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Spectral indices measured with proximal sensing using canopy reflectance sensor,chlorophyll meter and leaf color chart for in-season grain yield prediction of basmati rice

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Pedosphere 2022年第6期32卷 812-822页

作者： VARINDERPAL-singh KUNAL MEHTAB-singh bijay-singh Department of Soil Science Punjab Agricultural UniversityLudhiana 141004(India) Shree Guru Gobind singh Tricentenary(SGT)University Chandu-Budhera RoadGurugramHaryana 122505(India) College of Agriculture Punjab Agricultural UniversityLudhiana 141004(India)

A number of optical sensing tools are now available and can potentially be used for refining need-based fertilizer nitrogen(N)topdressing *** for estimating field-specific fertilizer N needs are based on predictions of yield made while the crops are still growing in the *** present study was conducted to establish and validate yield prediction models using spectral indices measured with proximal sensing using GreenSeeker canopy reflectance sensor,soil and plant analyzer development(SPAD)chlorophyll meter,and two different types of leaf color charts(LCCs)for five basmati rice genotypes across different growth *** analysis was performed using normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)recorded with GreenSeeker sensor and leaf greenness indices measured with SPAD meter and LCCs developed by Punjab Agricultural University,Ludhiana(India)(PAU-LCC)and the International Rice Research Institute,Philippines(IRRI-LCC).The exponential relationship between NDVI and grain yield exhibited the highest coefficient of determination(R^(2))and minimum normalized root mean square error(NRMSE)at panicle initiation stage and explained 38.3%–76.4%variation in yield using genotype-specific *** indices pooled for different genotypes were closely related to grain yield at all growth stages and explained53.4%–57.2%variation in grain *** different spectral indices with cumulative growing degree days(CGDD)decreased the accuracy of yield *** with days after transplanting(DAT),however,did not reduce or improve the predictability of *** ability of each model to predict grain yield was validated with an independent dataset collected from two experiments conducted at different sites with a range of fertilizer N *** NDVI-based genotype-specific models exhibited a robust linear correlation(R^(2)=0.77,NRMSE=7.37%,n=180)between observed and predicted grain yields only at 35 DAT(i.e.,panicle initiation stage)

关键词： GreenSeeker canopy reflectance sensor IRRI-LCC need-based nutrient management nitrogen optical sensing tools PAU-LCC SPAD meter

Water-Extractable Carbon Pools and Microbial Biomass Carbon in Sodic Water-Irrigated Soils Amended with Gypsum and Organic Manures

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Pedosphere 2013年第1期23卷 88-97页

作者： O.P.CHOUDHARY J.K.GILL bijay-singh Department of Soil Science Punjab Agricultural University School of Earth and Environment University of Western Australia

Microbial biomass carbon (MBC), a small fraction of soil organic matter, has a rapid turnover rate and is a reservoir of labile nutrients. The water-extractable carbon pools provide a fairly good estimate of labile C present in soil and can be easily quantified. Changes in soil MBC and water-extractable organic carbon pools were studied in a 14-year long-term experiment in plots of rice-wheat rotation irrigated with canal water (CW), sodic water (SW, 10-12.5 mmol c L-1 residual sodium carbonate), and SW amended with gypsum with or without application of organic amendments including farmyard manure (FYM), green manure (GM), and wheat straw (WS). Irrigation with SW increased soil exchangeable sodium percentage by more than 13 times compared to irrigation with CW. Sodic water irrigation significantly decreased hot water-extractable organic carbon (HWOC) from 330 to 286 mg kg-1 soil and cold water-extractable organic carbon (CWOC) from 53 to 22 mg kg-1 soil in the top 0-7.5 cm soil layer. In the lower soil layer (7.5-15 cm), reduction in HWOC was not significant. Application of gypsum alone resulted in a decrease in HWOC in the SW plots, whereas an increase was recorded in the SW plots with application of both gypsum and organic amendments in both the soil layers. Nevertheless, application of gypsum and organic amendments increased the mean CWOC as compared with application of gypsum alone. CWOC was significantly correlated with MBC but did not truly reflect the changes in MBC in the treatments with gypsum and organic amendments applied. For the treatments without organic amendments, HWOC was negatively correlated with MBC (r = 0.57*) in the 0-7.5 cm soil layer, whereas for the treatments with organic amendments, both were positively correlated. Irrigation with SW significantly reduced the rice yield by 3 t ha-1 and the yield of rice and wheat by 5 t ha-1 as compared to irrigation with canal water. Application of amendments significantly increased rice and wheat yields.

关键词： cold water exchangeable sodium percentage hot water organic carbon yield

Inhibition of nitrification in soil by metal diethyldithiocarbamates

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第5期15卷 607-610页

作者： A.Arora bijay singh Dhiraj Sud T.Srivastava C.L.Arora PunjabAgriculturalUniversity PunjabAgriculturalUniversitySantLongowalInstituteofEngineering&TechnologySantLongowalInstituteofEngineering&TechnologyPunjabAgriculturalUniversity Ludhiana141004PunjabIndiaLudhiana141004PunjabIndiaLongowalPunjabIndiaLongowalPunjabIndiaLudhiana141004PunjabIndia

Nitrification acts as a key process in determining fertilizer use efficiency by crops as well as nitrogen losses from soils. Metal dithiocarbamates in addition to their pesticidal properties can also inhibit biological oxidation of ammonium(nitrification) in soil. Metal [M=V(Ⅲ), Cr(Ⅲ), Mn(Ⅱ), Fe(Ⅲ), Ni(Ⅱ), Cu(Ⅱ), Zn(Ⅱ) and Co(Ⅱ)] diethyldithiocarbamates (DEDTC) were synthesized by the reaction of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate with metal chloride in dichloromethane/water mixture. These metal diethyldithiocarbamates were screened for their ability to inhibit nitrification at different concentrations(10 μg/g soil, 50 μg/g soil and 100 μg/g soil). With increasing concentration of the complex, capacity to retard nitrification increased but the extent of increase varied for different metals. At 100 μg/g soil, different complexes showed nitrification inhibition from 22 36% to 46 45%. Among the diethyldithiocarbamates tested, Zn(DEDTC) 2 proved to be the most effective nitrification inhibitor at 100 μg/g soil. Manganese, iron and chromium diethyldithiocarbamates also proved to be effective nitrification inhibitors than the others at 100 μg/g soil. The order of percent nitrification inhibition in soil by metal diethyldithiocarbamates was: Zn(Ⅱ) > Mn(Ⅱ) > Fe(Ⅲ) > Cr(Ⅲ) >V(Ⅲ) > Co(Ⅱ) > Ni(Ⅱ) > Cu(Ⅱ).

关键词： nitrification inhibitor diethyldithiocarbamate metal complexes nitrogenous fertilizers pesticides

Wheat grain yield and nitrogen uptake prediction using atLeaf and GreenSeeker portable optical sensors at jointing growth stage

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2020年第3期7卷 375-383页

作者： Ali M.Ali S.M.Ibrahim bijay-singh Department of Soil Fertility and Microbiology Desert Research CenterCairo 11753Egypt Department of Soil Science Punjab Agricultural UniversityLudhiana 141004India

Rapid acquisition of information about nitrogen(N)uptake and grain yield is an essential step in making site-specific in-season fertilizer N management *** objective of this study was to quantify and validate the relationships between N uptake and grain yield of wheat using in-season measurements with atLeaf chlorophyll meter and GreenSeeker optical sensor at Feekes 6 growth stage(jointing stage)of *** relationships were developed using data generated from experiments with multi-rate fertilizer N treatments and conducted in two consecutive wheat seasons(2017/2018 and 2018/2019)at two locations in the western Nile Delta of Egypt.A power function based on atLeaf measurement at Feekes 6 stage of wheat could explain 55.3%and 53.3%variations in the N uptake at this stage and grain yield at maturity,*** with GreenSeeker were related with N uptake and yield of wheat through exponential function and could explain 68.5%and 60.6%of the variation in N uptake and grain yield,*** developed models were validated on an independent data set from another field experiment on *** normalized root mean square error for the relation between atLeaf measurements and N uptake and grain yield were fair,whereas the fits were good for measurements with *** study reveals that atLeaf chlorophyll meter and GreenSeeker optical sensor can be successfully used for establishing site-specific N management strategies in wheat.

关键词： N uptake Grain yield Wheat atLeaf sensor GreenSeeker sensor

Geo-Hydrodynamics of Bagjata Area and its Significance with Respect to Seasonal Fluctuation of Groundwater

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2010年第7期2卷 683-689页

作者： bijay singh A. S. singh 不详

Bagjata area is a part of singhbhum Shear Zone (SSZ) falling within Survey of India Toposheets No. 73J/6, J/7, J/10 and J/11. The Subarnarekha River, Sankh Nala and Gohala faults are major disconti-nuities in the area. An attempt has been made to simulate the regional groundwater hydrodynamics. Few dug-wells were monitored for more than a year to find out the seasonal fluctuation changes in the drainage pattern and groundwater level. Groundwater samples were analyzed for physical and chemical analysis. Results show that one of the major discontinuities in the area-the Gohala Fault controls largely the geohydrodynamics of the area. Discharge of groundwater is of effluence type during all the three seasons. The water is safe for drinking as most of the contaminations are much below the permissible limits. No such previous work has been attempted in this area to investigate the groundwater dynamics and hence the selection of few parameters were assumed and taken from similar surrounding aquifer systems for modeling. The groundwater flow was also assumed to be in steady state. The present paper deals with some important aspects related to the hydrological significance of the Bagjata Uranium mining area and its relationship with the local climate, physiography and meteorology. An attempt is also made to simulate the status of groundwater conditions of hard rock aquifers in the region. Further it envisages the necessity of such study being undertaken in the entire SSZ belt to secure precise information about the surface manifestations which govern the groundwater recharge potentiality as well as its quality.

关键词： Geo-hydrodynamics Bagjata Groundwater singhbhum Shear Zone (SSZ) Gohala Fault Effluence Uranium-Copper Mineralization

Geospatial Mapping of singhbhum Shear Zone (SSZ) with Respect to Mineral Prospecting

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2010年第3期2卷 177-184页

作者： Jimly Dowerah bijay singh Jimly Dowerah Dept. of Geology Ranchi University

singhbhum Shear Zone is a highly mineralized zone having variety of minerals, predominantly those of uranium, copper and some sulphide minerals. From Remote Sensing data it is possible to decipher the regional lithology, tectonic fabric and also the geomorphic details of a terrain which aid precisely in targeting of metals and minerals. Mapping of mineralized zones can be done using Geospatial Technology in a GIS platform. The present study includes creation of various maps like lithological map, geomorphological map, contours and slope map using satellite data like IRS LISSIV and ASTER DEM which can be used to interprete and correlate the various mineral prospective zones in the study area. Even the alterations of the prevalent mineral zones can be mapped for further utilization strategies. The present work is based on the investigations being carried under ISROSAC Respond Project (Dept. of Space, Govt. of India SAC Code: OGP62, ISRO Code: 10/4/556).

关键词： singhbhum Shear Zone Geospatial Mapping Mineral Prospecting Alterations Sulphide Ores

Spontaneous Combustibility Characterisation of the Chirimiri Coals, Koriya District, Chhatisgarh, India

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International Journal of Geosciences 2011年第3期2卷 336-347页

作者： Durga Shankar Pattanaik Purnananda Behera bijay singh 不详

Representative coal samples were collected from different coal seams of the Chirimiri coalfield which covered the entire stratigraphic sequence. These samples were tested for Chemical analysis, Crossing Point Temperature (CPT), Petrography, Infrared studies (IR) and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA). All the test results vindicated that the aforesaid parameters had a definite relationship with the stratigraphic disposition or the ranks of coal. The low rank coals found as younger seams in the stratigraphic sequence were more prone to spontaneous combustion whereas the higher rank coals found at the bottom of stratigraphic sequence were less prone to spontaneous combustion. Through combustibility characterisation by different tests, it was found that the upper Duman and Kaperti seams placed as younger seams in the stratigraphic sequence are highly prone to spontaneous combustion whereas the lower Karakoh and Sonawani seams seem to be least prone to spontaneous combustion.

关键词： Chirimiri Coalfield Crossing Point Temperature (CPT) Infrared (IR) Studies Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) Spontaneous Combustion

Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Tephrosia purpurea

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2014年第1期12卷 1-7页

作者： Satadru Palbag bijay Kr.Dey Narendra Kumar singh Faculty of Ayurveda Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Bengal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences SPLPIM Campus Jadavpur University

Tephrosia purpurea(L.) Pers. is popularly known as ‘Sarapunkha' in classical Ayurvedic texts. It is a perennial plant belonging to the family Fabaceae, and occurs throughout the Indian subcontinent. T. purpurea is traditionally used to treat spleenomegaly, cirrhosis, cough and cold, abdominal swelling and as an antidote in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. Phytochemical investigations indicate the presence of semiglabrin, pongamole, lanceolatins A and B, rutin, lupeol, and β-sitosterol. Flavonoids including(+)-tephrorin A and B,(+)-tephrosone, an isoflavone, 7, 4'-dihydroxy-3', 5'-dimethoxyisoflavone and a chalcone,(+)-tephropurpurin were isolated from the whole plant. Pharmacological activities of different parts of the plant reported include anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiallergic, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, antitumor and insect repellent activity. In the present review, the literature on the phytochemical and pharmacological investigations of Tephrosia purpurea(L.) Pers. are summarized to August, 2012.

关键词： Tephrosia purpurea Phytoconstituents Flavonoids Antitumor Anti-inflammatory Hepatoprotective

Disseminated cryptosporidiosis:Case report and literature review

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World Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2017年第2期7卷 32-37页

作者： Shehla Khalil bijay R Mirdha Jaishree Paul Ashutosh Panda Yogita singh Department of Microbiology All India Institute of Medical Sciences School of Life Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University

Cryptosporidiosis,better known as an intestinal disease may disseminate to infect other sites including the respiratory tract. Little information however is available on respiratory cryptosporidiosis that may largely be due to lower frequency of respiratory cryptosporidiosis. Respiratory cryptosporidiosis has been majorly reported in immunocompromised individuals and children. Here we report a case of respiratory and intestinal cryptosporidiosis in a fifteen months old child with CD8+ deficiency. The patient in spite of treatment with Nitazoxanide and Azithromycin followed by Intravenous immunoglobulin and Bovine colostrum had a fatal outcome. The Cryptosporidium spp. isolate was subjected to molecular characterization. The Cryptosporidium spp. was identified both in stool specimen and Endotracheal aspirate(ETA). The blood sample was negative for Cryptosporidium spp. The Cryptosporidium spp. isolate from stool as well as ETA was identified as Cryptosporidium hominis(C. hominis) using Multiplex Allele Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction assay and was subtyped as Ia A23G1R1 subtype using gp60 gene polymerase chain reaction assay followed by sequencing.

关键词： Cryptosporidiosis Disseminated disease CD8+deficiency Cryptosporidium hominis Subtyping