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Combining Geomatics and Conventional Methods for Monitoring Forest Conditions under Different Governance Arrangements

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Journal of Mountain Science 2006年第4期3卷 325-333页

作者： Ambika P. gautam P.O. Box 13797 Kathmandu Nepal

This study employed an innovative meth- odological framework that combines geomatics and conventional survey methods to monitor changes in forest conditions and examine their associations with local forest governance parameters in a mountain watershed covering 153.3 km2 in the middle moun- tains of Nepal. The study involved two spatial scales and analytical steps. First, geomatics techniques were used to map and detect changes in major land cover types in the watershed between 1976 and 2000 and to analyze relationships between forest cover changes and governance arrangements. This was followed by micro-level analysis of the relationships between the biological conditions of selected forests within the watershed and their governance arrangements, using conventional survey methods and analytical tools. The findings show that forest cover in the watershed in- creased by about 15 per cent during the period. The rate of increase in forest cover was highest in areas under a semi-government type of governance ar- rangement, while the community forests were gener- ally better in terms of current biological conditions compared to the semi-government forests. This in- consistency between the findings from the two analy- ses does not allow us to draw any firm conclusions regarding the role of property rights in determining forest condition, but it indicates that the outcomes of local forest management initiatives may be more de-pendent on local institutional arrangements regulat- ing forest use and maintenance of forest resources than on the type of property rights arrangements. The findings also provide evidence of the methodological suitability of the research approach adopted, which may be useful for addressing many other research questions related to forestry and natural resources management, particularly those involving multiple spatial scales.

关键词： Forest monitoring property rights research approach Nepal

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Themis regulates metabolic signaling and effector functions in CD4^(+) T cells by controlling NFAT nuclear translocation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第9期18卷 2249-2261页

作者： Mukul Prasad Joanna Brzostek Namrata gautam Renu Balyan Vasily Rybakin Nicholas R.J.Gascoigne Translational Immunology Programme Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore5 Science Drive 2Singapore 117545Singapore Department of Microbiology and Immunology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore5 Science Drive 2Singapore 117545Singapore H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute TampaFLUSA Torque Therapeutics CambridgeMAUSA

Themis is a T cell lineage-specific molecule that is involved in TCR signal *** effects of germline Themis deletion on peripheral CD4^(+)T cell function have not been described *** this study,we found that Themis-deficient CD4^(+)T cells had poor proliferative responses,reduced cytokine production in vitro and weaker inflammatory potential,as measured by their ability to cause colitis in *** T cells are quiescent,whereas activated T cells have high metabolic *** of these metabolic demands depends upon nutrient availability and upregulation of nutrient intake channels after efficient TCR signal transduction,which leads to metabolic reprogramming in T *** tested whether defects in effector functions were caused by impaired metabolic shifts in Themis-deficient CD4^(+)T cells due to inefficient TCR signal transduction,in turn caused by the lack of *** found that upon TCR stimulation,Themis-deficient CD4^(+)T cells were unable to upregulate the expression of insulin receptor(IR),glucose transporter(GLUT1),the neutral amino acid transporter CD98 and the mTOR pathway,as measured by c-Myc and pS6 *** analysis of activated Themis-deficient CD4^(+)T cells showed more oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHOS)than aerobic glycolysis,indicating defective metabolic ***,we found reduced NFAT translocation in Themis-deficient CD4^(+)T cells upon TCR *** previously reported ChIP-seq and RNA-seq data,we found that NFAT nuclear translocation controls IR gene ***,our results describe an internal circuit between TCR signal transduction,NFAT nuclear translocation,and metabolic signaling in CD4^(+)T cells.

关键词： Immunometabolism NFAT nuclear translocation Insulin receptor mTOR Mitochondria

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A recent update on development,synthesis methods,properties and application of natural products derived carbon dots

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2023年第1期13卷 117-137页

作者： Soumitra Sahana Anupam gautam Rajveer Singh Shivani Chandel Department of Pharmacognosy ISF College of PharmacyGhal-KalanMogaPunjab 142001India Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics University of TübingenSand 1472076 TübingenGermany International Max Planck Research School“From Molecules to Organisms” Max Planck Institute for Biology TübingenMax-Planck-Ring 572076 TübingenGermany Cluster of Excellence:EXC 2124:Controlling Microbes to Fight Infection University of TübingenTübingenGermany

Natural resources are practically infinitely abundant in nature,which stimulates scientists to create new materials with inventive uses and minimal environmental *** to the various benefits of natural carbon dots(NCDs)from them has received a lot of attention *** products-derived carbon dots have recently emerged as a highly promising class of nanomaterials,showcasing exceptional properties and eco-friendly nature,which make them appealing for diverse applications in various fields such as biomedical,environmental sensing and monitoring,energy storage and conversion,optoelectronics and photonics,agriculture,quantum computing,nanomedicine and cancer *** techniques such as Photoinduced electron transfer,Aggregation-Induced-Emission(AIE),Absorbance,Fluorescence in UV-Vis and NIR Regions play crucial roles in understanding the structural and optical properties of Carbon dots(CDs).The exceptional photoluminescence properties exhibited by CDs derived from natural products have paved the way for applications in tissue engineering,cancer treatment,bioimaging,sensing,drug delivery,photocatalysis,and promising remarkable advancements in these *** this review,we summarized the various synthesis methods,physical and optical properties,applications,challenges,future prospects of natural products-derived carbon dots *** this expanding sector,the difficulties and prospects for NCD-based materials research will also be explored.

关键词： Natural carbon dots(NCDs) Photoinduced electron transfer Aggregation-Induced-Emission(AIE) Cancer therapy Fluorescence Bio-imaging Sensing Drug delivery

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Characterization of Bi2/3Cu3Ti4O12 ceramics synthesized by semi-wet route

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2016年第6期26卷 567-571页

作者： Pooja gautam Ankur Khare Sunita Sharma N.B.Singh K.D.Mandal Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology(BHU) Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of Maryland

BiCuTiO(BCTO) ceramic was synthesized by the semi-wet route using metal nitrate solutions and solid TiOpowder in a stoichiometric ratio. Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) study of BCTO precursor powder and calcined ceramic showed the presence of alcoholic functional groups and the stretching band of Ti-O and Cu-O respectively. X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy(EDX) were employed to characterize the structure, surface morphology and purity of the sintered BCTO ceramic respectively. X-ray diffraction study confirmed the single phase formation of BCTO ceramic at1073 K. The average dimension of grains calculated by SEM and AFM was found to be in the range of 0.73 ±0.2 μm with clear grain boundaries. Magnetic property was investigated over a wide temperature range 2–300 K at a magnetic field of 7 tesla. The Curie temperature was calculated by zero field cooled(M) and field cooled(M) magnetization at 100 Oe applied field which was found to be 125 K. The sintered BCTO ceramic shows high dielectric constant(ε’=2.9×10~4) at 323 K and 100 Hz.

关键词： Ceramic Synthesis Structural properties Magnetic properties

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Fire monitoring in coal mines using wireless underground sensor network and interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2019年第2期6卷 274-285页

作者： Sweta Basu Sutapa Pramanik Sanghamitra Dey gautam Panigrahi Dipak Kumar Jana Prajnanananda Insitute of Technology & Management 94/2 Park Street Koi-17 Park Circus 7th point Kolkata WB 700 017 India Deulia Balika Vidyamandir Kolaghat 721154 India Department of Mathematics NIT Durgapur WB India Department of Applied Science Haldia Institute of Technology Haldia Purba Midnapur WB 721657 India

From the view of underground coal mining safety system, it is extremely important to continuous monitoring of coal mines for the prompt detection of fires or related problems inspite of its uncertainty and imprecise characteristics. Therefore, evaluation and inferring the data perfectly to prevent fire related accidental risk in underground coal mining (UMC) system are very necessary. In the present article, we have proposed a novel type-2 fuzzy logic system (T2FLS) for the prediction of fire intensity and its risk assessment for risk reduction in an underground coal mine. Recently, for the observation of underground coal mines, wireless underground sensor network (WUSN) are being concerned frequently. To implement this technique IT2FLS, main functional components are sensor nodes which are installed in coal mines to accumulate different imprecise environmental data like, temperature, relative humidity, different gas concentrations etc. and these are sent to a base station which is connected to the ground observation system through network. In the present context, a WUSN based fire monitoring system is developed using fuzzy logic approach to enhance the consistency in decision making system to improve the risk chances of fire during coal mining. We have taken Mamdani IT2FLS as fuzzy model on coal mine monitoring data to consider real-time decision making (DM). It is predicted from the simulated results that the recommended system is highly acceptable and amenable in the case of fire hazard safety with compared to the wired and off-line monitoring system for UMC. Legitimacy of the suggested model is prepared using statistical analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.

关键词： Type-2 fuzzy logic Underground coal mining system Mine environment Fire and risk monitoring of mine Wireless sensor networks Fire Intensity

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Evolving provenance in the Proterozoic Pranhita-Godavari Basin,India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第3期6卷 453-463页

作者： Udeni Amarasinghe Asru Chaudhuri Alan S.Collins gautam Deb Sarbani Patranabis-Deb Centre for Tectonics Resources and Exploration(TRaX)School of Earth and Environmental SciencesThe University of Adelaide Department of Geology Presidency College Geological Studies Unit(GSU) Indian Statistical Institute

The Pranhita-Godavari Basin in central eastern India is one of the Proterozoic ＂Purana＂ basins of cratonic India. New geochronology demonstrates that it has a vast depositional history of repeated basin reactivation from the Palaeoproterozoic to the Mesozoic. U-Pb laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry dating of detrital zircons from two samples of the Somanpalli Group--a member of the oldest sedimentary cycle in the valley--constrains its depositional age to - 1620 Ma and demonstrates a tripartite age provenance with peaks at - 3500 Ma, - 2480 Ma and - 1620 Ma, with minor age peaks in the Eoarchaean （ - 3.8 Ga） and at - 2750 Ma. These ages are consistent with palaeocurrent data suggesting a southerly source from the Krishna Province and Enderby Land in East Antarctica. The similarity in the maximum depositional age with previously published autbigenic glauconite ages suggest that the origin of the Pranhita-Godvari Graben originated as a rift that formed at a high angle to the coeval evolving late Meosproterozoic Krishna Province as Enderby Land collided with the Dharwar craton of India. In contrast, detrital zircons from the Cycle III Sullavai Group red sandstones yielded a maximum depositional age of 970 - 20 Ma and had age peaks of -2550 Ma, -1600 Ma and then a number of Mesoproterozoic detrital zircons terminating in three analyses at - 970 Ma. The provenance of these is again consistent with a southerly source from the Eastern Ghats Orogen and Antarctica. Later cycles of deposition include the overlying Albaka/Usur Formations and finally the late Palaeozoic to Mesozoic Gondwana Supergroup.

关键词： LA-icpms U-Pb zircon geochronology Godavari Purana Gondwana

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Two new additions to mycoflora(Hyphomycetes)of India

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Studies in Fungi 2019年第1期4卷 230-243页

作者： Verma RK Prasher IB Sushma gautam AK Department of Botany Dolphin PG College of science and Agriculture Chunni KalanFatehgarh SahibPunjab140307India Department of Botany Mycology and Plant Pathology LaboratoryPanjab University Chandigarh160014India Department of Botany Govt.PG College for Girls Sector-42ChandigarhIndia School of Agriculture Faculty of ScienceAbhilashi UniversityMandi-Himachal Pradesh175028India

Hyphomycetes are abundant and highly diverse in tropical areas such as India due to its climate and geographical ***,several regions of the country remained unexplored or underexplored and many species remained undiscovered in the *** mycological forays from the forests of Himachal Pradesh,two hyphomycetous fungi were *** detailed analysis of mycological characters like oval to oblong-ellipsoidal,muriform conidia with transverse,longitudinal,and oblique septa rounded or irregular at the ends and often with a protruding hilum,singly on short,unbranched conidiophores or sessile,in sporodochial conidiomata,it was found that these taxa belongs to the genus *** further evaluation of morphological and microscopic characters revealed the identity of these fungi as *** and *** of literature reveals that both are new records for *** table of all the accepted species(both asexual morph and sexual morph)along with checklist of Berkleasmium from India is also provided.

关键词： Anamorphic fungi biodiversity taxonomy

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Bamboo stumps as mosquito larval habitats in Darjeeling Himalayas, India： A spatial scale analysis

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Insect Science 2008年第3期15卷 245-249页

作者： gautam Aditya Rakesh Tamang Dipendra Sharma Francis Subba Goutam K. Saha Department of Zoology Darjeeling Govemment College Darjeeling 734101 Department of Zoology University of Calcutta 35 Ballygunge Circular Road Kolkata 700019 Department of Zoology the University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan 713104 India

Bamboo stumps can be a congenial breeding habitat of the mosquitoes. In view of this, a preliminary assessment of the dipteran immatures inhabiting the stumps of bamboo groves in the Darjeeling Himalayas was carded out at a spatial scale. Of the 104 stumps of Dendrocalamus hamiltoni surveyed, 70 were found to host immatures of three dipteran species, the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus and the midges Chironomus sp. in varying densities. Though the stumps varied in diameter, in each stump on average 12. 1 immatures were found. The abundance of the immatures was positively correlated with the diameter of the stumps （r = ＋0.382; P 〈 0.001） but negatively with the pH of the water present in the stumps （r = -0.336; P 〈 0.01）. The coefficient of association was found to be ＋8.4 for the Ae. aegypti and Chironomus immatures, while in the rest of the species pair the association seemed to be independent. Thus it can be concluded that the stumps in the bamboo groves of Darjeeling Himalayas provides a favourable habitat for the mosquito and chironomid immatures.

关键词： Aedes aegypti bamboo stumps Chironomus sp. Culex quinquefasciatus,Darjeeling interspecific association phytotelmata

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Improved Hybrid Reactive Power Compensation System Based on FC and STATCOM and Its Control Method

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2022年第2期8卷 29-41页

作者： Xiheng Liang Fei Jiang Xing Peng Liansong Xiong Yongbin Jiang Samir gautam Zhichang Li School of Electrical and Information Engineering Changsha University of Science&TechnologyChangsha 410076China School of Electrical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore School of Electrical Engineering The University of SydneySydney NSW 2006Australia Beijing Sgitg-Accenture Information Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 100080China

The purpose of this study is to solve the main problems in distribution networks,including increased line loss and reduced power supply quality caused by insufficient capacitive reactive *** reduce the capacity,voltage,and current stress of an active module of a compensation device and improve the cost performance of the device,an improved hybrid reactive power compensation system based on a fixed capacitor(FC)and a static synchronous compensator(STATCOM)is *** topological structure and basic operating principle of the proposed reactive power compensation system are *** addition,from the perspectives of output voltage,current,power,loss of the active part,and system compensation cost,the performances of the proposed reactive compensator and the inductively coupled STATCOM(L-STATCOM)are compared and ***,the key parameters of the proposed system are designed,and the joint optimization control strategy of the FC and STATCOM is *** correctness and effectiveness of the proposed topology structure and control method are verified by simulations.

关键词： Static synchronous compensator hybrid topology reactive power compensation fixed capacitor

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Influence of Sputtering Gas on Morphological and Optical Properties of Magnesium Films

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2011年第1期27卷 51-58页

作者： Yogendra K.gautam Amit K.Chawla Vipin Chawla R.D.Agrawal Ramesh Chandra Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Nano Science Laboratory Institute Instrumentation CentreIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee

The influence of sputtering gas（He Ar） on the structural properties of Mg thin films has been *** optical property（reflectance） that results from the growth of films at varying substrate temperatures（Tsub） was also *** deposited films were characterized by using X-ray diffraction（XRD）,field emission scaning electron microscopy（FE-SEM）,atomic force microscopy（AFM） and UV-Vis-NIR *** smaller crystallite size and lower deposition rate were observed in the presence of Helium atmosphere compared to *** of the films shows 2D hexagonal geometry of grains in the deposition temperature range（Tsub≈50-150℃） in both the sputtering *** surface roughness of the polycrystalline films were found to increase with increase in the deposition temperature of both ambient *** reflectance of Mg films was measured in near infrared region and larger reflectance was observed from Mg films sputtered in He atmosphere compared to that in argon.

关键词： X-ray diffraction(XRD) Atomic force microscopy(AFM) Reflectance Mg films Microstructure

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