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Measurements of Laminar Burning Velocities of Alternative Fuels:Application in Transport and Aerospace

Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第2期32卷 503-512页

作者： RICHTER Sandra BRAUn-UnKHOFF Marina NAUMANN Clemens German Aerospace Center(DLR) Institute of Combustion TechnologyDepartment of Chemical Kinetics and AnalyticsStuttgart 70569Germany

The laminar burning velocity belongs to the fundamental combustion properties of fuels being a measure for their heat release,flame length,as well as reactivity and combustion stability,and thus,may impact the design of burners and combustion chambers.Also,these experimental data are needed for the validation and optimization within the construction and development of detailed chemical kinetic reaction mechanisms.Within this study,an overview of the different applications of fuel characterization regarding the specific area of interest(road transport,aviation,and aerospace)will be given.Depending on the application,effects of different molecular characteristics on the laminar burning velocity are evaluated:the presence of oxygen atoms and the grade of branching in a specific fuel molecule as well as the difference in the type of a chemical bond,here,single and double bonds.Examples of alternative fuels being discussed in the present study are:(Ⅰ)oxymethylene ether(OMEn)in the field of road transport;(Ⅱ)a paraffinic Alcohol-to-Jet fuel as sustainable aviation fuel;and(Ⅲ)mixtures of ethane or ethene with nitrous oxide as green propellants for rocket propulsion applications.

关键词： laminar burning velocity alternative sustainable fuels road transport aviation fuels green propellants

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G-StarRAW总部

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城市环境设计 2014年第6期83卷 114-121页

作者： Katrien van Dijk Michel van de Kar Tjeerd van de Sandt Saskia Simon Mario Rodriguez marina Cogliani Jung-Won Yoon Saskia Simon Marlies Boterman marina Coglianiv Karolina Czeczek Green van Gogh Sarah Moylan Mafalda Rangel Tjeerd van de Sandt Richard Hollington Ⅲ Tjeerd van de Sandt Fred Awty Philippe braun Kaveh Dabiri Katrien van Dijk Hans Hammink Mariano Sagasta Koen Stockbroekx

G-Star RAW新总部位于阿姆斯特丹Zuid-Oost工业区内的A10路旁,其单栋建筑集G-Star RAW各类不同设施于一身,旨在刺激各部门间的互动合作。横向的总部大楼长140m,面积达27 500m2,由一个容纳G-Star RAW各个核心部门的"创作核"组成,外围则... 详细信息

G-Star RAW新总部位于阿姆斯特丹Zuid-Oost工业区内的A10路旁,其单栋建筑集G-Star RAW各类不同设施于一身,旨在刺激各部门间的互动合作。横向的总部大楼长140m,面积达27 500m2,由一个容纳G-Star RAW各个核心部门的"创作核"组成,外围则是办公室、停车位和配套设施。对比强烈的材料突显出核心创作区和外环支援活动之间的区别──外环是体量庞大的黑色

关键词： Star G-StarRAW

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Billroth II anastomosis combined with brown anastomosis reduce reflux gastritis in gastric cancer patients

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第1期14卷 71-79页

作者： Grigorios Christodoulidis marina Nektaria Kouliou Konstantinos Eleftherios Koumarelas Konstantinos Argyriou Garyfallia Apostolia Karali Konstantinos Tepetes Department of General Surgery University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41110Greece Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41334Greece

BACKGROUND The surgeon performing a distal gastrectomy,has an arsenal of reconstruction techniques at his disposal,Billroth II among them.braun anastomosis performed during a Billroth II procedure has shown evidence of superiority over typical Billroth II,in terms of survival,with no impact on postoperative morbidity and mortality.AIM To compare Billroth II vs Billroth II and braun following distal gastrectomy,regarding their postoperative course.METHODS Patients who underwent distal gastrectomy during 2002-2021,were separated into two groups,depending on the surgical technique used(Billroth II:74 patients and Billroth II and braun:28 patients).The daily output of the nasogastric tube(NGT),the postoperative day that NGT was removed and the day the patient started per os feeding were recorded.Postoperative complications were at the same time noted.Data were then statistically analyzed.RESULTS There was difference in the mean NGT removal day and the mean start feeding day.Mean total postoperative NGT output was lower in braun group(399.17 mL vs 1102.78 mL)and it was statistically significant(Pbraun group.According to the postoperative follow up 40 patient experienced bile reflux and alkaline gastritis from the Billroth II group,while 9 patients who underwent Christodoulidis G et al.Billroth II and braun compared with Billroth II WJM https://*** 2 March 20,2024 Volume 14 Issue 1 Billroth II and braun anastomosis were presented with the same conditions(Pbraun vs typical Billroth II in terms of bile reflux,alkaline gastritis and NGT output.

关键词： Billroth II Billroth II and braun Reconstruction techniques Gastrectomy Distal gastrectomy

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Genetic characterization of far eastern species of the genus <i>Crepidostomum</i>(Trematoda: Allocreadiidae) by means of 28S ribosomal DNA sequences

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2014年第3期5卷 209-215页

作者： Dmitry M. Atopkin marina B. Shedko Lab. Parasitology Institute of Biology and Soil Science Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of Sciences Vladivostok Rus-sia Lab. Parasitology Institute of Biology and Soil Science Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of Sciences Vladivostok Rus-sia Far Eastern Federal University Vladivostok Russia

Genetic divergence and phylogenetic relationships of four species of the genus Crepidostomum braun, 1900 sensu Caira, Bogea (2005) were revealed using partial sequences of 28S ribosomal RNA gene. Genetic divergence between C. cf. farionis (Muller, 1784) and C. nemachilus Krotov, 1959 was 3.1%, which corresponds to the mean value of interspecific divergence between Crepidostomum species. These two species, therefore, can be recognized as bonafide species. However, we found no genetic differences between 28S rRNA gene sequences of C. nemachilus and C. cf. metoecus braun,1900 inspite of considerable morphological and ecological differences. Maximal values of genetic p-distances were revealed between C. cf. auriculatum Wedl, 1857 and C. cf. farionis. Phylogenetic relationships of Crepidostomum spp. for which sequence data are available, along with species in other related genera (Bunodera Railliet, 1896 and Allocreadium Loss, 1900) showed a paraphyly of the genus Crepidostomum. Considerable differentiation of C. cf. auriculatum from other Crepidostomum species was revealed, which may reflect the original description of this species in a separate genus Acrolichanus Ward, 1917. Our results are consistent with the conventional systematics that places the four genera (Crepidostomum, Bunodera, Megalogonia and Allocreadium) within the same family.

关键词： DNA Sequencing Crepidostomum Acrolichanus Trematoda Digenea Phylognetic Relationships

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