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Degradation Behavior of Epoxy Resins in Fibre Metal Laminates Under Thermal Conditions

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2012年第3期17卷 257-262页

作者：祝国梁肖艳萍杨永祥王俊孙宝德 boom rob Department of Materials Science and Engineering Delft University of Technology2628 CD DelftThe Netherlands State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiaotong University Department of Metallurgical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy Northeastern University

GLARE （glass fibre/epoxy reinforced aluminum laminate） is a member of the fiber metal laminate （FML） family, and is built up of alternating metal and fiber layers. About 500 m2 GLARE is employed in each Airbus A380 because of the superior mechanical properties over the monolithic Muminum alloys, such as weight reduction, improved damage tolerance and higher ultimate tensile strength. Many tons of new GLARE scraps have been accumulated during the Airbus A380 manufacturing. Moreover, with the increasing plane orders of Airbus A380, more and more end-of-life （EOL） GLARE scrap will be generated after retire of planes within forty years. Thermal processing is a potential method for the material recycling and re-use from GLARE with the aim of environmental protection and economic benefits. The current study indicatdes that thermal delamination is a crucial pre-treatment step for the GLARE recycling. The decomposition behavior of the epoxy resins at elevated temperatures was investigated by using the simultaneous thermal analysis, thermogravimetry analysis （TGA） and differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. Based on the thermal analysis results, GLARE thermal delamination experiments at refined temperatures were carried out to optimize the treatment temperature and holding time.

关键词： fibre metal laminates GLARE (glass fibre/epoxy reinforced aluminum laminate) recycling decomposition kinetics thermal degradation

Recycling of Aluminum from Fibre Metal Laminates

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2012年第3期17卷 263-267页

Recycling of aluminum alloy scrap obtained from delaminated fibre metal laminates （FMLs） was studied through high temperature refining in the presence of a salt flux. The aluminum alloy scrap contains approximately mass fraction w（Cu） = 4.4%, w（Mg） = 1.1% and w（Mn） = 0.6% （2024 aluminum alloy）. The main objective of this research is to obtain a high metal yield, while maintaining its original alloy compositions. The work focuses on the metal yield and quality of recycled A1 alloy under different refining conditions. The NaCI-KC1 salt system was selected as the major components of flux in the A1 alloy recycling. Two different flux compositions were employed at NaC1 to KC1 mass ratios of 44：56 and 70：30 respectively, based on either the euteetic composition, or the European preference. Different additives were introduced into the NaCI-KC1 system to study the effect of flux component on recycling result. Although burning and oxidation loss of the alloying elements during re-melting and refining take place as the drawbacks of conventional refining process, the problems can be solved to a large extent by using an appropriate salt flux. Experimental results indicate that Mg in the alloy gets lost when adding cryolite in the NaCI-KC1 salt system, though the metal yield can reach as high as 98%. However, by adding w（MgF2） = 5% into the NaCI-KC1 salt system （instead of using cryolite） all alloying elements were well controlled to its original composition with a metal yield of almost 98%.

关键词： Al-Cu-Mg alloy 2024 A1 recycling cryolite salt flux

Effect of nut coke on the reduction behavior in iron-making blast furnace

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Baosteel Technical Research 2015年第3期9卷 8-16页

作者： SONG Qingshi YANG Yongxiang rob boom Research Institute Baoshan Iron & Steel Co.Ltd. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Delft University of Technology

Ore-coke mixed charging is a potential technique for optimizing the charging pattern. Recently, the charging of small-sized coke（ nut coke） with the ferrous burden layer has been applied to reduce raw material usage and decrease costs. Various studies indicate that mixing nut coke with ferrous burden can enhance the reduction kinetics,improve the softening and melting properties, and have a positive effect on the permeability. Although mixed charging, especially the addition of nut coke to the burden layer, has been used in the industry for various reasons ,the mechanisms and side effects for using nut coke are not well understood, and the mixing ratio remains limited in actual blast furnace operation. High-temperature experimental studies were conducted to increase the understanding of the complex process of reduction, softening and melting properties, and permeability in a blast furnace when mixing nut coke with an ore layer. The effect of the nut coke mixing ratio and nut coke size was investigated under various reducing conditions. To describe the reduction processes of burden materials, numerous experiments were interrupted at different stages of the reduction, and the collected materials were examined by using image analysis. The reduction degree of mixed charging（iron ore mixing with nut coke） was improved when using nut coke at the temperatures of 800 ℃ and above. The reaction rate of ore-nut coke mixed charging was higher than that of standard charging without the use of nut coke.

关键词： nut coke reduction permeability blast furnace ironmaking

Experimental study on the effect of using nut coke on the permeability of packed beds in blast furnaces

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Baosteel Technical Research 2014年第4期8卷 15-19页

作者： SONG Qingshi YANG Yongxiang LI Xianwei rob boom Research Institute Baoshan Iron & Steel Co.Ltd. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Delft University of Technology

The charging pattern may affect blast furnace permeability, coke ratio, and the freedom to select lowgrade raw materials. Ore-coke mixed charging is a potential technique for optimizing the charging pattern. In recent years,charging small-sized coke （nut coke） into the burden layer has been applied to save raw materials and decrease cost. Although mixed charging, especially adding nut coke into the burden layer, may have many advantages, the mechanisms and side effects of nut coke use are not well understood, and the mixing ratio is still limited in industrial blast furnace operation. In this study ,the status of mixed charging, especially nut coke used in blast furnaces, was investigated. A cold flow model was established to study the permeability of the packed bed in the blast furnace ＂dry zone＂ under different conditions with the aim of better understanding the mechanisms of mixing coke and nut coke into the burden layer. The effect of coke size, mixing coke ratio, layer numbers, and gas flow rate on the pressure drop of the packed bed was investigated. The experimental results show that mixing the nut coke in the ore layers decreases the pressure drop to different extents depending on mixing ratio.

关键词： nut coke blast furnace packed bed permeability

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氧气转炉炼钢的副枪技术

浙江冶金 1996年第1期 56-61页

作者： rob boom 黄雪清荷兰Hoogo Vens Groep BV 福建省三明钢铁厂科技处

副枪动态控制使重吹的需要降至最小,确保钢水准时送到铸机,井减少能源消耗、原材料消耗以及改善了劳动条件。副枪技术二十多年来在稳步提高,本文用 Hoogovens厂氧气转炉炼钢使用该技术受益的情况作为例子来说明该技术的现状。

关键词：氧气转炉炼钢副枪