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Insect Science 2009年第3期16卷 263-276页

作者： Heath A. MacMillan Jillian P. Walsh brent J. Sinclair Department of Biology The University of Western Ontario London ON N6A 5B7 Canada

Cross tolerance, whereby tolerance to one environmental stress is correlated with tolerance to other stressors, is thought to be widespread in insects. We used lines of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen （Diptera： Drosophilidae） selected for survival at a 1-h exposure to -5℃ to examine the extent to which this selection results in increased tolerance to other stresses, including high and low temperatures, desiccation and starvation. While selection improved tolerance to acute cold exposure and survival at -5℃, there was little effect of selection regime on tolerance to other stressors. There was no correlation between tolerances to any of the stressors, suggesting different mechanisms of tolerance. This supports arguments that correlations between stress tolerances during selection experiments with D. melanogaster may be coincidental. The magnitude of heat-hardening was apparently constrained by basal tolerance among lines, but the magnitude of the rapid cold-hardening response was not correlated with basal cold tolerance, implying that the relationship between inducible and basal tolerances differs at high and low temperatures.

关键词： chill coma cold tolerance cross-tolerance desiccation heat shock high temperature laboratory selection longevity rapid cold hardening starvation

Maternal salinity improves yield, size and stress tolerance of Suaeda fruticosa seeds

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第2期12卷 283-293页

作者： Syed Z SHAH Aysha RASHeeD Bilquees GUL Muhammad A KHAN brent LNIeLSeN Abdul HAMeeD Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization University of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Govt.Degree Boys College Sector 4ENew SaeedabadBaldia TownKarachi 75760Pakistan Department of Microbiology&Molecular Biology Brigham Young UniversityProvoUT 84602USA

Shrubby seablite or lani(Suaeda fruticosa Forssk)is a perennial euhalophyte with succulent leaves,which could be planted on arid-saline lands for restoration and cultivated as a non-conventional edible or cash *** about the impacts of maternal saline environment on seed attributes of this important euhalophyte is *** study investigated the effects of maternal salinity on yield,size and stress tolerance of *** *** of *** were grown in a green net house under increasing maternal salinity levels(0,300,600 and 900 mM NaCl)until seed *** yield,size,stress tolerance and germination of the descended seeds under different maternal saline conditions were *** grown under saline conditions(300,600 and 900 mM NaCl)produce a substantially higher quantity of seeds than plants grown under non-saline condition(0 mM NaCl).Low maternal salinity(300 mM NaCl)improves seed *** produced under all maternal salinity levels display a higher tolerance to low temperature(night/day thermoperiod of 10℃/20℃),whereas seeds produced under 300 mM NaCl maternal saline condition show a better tolerance to high temperature(night/day thermoperiod of 25℃/35℃)during *** from all maternal saline conditions germinate better in the 12 h photoperiod(12 h light/12 h dark)than in the dark(24 h dark);however,seeds produced from low and moderate maternal saline conditions(300 and 600 mM NaCl)show a higher germination in the dark than those from control and high maternal saline conditions(0 and 900 mM NaCl).In general,maternal salinity is found to improve yield,size and stress tolerance of *** seeds.

关键词： euhalophyte maternal salinity salt tolerance seed germination non-saline condition Suaeda fruticosa

Bayesian optimization with active learning of design constraints using an entropy-based approach

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1866-1879页

作者： Danial Khatamsaz brent Vela Prashant Singh Duane D.Johnson Douglas Allaire Raymundo Arróyave J.Mike Walker’66 Department of Mechanical engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Materials Science and engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Ames Laboratory U.S.Department of EnergyIowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA Department of Materials Science&engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA Department of Industrial and Systems engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

The design of alloys for use in gas turbine engine blades is a complex task that involves balancing multiple objectives and *** alloys must be ductile at room temperature and retain their yield strength at high temperatures,as well as possess low density,high thermal conductivity,narrow solidification range,high solidus temperature,and a small linear thermal expansion *** Integrated Computational Materials engineering(ICMe)methods are not sufficient for exploring combinatorially-vast alloy design spaces,optimizing for multiple objectives,nor ensuring that multiple constraints are *** this work,we propose an approach for solving a constrained multi-objective materials design problem over a large composition space,specifically focusing on the Mo-Nb-Ti-V-W system as a representative Multi-Principal element Alloy(MPeA)for potential use in next-generation gas turbine *** approach is able to learn and adapt to unknown constraints in the design space,making decisions about the best course of action at each stage of the *** a result,we identify 21 Pareto-optimal alloys that satisfy all *** proposed framework is significantly more efficient and faster than a brute force approach.

关键词： alloys solidification alloy

effect of Genome-Wide Genotyping and Reference Panels on Rare Variants Imputation

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2012年第10期39卷 545-550页

作者： Hou-Feng Zheng Martin Ladouceur Celia M.T. Greenwood J. brent Richards Department of Medicine Human Genetics McGill University Montreal Quebec H3T 1E2 Canada Department of epidemiology and Biostatistics Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research Jewish General Hospital Montreal Quebec H3T 1E2 Canada Research Center of Montreal Heart Institute Montreal Quebec HIT 1C8 Canada Department of Oncology McGill University Montreal Quebec H3T IE2 Canada Twin Research and Genetic epidemiology King's College London London SE1 7EH United Kingdom

Common variants explain little of the variance of most common disease, prompting large-scale sequencing studies to understand the contribution of rare variants to these diseases. Imputation of rare variants from genome-wide genotypic arrays offers a cost-efficient strategy to achieve necessary sample sizes required for adequate statistical power. To estimate the performance of imputation of rare variants, we imputed 153 individuals, each of whom was genotyped on 3 different genotype arrays including 317k, 610k and 1 million single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs）, to two different reference panels： HapMap2 and 1000 Genomes pilot March 2010 release （1KGpilot） by using IMPUTe version 2. We found that more than 94% and 84% of all SNPs yield acceptable accuracy （info 〉 0.4） in HapMap2 and 1KGpilot-based imputation, respectively. For rare variants （minor allele frequency （MAF）〈5%）, the proportion of well- imputed SNPs increased as the MAF increased from 0.3% to 5% across all 3 genome-wide association study （GWAS） datasets. The proportion of well-imputed SNPs was 69%, 60% and 49% for SNPs with a MAF from 0.3% to 5% for 1M, 610k and 317k, respectively. None of the very rare variants （MAF 〈 0.3%） were well imputed. We conclude that the imputation accuracy of rare variants increases with higher density of genome-wide genotyping arrays when the size of the reference panel is small. Variants with lower MAF are more difficult to impute. These findings have important implications in the design and replication of large-scale sequencing studies.

关键词： Genotype imputation Genome-wide association study 1000 Genome Project HapMap Rare variant Common disease

Cutaneous myiasis with eosinophilic pleural effusion:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第18期9卷 4803-4809页

作者： Tao Fan Yu Zhang Yan Lv Jing Chang brent A Bauer Juan Yang Cheng-Wei Wang Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Chengdu Integrated Traditi Department of General Internal Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

BACKGROUND Cutaneous myiasis is frequently observed;however,eosinophilic pleural effusion induced by this condition is *** SUMMARY We report the case of a 65-year-old female Tibetan patient from Qinghai Province,who presented to West China Hospital of Sichuan University around mid-November 2011 with a chief complaint of recurrent cough,occasional hemoptysis,and right chest *** was no past medical and surgical history of note,except for occasional dietary habit of eating raw *** examination revealed a left lung collapse and diminished breathing sounds in her left lung,with moist rales heard in both *** X-rays demonstrated a left hydropneumothorax and a right lung *** computed tomography revealed a left hydropneumothorax with partial compressive atelectasis and patchy consolidation on the right *** data revealed peripheral blood eosinophilia of 37.2%,with a white blood cell count of 10.4×109/*** immunoglobulin e levels were elevated(1650 unit/mL).Serum parasite antibodies were negative except for cysticercosis immunoglobulin *** marrow aspirates were hypercellular,with a marked increase in the number of mature eosinophils and eosinophilic *** ultrasound-guided left-sided thoracentesis produced a yellow-cloudy exudative *** to respond to antibiotic treatment during hospitalization for her symptoms and persistent blood eosinophilia led the team to start oral albendazole(400 mg/d)for presumed parasitic infestation for three consecutive days after the ninth day of *** migratory stabbing pain and swelling sensation on both her upper arms and shoulders were reported;tender nodules and worm-like live organisms were observed in the responding sites 1 wk *** the removal of the live organisms,they were subsequently identified as first stage hypodermal larvae by the Sichuan Institute of *** patient’s symptoms were relieved soon *** follow

关键词： Cutaneous myiasis eosinophilic pleural effusion Hypoderma larvae Albendazole Case report

Neuromuscular,biomechanical,and energetic adjustments following repeated bouts of downhill running

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第3期11卷 319-329页

作者： Arash Khassetarash Gianluca Vernillo Renata L.Krüger W.brent edwards Guillaume Y.Millet Human Performance Laboratory Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health University of MilanMilan 20133Italy Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Biology UJM-Saint-EtienneUniversitéde LyonSaint-Etienne 42023France Institut Universitaire de France(IUF) Paris 75231France

Purpose This study used downhill running as a model to investigate the repeated bout effect(RBe)on neuromuscular performance,running biomechanics,and metabolic cost of *** Ten healthy recreational male runners performed two 30-min bouts of downhill running(DR1 and DR2)at a-20%slope and 2.8 m/s 3 weeks *** fatigue,level running biomechanics during slow and fast running,and running economy parameters were recorded immediately before and after the downhill bouts,and at 24 h,48 h,72 h,96 h,and 168 h thereafter(i.e.,follow-up days).Results An RBe was confirmed by attenuated muscle soreness and serum creatine kinase rise after DR2 compared to *** RBe was also observed in maximum voluntary contraction(MVC)force loss and voluntary activation where DR2 resulted in attenuated MVC force loss and voluntary activation immediately after the run and during follow-up *** downhill running protocol significantly influenced level running biomechanics;an RBe was observed in which center of mass excursion and,therefore,lower-extremity compliance were greater during follow-up days after DR1 compared to *** observed changes in level running biomechanics did not influence the energy cost of *** This study demonstrated evidence of adaptation in neural drive as well as biomechanical changes with the RBe after *** higher neural drive resulted in attenuated MVC force loss after the second *** can be concluded that the RBe after downhill running manifests as changes to global and central fatigue parameters and running biomechanics without substantially altering the energy cost of running.

关键词： Cost of running eccentric exercise Fatigue Muscle damage

A field guide for aging passerine nestlings using growth data and predictive modeling

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Avian Research 2021年第2期12卷 141-149页

作者： Audrey A.Sanchez Andrew W.Bartlow Allison M.Chan Jeanne M.Fair Aaron A.Skinner Kelly Hutchins Maria A.Musgrave emily M.Phillips brent e.Thompson Charles D.Hathcock environmental Stewardship Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNMUSA Biosecurity and Public Health Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNMUSA Water Program N3BLos AlamosNMUSA

Background:Accurate nestling age is valuable for studies on nesting strategies,productivity,and impacts on repro-ductive *** aging guides consist of descriptions and photographs that are time consuming to read and subjective to *** Western Bluebird(Sialia mexicana)is a secondary cavity-nesting passerine that nests in coniferous and open deciduous *** box programs for cavity-nesting species have provided suitable nesting locations and opportunities for data collection on nestling growth and ***:We developed models for predicting the age of Western Bluebird nestlings from morphometric meas-urements using model training and *** were developed for mass,tarsus,and two different culmen ***:Our models were accurate to within less than a day,and each model worked best for a specific age *** mass and tarsus models can be used to estimate the ages of Western Bluebird nestlings 0-10 days old and were accurate to within 0.5 days for mass and 0.7 days for *** culmen models can be used to estimate ages of nest-lings 0-15 days old and were also accurate to within less than a *** daily mean,minimum,and maximum values of each morphometric measurement are provided and can be used in the field for accurate nestling age estimations in real ***:The model training and validation procedures used here demonstrate that this method can create aging models that are highly *** methods can be applied to any passerine species provided sufficient nest-ling morphometric data are available.

关键词： Cavity-nesting Nest boxes Nestling development Predictive models Western Bluebird

On-chip frequency combs and telecommunications signal processing meet quantum optics

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2018年第2期11卷 134-147页

作者： Christian ReIMeR Yanbing ZHANG Piotr ROZTOCKI Stefania SCIARA Luis Romero CORTeS Mehedi ISLAM Bennet FISCHeR Benjamin WeTZeL Alfonso Carmelo CINO Sai Tak CHU brent little David MOSS Lucia CASPANI Jose AZANA Michael KUeS Roberto MORANDOTTI Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique - Centre energie Matrriaux et Telecommunications (INRS-EMT) 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet Varennes Qurbec J3X 1S2 Canada Department of energy Information Engineering and Mathematical Models University of Palermo Palermo Italy Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Sussex Falmer Brighton BN1 9QH UK Department of Physics and Material Science City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Hong Kong China State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an 710119 China Centre for Micro Photonics Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn Victoria 3122 Australia Institute of Photonics Department of Physics University of Strathclyde Glasgow G1 1RD UK School of engineering University of Glasgow Rankine Building Oakfield Avenue Glasgow G 12 8LT UK Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China National Research University of Information Technologies Mechanics and Optics St Petersburg 197101 Russia

entangled optical quantum states are essential towards solving questions in fundamental physics and are at the heart of applications in quantum information science. For advancing the research and development of quantum technologies, practical access to the generation and manipulation of photon states carrying significant quantum resources is required. Recently, integrated photonics has become a leading platform for the compact and cost- efficient generation and processing of optical quantum states. Despite significant advances, most on-chip non- classical light sources are still limited to basic bi-photon systems formed by two-dimensional states （i.e., qubits）. An interesting approach beating large potential is the use of the time or frequency domain to enabled the scalable on- chip generation of complex states. In this manuscript, we review recent efforts in using on-chip optical frequency combs for quantum state generation and telecommunica- tions components for their coherent control. In particular, the generation of bi- and multi-photon entangled qubit states has been demonstrated, based on a discrete time domain approach. Moreover, the on-chip generation of high-dimensional entangled states （quDits） has recentlybeen realized, wherein the photons are created in a coherent superposition of multiple pure frequency modes. The time- and frequency-domain states formed with on-chip frequency comb sources were coherently manipulated via off-the-shelf telecommunications compo- nents. Our results suggest that microcavity-based entangled photon states and their coherent control using accessible telecommunication infrastructures can open up new venues for scalable quantum information science.

关键词： nonlinear optics quantum optics entangledphotons

Lack of support for Rensch＇s rule in an intraspecific test using red flour beetle （Tribo/ium castaneum） populations

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Insect Science 2017年第1期24卷 133-140页

作者： Oliver Y. Martin Lukasz Michalczyk Anna L. Millard brent C. emerson Matthew J. G. Gage School of Biological Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7T J United Kingdom eTH Zurich Experimental Ecology Institute of Integrative Biology D-USYS Universitatsstrasse 16 CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Department of entomology Institute of Zoology Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 9 30-387 Krakow Poland Island ecology and evolution Research Group (IPNA-CSIC) CIAstrofisico Francisco Sanchez 3 38206 La Laguna Tenerife Canary Islands Spain

Rensch＇s rule proposes a universal allometric scaling phenomenon across species where sexual size dimorphism （SSD） has evolved： in taxa with male-biased dimorphism, degree of SSD should increase with overall body size, and in taxa with female-biased dimorphism, degree of SSD should decrease with increasing average body size. Rensch＇s rule appears to hold widely across taxa where SSD is male-biased, but not consistently when SSD is female-biased. Furthermore, studies addressing this question within species are rare, so it remains unclear whether this rule applies at the intraspecific level. We assess body size and SSD within Tribolium castaneum （Herbst）, a species where females are larger than males, using 21 populations derived from separate locations across the world, and maintained in isolated laboratory culture for at least 20 years. Body size, and hence SSD patterns, are highly susceptible to variations in temperature, diet quality and other environmental factors. Crucially, here we nullify interference of such confounds as all populations were maintained under identical conditions （similar densities, standard diet and exposed to identical temperature, relative humidity and photoperiod）. We measured thirty beetles of each sex for all populations, and found body size variation across populations, and （as expected） female-biased SSD in all populations. We test whether Rensch＇s rule holds for our populations, but find isometry, i.e. no allometry for SSD. Our results thus show that Rensch＇s rule does not hold across populations within this species. Our intraspecific test matches previous interspecific studies showing that Rensch＇s rule fails in species with female-biased SSD.

关键词： allometry body size Coleoptera sexual selection sexual size dimorphism Tenebrionidae

A comparison of the relative efficiency of ICSI and extended culture with epididymal sperm versus testicular sperm in patients with obstructive azoospermia

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第2期22卷 222-226页

作者： Scott J Morin brent M Hanson Caroline R Juneau Shelby A Neal Jessica N Landis Richard T Scott Jr James M Hotaling Reproductive Medicine Associates of New Jersey 140 Allen RoadBasking RidgeNJ 07920USA Division of Reproductive endocrinology and Infertility Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University833 Chestnut StreetPhiladelphiaPA 19107USA Foundation for embryonic Competence 140 Allen RoadBasking RidgeNJ 07920USA Division of Urology Department of SurgeryUniversity of Utah School of Medicine30 N 1900 ESalt Lake CityUT 84132USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Utah School of Medicine30 N 1900 ESalt Lake CityUT 84132USA.An abbreviated version of this manuscript was published and presented as an abstract at the American Society for Reproductive Medicine(ASRM)2017 Scientific Congress.

This is a retrospective cohort study comparing blastocyst transfer outcomes following intracytoplasmic sperm injection utilizing epididymal versus testicular sperm for men with obstructive *** cases at a single center between 2012 and 2016 were *** approach was selected at the surgeon’s discretion and included microepididymal sperm aspiration or testicular sperm *** culture was exclusively utilized prior to *** primary outcome was live birth *** outcomes included fertilization rate,blastulation rate,euploidy rate,and implantation rate.A mixed effects model was ***-six microepididymal sperm aspiration cases and 93 testicular sperm extraction cases were *** live birth rate was equivalent(48.6%vs 50.5%,P=0.77).However,on mixed effects model,epididymal sperm resulted in a greater likelihood of fertilization(adjusted OR:1.37,95%CI:1.05–1.81,P=0.02)and produced a higher blastulation rate(adjusted OR:1.41,95%CI:1.1–1.85,P=0.01).As a result,the epididymal sperm group had more supernumerary blastocysts available(4.3 vs 3,Pe euploidy rate was no *** rates were no different through the first transfer ***,intracytoplasmic sperm injection following microepididymal sperm aspiration resulted in a greater number of usable blastocysts per ***,the true benefit of epididymal sperm may only be demonstrated via a comparison of cumulative pregnancy rates after multiple transfers from one cohort.

关键词： azoospermia intracytoplasmic sperm injection male infertility testicular sperm extraction