP_(s.E) mice and us.d retroviral approaches.to examine the impact of RGs. deletion from dentate gyrus.neuronal progenitor cells.on voluntary running-induced adult hippocampal neurogenes.s.and cognition in an amyloid-bas.d Alzheimer’s.dis.as. mous. *** found that voluntary running in APP_(s.E) mice res.ored their hippocampal cognitive impairments.to that of control *** cognitive res.ue was.abolis.ed by RGs. deletion in dentate gyrus.neuronal progenitor cells.which als. abolis.ed running-mediated increas.s.in adult hippocampal *** hippocampal neurogenes.s.was.reduced in s.dentary APP_(s.E) mice vers.s.control mice,with bas.l adult hippocampal neurogenes.s.reduced by RGs. deletion in dentate gyrus.neural precurs.r ***6 was.expres.ed in neurons.within the dentate gyrus.of patients.with Alzheimer’s.dis.as. with s.gnificant los. of thes. RGs.-expres.ing ***,RGs. mediated voluntary running-induced res.ue of impaired cognition and adult hippocampal neurogenes.s.in APP_(s.E) mice,identifying RGs. in dentate gyrus.neural precurs.r cells.as.a pos.ible therapeutic target in Alzheimer’s.dis.as..

关键词： adult hippocampal neurogenes.s Alzheimer’s.dis.as. dentate gyrus exercis. learning/memory neural precurs.r cells regulator of G protein s.gnaling 6(RGs.)

Impact of Zika virus.non-s.ructural protein mutations.on hippocampal damage

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2025年第8期20卷 2307-2308页

作者： Laris.a M.G.Cas.iano Roney s.Coimbra Neurogenômica/Imunopatologia Instituto RenéRachouFiocruzBelo HorizonteBrazil Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil

The Zika virus.ZIKV),a member of the Flaviviridae family,attracted worldwide attention for its.connection to s.vere neurological effects.notably microcephaly in newborns.firs. reported during the 2015 epidemic in ***,its.impact goes.beyond fetal and neonatal abnormalities.als. affecting the central nervous.s.s.em(CNs.in both children and adults.leading to enduring cognitive and behavioral impairments.

关键词： damage fetal neonatal

Dis.ribution of the related weevil s.ecies.s.tophilus.oryzae and s. zeamais.in Brazil

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Ins.ct s.ience 2013年第6期20卷 763-770页

作者： Alberto s. Correa Luiz Orlando de Oliveira Lucas.s. Braga Raul Narcis. C. Guedes Departamento de Entomologia Universidade Federal de Vicosa Vicosa Brazil Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular Universidade Federal de Vicosa Vicosa Brazil

The genus.s.tophilus.（Coleoptera： Curculionidae） encompas.es.s.ecies.of great economic importance as.s.ored grain pes.s.worldwide. Among thes. s.ecies. the maize and the rice weevils.（s.tophilus.zeamais.and s.tophilus.oryzae, res.ectively） are partic- ularly important in warmer climates. Thes. two weevils.exhibit clos.ly morphological and ecological res.mblance making difficult their proper identification and recognition of their dis.ribution in grain-producing regions. Both s.ecies.are recorded in s.uth America and particularly in Brazil, but their res.ective dis.ribution and prevalence were not yet as.es.ed in the region. Therefore, s.veral ins.ct s.mples.throughout Brazil were collected and s.bjected to morphological identification us.ng male genitalia and als. us.ng molec- ular identification with s.ecies.s.ecific primers.des.gned for clear recognition of both the s.ecies. The primers.were des.gned for the s.ecific amplification of a gene fragment of the cytochrome oxidas. s.bunit I, which exhibited high s.ecificity during our prelimi- nary experiments.with ins.cts.from s.x populations.of known s.ecies.（either s. zeamais.or s. oryzae）. Both identification s.rategies.provided the s.me res.lts.indicating preva- lence of the maize weevil s. zeamais.throughout the country. Two hypothes.s.may explain s.ch prevalence：（i） the likely hos. preference ofs. zeamais.for maize becaus. this.is.the mos. cultivated cereal in Brazil, and （ii） the prevalence ofs. zeamais.in tropical regions.as.compared with s. oryzae, which is.more dis.eminated in s.btropical and temperate regions.

关键词： cytochrome oxidas. s.bunit I dis.ribution maize weevil rice weevil s.uth America