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The sensitivity of numerical simulation to vertical mixing parameterization schemes: a case study for the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第1期39卷 64-78页

作者： congcong bi Zhigang YAO Xianwen BAO Cong ZHANG Yang DING Xihui LIU Junru GUO College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Physical Oceanography Laboratory/CIMST Ocean University of China and Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266100China The First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266000China China National Environmental Monitoring Centre Beijing 100012China Operational Oceanography Institution Dalian Ocean UniversityDalian 116023China

The vertical mixing parameterization scheme,by providing the eff ects of some explicitly missed physical processes and more importantly closing the energy budgets,is a critical model component and therefore imposes signifi cant impacts on model *** Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass(YSCWM),as the most striking and unique phenomenon in the Yellow Sea during summer,is dramatically aff ected by vertical mixing process during its each stage and therefore seriously sensitive to the proper choice of parameterization *** this paper,a hindcast of YSCWM in winter of 2006 was implemented by using the Regional Ocean Modeling System(ROMS).Three popular parameterization schemes,including the level 2.5 Mellor-Yamada closure(M-Y 2.5),Generic Length Scale closure(GLS)and K-Profi le Parameterization(KPP),were tested and compared with each other by conducting a series of sensitivity model *** infl uence of diff erent parameterization schemes on modeling the YSCWM was then carefully examined and assessed based on these model *** reasonable thermal structure and its seasonal variation were well reproduced by all schemes,considerable diff erences could still be found among all experiments.A warmer and spatially smaller simulation of YSCWM,with very strong thermocline,appeared in M-Y 2.5 experiment,while a spatially larger YSCWM with shallow mixed layer was found in GLS and KPP *** all the experiments,the discrepancy,indicated by core temperature,appeared since spring,and grew gradually by the end of *** experiments also confi rmed that the increase of background diff usivity could eff ectively weaken the YSCWM,in either strength or *** wave,another contributor in upper layer,was found responsible for the shrinkage of YSCWM *** treatment of wave eff ect as an additional turbulence production term in prognostic equation was shown to be more superior to the strategy of directly increasing diff usivity fo

关键词： Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass(YSCWM) vertical mixing parameterizations thermocline background diff usivity surface wave induced mixing

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Observed characteristics of tidal currents and mean flow in the northern Yellow Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第2期37卷 461-473页

作者： bi congcong BAO Xianwen DING Yang ZHANG Cong WANG Yu SHEN biao WAN Kai College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China Physical Oceanography Laboratory/CIMST Ocean University of China and Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266100 China The First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266000 China National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center State Oceanic Administration Dalian 116023 China Beihai Off shore Engineering Survey Institute State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China

Several bottom-mounted Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) moorings were deployed in the northern Yellow Sea (NYS) during the four seasons of 2006–2007 and also the summertime of 2009. A synthesis analysis on the time-continuous records was performed to examine the characteristics and variations of tidal currents and mean flow over the observation period at these stations. Tidal currents accounted for ~75% of the total kinetic energy, with the absolute dominance of M2 constituent. Visible vertical variations of tidal flow were found on all sites, featured by the decrease of amplitude, increase of rotation rate as well as a decreasing trend of the phase for M2 component with depth. A notable exception was in the central NYS, where the maximum tidal currents occurred in the upper or middle layers (~20–40 m) instead of near the surface (<10 m). The observed mean flow was relatively weak, smaller than 15 cm/s. Velocity on the northern end of Yellow Sea Trough (YST) was characterized by low magnitude and an obvious layered structure vertically. In the Bohai Strait (BS) and the northern slope area, the currents weakened and the flow direction presented a major trend to deflect counterclockwise with depth in most observations. Summertime cyclonic circulation around the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass (YSCWM), its intensification on the frontal zone and the Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC) for the winter season were all evident by our direct current measurements. However, the details of water exchange through the BS appeared partly diff erent from the traditionally-accepted pattern. The vertical diff erences of tidal and mean flow were larger in summer than that in winter, implying the influence of thermal structure to the local currents. Aff ected by the water stratification, mean flow usually reached its maximum near the thermocline in spring and summer, while showing a nearly uniform vertical distribution during winter.

关键词： northern Yellow Sea moored current measurements tidal currents mean flow thermal structure

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A numerical study of the South China Sea Warm Current during winter monsoon relaxation

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第2期36卷 216-229页

作者： ZHANG Cong DING Yang BAO Xianwen bi congcong LI Ruixiang ZHANG Cunjie SHEN bia WAN Kai College of Oceanic andAtmospheric Sciences Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China South China Sea Marine Survey and Technology Center State Ocean Administration Guangzhou 510310 China Beihai Offshore Engineering Survey Institute State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China

Using a Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model, we investigated the dynamic mechanism of the South China Sea Warm Current(SCSWC) in the northern South China Sea(NSCS) during winter monsoon relaxation. The model reproduces the mean surface circulation of the NSCS during winter, while model-simulated subtidal currents generally capture its current pattern. The model shows that the current over the continental shelf is generally southwestward, under a strong winter monsoon condition, but a northeastward counter-wind current usually develops between 50-and 100-m isobaths, when the monsoon relaxes. Model experiments, focusing on the wind relaxation process, show that sea level is elevated in the northwestern South China Sea(SCS), related to the persistent northeasterly monsoon. Following wind relaxation, a high sea level band builds up along the mid-shelf, and a northeastward current develops, having an obvious vertical barotropic structure. Momentum balance analysis indicates that an along-shelf pressure gradient provides the initial driving force for the SCSWC during the first few days following wind relaxation. The SCSWC subsequently reaches a steady quasi-geostrophic balance in the cross-shelf direction, mainly linked to sea level adjustment over the shelf. Lagrangian particle tracking experiments show that both the southwestward coastal current and slope current contribute to the northeastward movement of the SCSWC during winter monsoon relaxation.

关键词： northern South China Sea South China Sea Warm Current monsoon relaxation numerical model pressure gradient barotropic structure

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交联聚苯乙烯微球固载2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氮氧自由基的催化氧化性能与机理

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应用化学 2016年第9期33卷 1017-1025页

作者：董婷婷毕丛丛高保娇中北大学化学工程系太原030051

将交联聚苯乙烯(CPS)微球表面固载有2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氮氧自由基(TEMPO)的非均相催化剂微球(TEMPO/CPS)与过渡金属盐相结合,构成复合催化剂体系,用于分子氧对肉桂醇的氧化过程的研究。分别采用高价金属离子氧化性比硝酸根NO-3更弱和... 详细信息

将交联聚苯乙烯(CPS)微球表面固载有2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氮氧自由基(TEMPO)的非均相催化剂微球(TEMPO/CPS)与过渡金属盐相结合,构成复合催化剂体系,用于分子氧对肉桂醇的氧化过程的研究。分别采用高价金属离子氧化性比硝酸根NO-3更弱和更强的两类过渡金属盐为助催化剂,与微球TEMPO/CPS构成组合催化剂,深入探索研究了其催化性能与催化机理。研究结果表明,几种过渡金属盐(如Fe、Cu、Mn、Co盐)与微球TEMPO/CPS形成的复合催化剂,可有效地催化分子氧对肉桂醇的氧化过程,将其转化为唯一的产物肉桂醛。以过渡金属硝酸盐为助催化剂,当硝酸盐结构中对应的高价态(氧化态)金属离子的氧化性比NO-3离子弱时(如Fe(NO3)3与Cu(NO3)2),正负离子共同发挥助催化作用;当硝酸盐结构中对应的高价态(氧化态)金属离子的氧化性比NO-3离子强时,比如Co(NO3)2与Mn(NO3)2对应的Co(Ⅲ)与Mn(Ⅲ)离子,金属离子单独发挥助催化作用,NO-3离子不起作用。实验结果表明,对于肉桂醇的分子氧催化氧化,在几种过渡金属盐中,Fe(NO3)3作为最适宜的助催化剂,温和条件下(55℃、常压O2),可高效地将肉桂醇转化为肉桂醛,转化率为92%。

关键词：四甲基哌啶氮氧自由基非均相催化剂肉桂醇分子氧氧化催化氧化

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一种基于改进遗传算法的粗糙集属性约简算法

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计算机与数字工程 2014年第10期42卷 1831-1834页

作者：李玉龙张亚光毕聪聪东北石油大学计算机与信息技术学院大庆163318

为解决传统遗传算法在属性约简时会出现迭代次数多,收敛较慢的问题,论文提出了一种改进的遗传算法。该方法在适应函数上加入属性重要度因子,同时在交叉操作中有选择地保留子代个体,确保算法能够快速收敛。实验结果证明,改进之后的算法... 详细信息

为解决传统遗传算法在属性约简时会出现迭代次数多,收敛较慢的问题,论文提出了一种改进的遗传算法。该方法在适应函数上加入属性重要度因子,同时在交叉操作中有选择地保留子代个体,确保算法能够快速收敛。实验结果证明,改进之后的算法在保证属性约简的基础上,能够实现比传统遗传算法更快的迭代和收敛。

关键词：遗传算法粗糙集属性约简

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疼痛管理在老年骨折快速康复护理中的应用现状

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中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志 2017年第5期3卷 314-316页

作者：史冬立贺宇毕丛丛周东生山东大学附属省立医院骨科济南250021

随着社会结构逐渐老龄化,老年骨质疏松性骨折发病率日渐增多,并成为威胁老年人生活质量和生命健康的重要原因,与此相关的治疗与护理也引起医护工作者的关注。为了提高患者的生活质量和生存率,快速康复理念已经逐渐在临床上广泛开展。作... 详细信息

随着社会结构逐渐老龄化,老年骨质疏松性骨折发病率日渐增多,并成为威胁老年人生活质量和生命健康的重要原因,与此相关的治疗与护理也引起医护工作者的关注。为了提高患者的生活质量和生存率,快速康复理念已经逐渐在临床上广泛开展。作为快速康复护理的重要组成部分,疼痛管理在老年骨折患者中的应用具有重要意义,因此本文对老年骨折患者的疼痛管理、评估及管理策略等方面进行综述。

关键词：疼痛管理老年人骨折

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A stretchable triboelectric generator with coplanar integration design of energy harvesting and strain sensing

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第1期65卷 221-230页

作者： WU bin ZHANG ZengXing XUE Xiaobin HAO congcong ZHANG WenJun bi RuiYu WANG Qiang XUE ChenYang Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China

The rapid development of flexible triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)has become an alternative to batteries for wearable ***,multifunctional,and low-cost are the primary development directions for these wearable devices based on ***,a stretchable triboelectric generator with coplanar integration was designed for energy harvesting and force *** industrial conductive silicone and silicone were used to fabricate the TENG with a thickness of less than 0.9 *** the elongation was less than 150%,TENG exhibited excellent linear characteristics in the resistance-tensile strain correspondence,and the coefficient of determination was *** stretchable TENG with a sufficient contact area of 9 cm^(2) could generate a short-circuit current of 2μA when it was in contact with the ***,an intelligent tension monitoring wearable device that can effectively measure the tensile force was *** a stretchable,coplanar integration-based,and low-cost wearable device has excellent applicability in wearable electronics.

关键词： wearable device stretchable force monitoring multifunctional materials

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Overview of epigenetic degraders based on PROTAC, molecular glue, and hydrophobic tagging technologies

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 533-578页

作者： Xiaopeng Peng Zhihao Hu Limei Zeng Meizhu Zhang congcong Xu Benyan Lu Chengpeng Tao Weiming Chen Wen Hou Kui Cheng Huichang bi Wanyi Pan Jianjun Chen College of Pharmacy Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of EducationGannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 314000China College of Basic Medicine Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 314000China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug MetabolismSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China

Epigenetic pathways play a critical role in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of cancer. Over the past few decades, significant progress has been made in the development of targeted epigenetic modulators(e.g., inhibitors). However, epigenetic inhibitors have faced multiple challenges,including limited clinical efficacy, toxicities, lack of subtype selectivity, and drug resistance. As a result,the design of new epigenetic modulators(e.g., degraders) such as PROTACs, molecular glue, and hydrophobic tagging(Hy T) degraders has garnered significant attention from both academia and pharmaceutical industry, and numerous epigenetic degraders have been discovered in the past decade. In this review,we aim to provide an in-depth illustration of new degrading strategies(2017-2023) targeting epigenetic proteins for cancer therapy, focusing on the rational design, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, clinical status, and crystal structure information of these degraders. Importantly, we also provide deep insights into the potential challenges and corresponding remedies of this approach to drug design and development. Overall, we hope this review will offer a better mechanistic understanding and serve as a useful guide for the development of emerging epigenetic-targeting degraders.

关键词： Epigenetic Degrader PROTAC Molecularglue Hydrophobic tagging

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N-Type Mg_(3)Sb_(2-x)bi_(x) Alloys as Promising Thermoelectric Materials

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Research 2020年第1期2020卷 20-27页

作者： Hongjing Shang Zhongxin Liang congcong Xu Jun Mao Hongwei Gu Fazhu Ding Zhifeng Ren Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston(TcSUH) University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA Key Laboratory of Applied Superconductivity and Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

N-type Mg_(3)Sb_(2-x)bi_(x) alloys have been extensively studied in recent years due to their significantly enhanced thermoelectric figure of merit(zT),thus promoting them as potential candidates for waste heat recovery and cooling *** this review,the effects resulting from alloying Mg_(3)bi_(2) with Mg_(3)Sb_(2),including narrowed bandgap,decreased effective mass,and increased carrier mobility,are ***,defect-controlled electrical properties in n-type Mg_(3)Sb_(2-x)bi_(x) are *** one hand,manipulation of intrinsic and extrinsic defects can achieve optimal carrier *** the other hand,Mg vacancies dominate carrier-scattering mechanisms(ionized impurity scattering and grain boundary scattering).Both aspects are discussed for Mg_(3)Sb_(2-x)bi_(x) thermoelectric ***,we review the present status of,and future outlook for,these materials in power generation and cooling applications.

关键词： alloying grain scattering

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Phase evolution, microstructure, electric properties of (Ba1–xbi0.67xNa0.33x)(Ti1–xbi0.33xSn0.67x)O3 ceramics

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2019年第3期8卷 427-437页

作者： Xiuli CHEN Xu LI Huanfu ZHOU Jie SUN Xiaoxia LI Xiao YAN congcong SUN Junpeng SHI Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Hidden Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Development of New Materials in Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Materials and New Processing Technology Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology

(Ba1–xbi0.67xNa0.33x)(Ti1–xbi0.33xSn0.67x)O3(abbreviated as BBNTBS,0.02≤x≤0.12)ceramics were fabricated via a traditional solid state reaction *** phase transition of BBNTBS from tetragonal to pseudo cubic is demonstrated by XRD and Raman *** BBNTBS(x=0.1)ceramics have decent properties with a highεr(~2250),smallΔε/ε25℃ values of±15%over a wide temperature range from–58 to 171℃,and low tanδ≤0.02 from 10 to 200℃.The basic mechanisms of conduction and relaxation processes in the high temperature region were thermal activation,and oxygen vacancies might be the ionic charge transport ***,BBNTBS(x=0.1)exhibited decent energy storage density(Jd=0.58 J/cm3)and excellent thermal stability(the variation of Jd is less than 3% in the temperature range of 25–120℃),which could be a potential candidate for high energy density capacitors.

关键词： structure thermal stability energy storage

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